1.1 - Population dynamics

Question 1

Give some reasons for high population growth: (5)

Answer 1

-high birth/fertility rate
-high infant mortality (death under 1)
-family support is needed for future
-careers (none for women due to lack of education)
-contraception/family planning/abortions unavailable

(BIFCC)

Question 2

Why are there so many elderly people in MEDC’s?

Answer 2

-low death rate/^life expectancy
-pensions
-investment in hospitals/elderly care
-education on a healthy lifestyle
-supply of hygienic water/food

(D, PIES)

Question 3

Define over/underpopulation:

Answer 3

-where a population is well above/below its carrying capacity

-which is the maximum pop. that can be sustained, given the available resources (food/habitat/water)

Question 4

Why might an area be overpopulated?

Answer 4

-^migration
-^urban concentration (people mainly living in cities)
-low death rate (better medicine) and increasing birth rate
-low carrying capacity so lack of basic resources (people have more children to increase chance of survival)

(MULL)

Question 5

What are the causes for an area to be underpopulated?

Answer 5

-surplus of resources
-remote area
-high carrying capacity with too little people to fulfill it
-war
-emigration

Question 6

Give some general problems caused by overpopulation:

Answer 6

-^competition and depletion of resources
-^famine + disease (eg cholera)
-^pollution (be specific, eg air pollution from traffic congestion)
-loss of habitats due to deforestation needed for increased housing
-strains on healthcare/education facilities

Question 7

Define birth/death rate:

Answer 7

deaths/live births per 1000 in a given year

Question 8

Define rate of natural population increase:

Answer 8

difference between birth and death rate

Question 9

Define dependency ratio:

Answer 9

ratio of dependents to the economically active (dep./indep.)

Having a high dependency ratio means there are more dependents