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Maternal-Newborn (Josh) > T1 - Conception PPT (Josh) > Flashcards

T1 - Conception PPT (Josh) Flashcards

1
Q

— is the meiotic process by which male gametes are produces.

A

Spermatogenesis

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2
Q

— is the process by which female gametes are produced.

A

Oogenesis

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3
Q

Which muscle of the scrotum is important in temperature regulation for sperm?

A

Dartos Muscle

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4
Q

Sperm cell begins at —-

A

puberty

***NOT cyclic

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5
Q

Where do the secretions that sperm float in originate from?

A

Seminal Vesicles

Prostate Gland

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6
Q

What is the pH of sperm?

A

alkaline

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7
Q

How long does sperm live after ejaculation?

A

48-72 hrs

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8
Q

During normal ejaculation, how many sperm are released?

A

200-500 million

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9
Q

How long does it take sperm to travel to egg?

A

4-6 hrs

but can take as little as 5 minutes

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10
Q

When do oocytes form?

A

12 weeks gestation

**at birth, female has lifetime supply of oocytes

**400-500 eggs mature in a lifetime

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11
Q

The Ovarian Cycle is controlled by what?

A

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis

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12
Q

When does Ovulation occur?

A

14 + or - 2 days before next menstrual period

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13
Q

Which hormone has a large surge at ovulation?

A

LH

**ovulation occurs 14+ or - 2 days before next menstrual period

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14
Q

Phases of the Ovarian Cycle

A

Ovarian

Ovulation

Luteal Phase

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15
Q

What is the name of the path through which sperm goes to reach the ovum?

A

Hyaluronidase

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16
Q

Normal Fetal HR:

A

110-160

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17
Q

What process removes the protective coating from the heads of sperm?

A

capacitation

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18
Q

How many sperm penetrates the ovum?

A

one

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19
Q

Where does conception occur?

A

outer 1/3 of Fallopian Tube

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20
Q

Mother contributes —- chomosomes.

Father contributes —- chromosomes.

A

22xx

22xy

**mother can only give x chromosomes, so father determines sex of child

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21
Q

Regarding chromosomes, the baby receives — from each parent. — pairs are autosomes and —- determine the sex.

A

Regarding chromosomes, the baby receives 23 FROM EACH PARENT. 22 PAIRS ARE AUTOSOMES and ONE PAIR DETERMINES THE SEX.

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22
Q

Cleavage (replication) occurs at — as zygote is propelled toward uterus.

A

1 day

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23
Q

How many cells are in the Morula?

A

16

**produced ~ 3 days after fertilization

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24
Q

Blastocyst:

— is the outer layer of cells.

— is the inner layer of cells (baby)

A

Trophoblast

Blastocyst

25
Q

Cleavage is Mitosis or Meiosis?

A

Mitosis

26
Q

Which hormones are secreted by the Corpus Luteum?

A

Estrogen and Progesterone

***during first 2-3 mths of pregnancy

27
Q

During first 2-3 months of pregnancy, what produces Estrogen and Progesterone?

A

Corpus Luteum

28
Q

When is the Blastocyst implanted?

A

6-8 days after ovulation

**upper portion of uterus

29
Q

Chorionic Villi are developed from which layer of the Blastocyst?

A

Trophoblast (outer layer)

30
Q

What is the purpose of the Chorionic Villi?

A

extend into endometrium and tap into maternal blood supply for O2 and nutrients

31
Q

After implantation, the endometrium is called the —

A

decidua

32
Q

Where is the decidua basalis?

A

beneath the blastocyst

**decidua basalis is the area of endometrium between the implanted chorionic vesicle and the myometrium, which becomes the maternal part of the placenta.

33
Q

How can progesterone prevent fertilization?

A

changes cervical mucus and endometrium

*** IUDs are sometimes medicated w/ progesterone to prevent fertilization

34
Q

G and D of Baby:

—- is conception to day 14

—- is day 15 to 8 wks

—- is 8 wks to 40 wks

A

Ovum

Embryo

Fetus

35
Q

The — period is when organs are forming and is the time of greatest vulnerability.

A

Embryo (day 15 - 8 wks)

36
Q

Which period encompasses cellular replication (where zygote is formed into blastocyst)?

A

Ovum

37
Q

What are the three primary germ layers of the Blastocyst?

A

Ectoderm

Mesoderm

Endoderm

38
Q

Which germ layer of cell?

trophoblast (outer layer) develops into the placenta, integument, neural tissue and glands

A

Ectoderm

39
Q

Which germ layer of cell?

forms muscles, bones, connective tissue, circulatory system, and genitourinary system

A

Mesoderm

40
Q

Which germ layer of cell?

forms digestive, respiratory, and parts of the gu system

A

Endoderm

41
Q

—- stage is the most critical time in the development of the organ systems and the external features.

A

Embryonic (day 15 - 8 wks)

42
Q

The — assists in lung development.

A

amniotic fluid

43
Q

Normal volume of Amniotic Fluid:

A

800 - 1200 mL

***oligohydramnios = 2000 mL

44
Q

What is oligohydramnios and why can it be a problem?

A

AF

45
Q

What is polydramnios and why can it be a problem?

A

AF > 2000 mL

associated w/ esophageal atresia and w/ severe CNS anomalies

46
Q

— is the baby bouncing when examiner touches head and is a sign that baby is NOT ready to be born yet.

A

Ballottement

47
Q

At 16 weeks gestation, what is a sufficient amount of AF?

A

200-300 mL

***sufficient to perform an amniocentesis

48
Q

Why would the perform an amniocentesis?

A

too much AF slows down CNS development so they try to pull fluid off

49
Q

Amniotic Fluid is alkaline or acidic?

A

alkaline

50
Q

What is found in Amniotic Fluid that is essential in lung development?

A

Lecithin and Sphingomyelin

*** L/S ratio of 2:1 indicates fetal lung maturity

*** L/S is a major component of surfactant

51
Q

What color are we looking for when using nitrazine paper to test AF?

A

blue

*** acid would turn it red

52
Q

After ROM (Rupture of Membranes) what do we monitor?

A

fetal heart rate

we are looking for any decelerations in fetal HR

53
Q

During maitenance of pregnancy, what produces estrogen and progesterone?

A

Placenta

***provides O2 and removes CO2

***metabolizes drugs/substances

54
Q

Until 3rd month of pregnacy, the — is main source of estrogen and progesterone

After 3rd mth, the — is main source of estrogen and progesterone.

A

Corpus Luteum

Placenta

55
Q

— stimulates uterine development to provide environment for baby.

— relaxes uterine muscle and prevents spontaneous abortion.

A

Estrogen

Progesterone

56
Q

Lay mom on which side to decrease pressure on IVC?

A

left side

57
Q

Nicotine does what to blood vessels?

A

vasoconstrictor (raises BP)

58
Q

How many vessels are in the umbilical cord?

A

3

1 large vein (carrying O2)

2 arteries (carrying CO2)

59
Q

Vein and arteries in umbilical cord is surrounded by —

A

Wharton’s Jelly

Maternal-Newborn (Josh) (29 decks)

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