Class 4 - Infectious Disease Flashcards
Microscopic, single celled organisms (prokaryotes) and there are thousands of different kinds, living in every conceivable environment. Only a few kinds cause disease by producing toxins, invading tissue, or both.
Bacteria
Bacteria are classified by _______.
Species
Different types of bacteria within a species that differ in genetic makeup and chemical components.
Strains
Bacteria may be classified by the colour they turn after they are treated with certain chemicals, known as ______.
Stains
The most common stain is __________.
Gram Stain
Gram-positive bacteria turn ______ when stained. Gram-negative bacteria turn ______ when stained.
Purple
Pink
Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria have differences in their ________ structure. They cause different ________, and they respond differently to antibiotics.
Cell Wall
Infections
What are the 3 basic shapes of bacteria?
1) Spheres (cocci)
2) Rods (bacilli)
3) Spirals (spirillum)
Bacteria that need oxygen known as ________. Bacteria that can live without oxygen are known as ________. Bacteria that can live with and without oxygen are known as ________.
Aerobes
Anaerobes
Facultative
Protects the bacteria and provides a specific shape.
Outer Ridge Cell Wall
Located inside the cell wall, it controls movement of nutrients, other materials, and metabolic processes.
Cell Membrane
Found on some bacteria outside of the cell wall, acts as a second barrier, and enhances the ability of the bacteria to cause disease.
External Capsule
Some bacteria have ________ attached to the cell wall to provide motility.
Flagella
Tiny hair-like structures found on some bacteria, usually the gram-negative class, that allow bacteria to stick to things.
Pili (Fimbriae)
A latent form of bacteria with a coating that is highly resistant to heat and other adverse conditions, providing bacteria with a long survival time.
Spores
