T3: Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the two types of circulatory systems? State their differences.

Answer 1

Open Circulatory System:
- transport all fluids into cavities
- intervertebrates (crabs, insects, snails)
- circulatory system delivers blood directly to tissues

Closed Circulatory System:
- blood never leaves blood vessels
- further divided into: single (fish) and double (birds, mammals) circulatory systems.

Question 2

What systems are part of the circulatory system?

Answer 2

• cardiovascular system
• lymphatic system

Question 3

What does the human circulatory system involve?

Answer 3

Pulmonary Circulatory System:
- transport deoxygenated blood
- heart to lungs to heart

Systematic Circulatory System:
- transport oxygenated blood
- heart to organs to heart

Question 4

Explain the circulatory systems of different animals.

Answer 4

Fish:
- 2 chambered heart
- gills –> rest of body

Amphibians:
- 3 chambered heart
- 2 circulatory routes
1) oxygenation of blood: lungs and skin
2) oxygenation of organs

Reptiles:
- 3 chambered heart (ventricles are partially seperated –> some mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs)
- 2 circulatory routes
1) oxygenation of blood: lungs
2) oxygenation of organs

Mammals:
- 4 chambered heart
- 2 circulatory routes
1) oxygenation of blood: lungs
2) oxygenation of organs

Question 5

State the principal differences between arteries, capillaries and veins.
1) blood movement
2) blood pressure
3) pulse

Answer 5

1) BLOOD MOVEMENT:
arteries: away from heart
capillaries: tissue level
veins: towards heart

2) BLOOD PRESSURE:
arteries: high
capillaries: high pressure (RBC forced to flow single file)
veins: low

3) PULSE:
arteries: yes
capillaries: no
veins: no

Question 6

What are the top 3 places of measuring a dogs pulse?

Answer 6

1. femoral artery
2. chest
3. back of feet (“pedal pulse”)

Question 7

What is the correct place to measuring a cats pulse?

Answer 7

A. femoralis (legs)

Question 8

What are the top 2 places of measuring a cows pulse?

Answer 8

1. coccygeal artery (bottom of tail)
2. facial artery (beneath jaw line)

Question 9

What are the top 2 places of measuring a horses pulse?

Answer 9

1. A. facialis
2. A. digitalis

Question 10

What are the top 2 places of measuring a goats pulse?

Answer 10

1. A. submandibularis
2. A. femoralis

Question 11

How can one calculate pulse pressure using systolic and diastolic pressure?

Answer 11

pulse pressure= systolic presure - diastolic pressure