T1 - Case studies Flashcards
CS-1.1
When was China’s population policy implemented and what were its effects?
-1CP from 1979-2015
-sped up process of transitioning from NIC>MEDC
-smaller workforce for future dependents
-narrowed pop. pyramid for that period of time
-fertility rate decreased (5.7-1.3, below 2.1 replacement)
CS1.1
What were some exceptions to the 1CP?
-rural families could have a 2nd if the 1st was a girl to prevent female gendercide (acts as an incentive to keep the girl)
-ethnic minorities could have more due to their limited pop.
CS-1.1
Give 2 punishments if someone didn’t follow the rules of the 1CP:
-fines in the 1000’s
-forced sterilisations/abortions
CS-1.1
Give some stats about Bangladesh:
-165 million pop.
-1100 per km^2
CS-1.1
Name some specific problems in Bangladesh caused by overpopulation:
-lack of treatment and clean water facilities, so people forced to use arsenic-contaminated water
-traffic congestion (^air pollution)
-deforestation for firewood
-over-farming because of resource shortages
CS-1.1
Why is Canada underpopulated?
-cold climate so low crop yield + harder to work for long hours
->40% is uninhabitable forested land + protected national parks (less space for housing)
-larger cities are further apart (harder to access oppurtunities/services, trade/transport issues)
CS-1.1
Give some stats about Canada’s population and how it is changing:
-35 million pop. with 4 people/km²
-1.2% annual growth
-1.6 fertility rate (<2.1)
-encourages 250,000 migrants per year
CS-1.1
Where does Canada mainly get its resources from?
-Whitehorse (gold)
-Yellowknife (gold/diamonds)
-Edmonton (oil sands, sand mixed with bitumen)
CS-1.1
What issues does Canada have due to underpopulation?
-smaller workforce (high dep. ratio, costly, less are taxed, worse services)
-net exporter of energy (could support more people)
-large base of natural resources that aren’t being sold
CS-1.1
Give some stats about Niger’s population:
-20 million pop.
-3.8% annual growth
-6.8 fertility rate
CS-1.1
Why does Niger have a high population growth?
Give the reasons specific to Niger, not the general ones
-polygamy
-larger distances between towns (harder/more expensive to access hospitals, ^deaths, so ^birth rate)
CS-1.1
Give an example of the cities that are far apart in Niger:
-Niamey (capital, largest city)
-Maradi (2nd largest)
-over 500km between them
CS1.1
How was China’s 1CP used to influence the growth rate of the population?
-it was an anti-natalist policy
-financial rewards and incentives if the family only had 1 child
-mandatory birth control (eg IUDs)
-social pressures, as people were encouraged to report others who had broken the rules
CS-1.2
How were Poland/UK affected by migration?
Poland
-loss of labour (brain drain)
-less people taxed (worse services)
UK
-boosted economy
-social tension over migration
-strains on services (schools/hospitals)
CS-1.2
Give some push factors from Poland give relevant stats (4):
-20% unemployment
-very low wages with no minimum (1/3 of UK average)
-housing shortages (300 houses per 1000)
-lack of oppurtunities
CS-1.4
Draw the distribution of the population in Brazil:
draw
CS-1.5
What is Fosse Park’s significance? Describe its situation:
-one of Britain’s largest out-of-town shopping centres with a large SOI (people come from Coventry/Nottingham)
-situated on the southern edge of Leicester’s rural-urban fringe, near Enderby
-close to M1 with a good bus service to the city centre
CS-1.6
Describe the site and situation of Seoul, and how it has developed:
-capital of South Korea with 10 million people
-surrounded by mountains + Hangang river flows through it (less than 50% of land there can be developed)
-GDP has grown rapidly in past 50 years to over 400x, to $34,000 per capita
