T2 Pathology Test 1 Flashcards
Your patient presents with a stiff neck and headache and you find that Kernig's sign is positive. He most likely has: A) Bacterial Meningitis B) Cellulitis C) Rheumatic Fever D) Tuberculosis
A) Bacterial Meningitis
Which of the following is TRUE regarding the immune response?
A) The innate response is the same regardless of what kind of microbe has been detected
B) Mucous membranes are considered to be part of the body’s first line of defense
C) The adaptive response is slower than the innate response
D) All of the options are TRUE
D) All of the options are TRUE
If a patient came in to see you and they listed Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease on their health history form, which of the following would be true?
A) Treatment is palliative
B) The bacteria aggregates in the brain
C) It is hypothesized that it can be transmitted from ingesting infected cattle
D) Ricksettia is an example of a Prion disease
E) A and C
E) A and C
What is the role of regulatory T-cells (aka Tregs)?
A) They suppress/modify immune responses
B) They produce antibodies
C) They destroy identified/presented antigens
D) They upregulate immune responses
A) They suppress/modify immune responses
Which of the following is an Auto-immune disorder? A) Erythroblastosis fetalis B) Mononucleosis C) Allergic rhinitis D) Myasthenia gravis
D) Myasthenia gravis
Your patient mentions having a headache and experiencing feelings of depression recently. When you undrape her back, you see a "bulls-eye" shaped rash. Based on her symptoms, you suspect she might have: A) Lyme's disease B) Necrotizing fasciitis C) Salmonella infection D) Shigella
A) Lyme’s disease
Genetically determined self markers are how T-cells determine "self" from "non-self." In humans they are called: A) Memory B-cells B) Human Leukocyte Antigens C) CD-8 Lymphocyte Antibodies D) Major Mammalian Complexes
B) Human Leukocyte Antigens
Commensalism is:
A) Microorganism benefits and the host sustains injury
B) The act of establishing a presence within a host
C) When microorganisms acquire survival needs from the host, but the host is not adversely affected
D) Microorganisms and host both derive benefits
C) When microorganisms acquire survival needs from the host, but the host is not adversely affected
Arthus Reaction (local response after injection of a foreign substance) is considered to be what kind of hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Type II (antibody mediated hypersensitivity)
B) Type III (immune complex mediated hypersensitivity)
C) Type I (immediate hypersensitivity)
D) Type IV (delayed/cell mediated hypersensitivity)
B) Type III (immune complex mediated hypersensitivity)
When a microbe is transmitted to a human by a biting arthropod, the mode of transmission is called: A) Vector-borne B) Vehicle-borne C) Contact D) Airborne
A) Vector-borne
What type of infection has a slow, gradual onset? A) Chronic infection B) Insidious infection C) Fulminant infection D) Sub clinical infection
B) Insidious infection
Essential to immunity is the capacity to recognize foreign invaders (non-self). Problems arise when the response to an invader is:
A) Excessive
B) When self-tissue is perceived as foreign
C) A and B
D) None of the options
C) A and B
Which two types of antibodies can be passively acquired from parent to child? One crosses the placenta and one is found in breastmilk. A) IgG and IgM B) IgG and IgA C) IgA and IgM D) IgE and IgD
B) IgG and IgA
Which Ig is predominant in mucous membranes and secretions? A) IgE B) IgG C) IgM D) IgA
D) IgA
The following regarding humoral immunity is TRUE, EXCEPT:
A) B-cells are its key players
B) It has to do with a high number of immune cells and other immune materials that circulate in the blood and lymph
C) It has specific tissues and organs associated with it
D) It works via cell to cell contact or by secreting messenger compounds that communicate with immune system cells
D) It works via cell to cell contact or by secreting messenger compounds that communicate with immune system cells
