T and B cells

Question 1

If a helper T cell is exposed to IL-12 or IFN gamma what will it differentiate into?

Answer 1

TH1 cells

Question 2

What is the function of TH1 cell?

Answer 2

Cheer on the immune system; CYTOKINES and MACROPHAGES as well as IgM to IgG class switching

Question 3

If a helper T cell comes into contact with IL2 or IL4 what will it differentiate too?

Answer 3

Th2 cell

Question 4

What helper cell function in the allergic response?

Answer 4

Th2 cell

Question 5

What are the two selective processes T cells must go to in order to mature/differentiate?

Answer 5

Positive Selection (must recognize MHC or die)
Negative Selection (Must not recognize self proteins displayed by AIRE)

Question 6

What protein is essential in the negative selection process of T cells and when is absent causes Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome 1?

Answer 6

AIRE

Action of autoimmune regulator

Question 7

What is the function of Th2 cells?

Answer 7

Activate eosinophils and promote IgE production

Question 8

Th2 cells secrete what IL?

Answer 8

IL4
IL5
IL13

Question 9

Th1 secrete what?

Answer 9

IFN gamma

Question 10

Which T helper cell is deficiency in hyper IgE syndrome?

Answer 10

Th17

Question 11

T reg cells secrete what molecules?

Answer 11

TGF beta
IL10
IL35

Question 12

What two ways do Th1 cells increase the ability of monocytes and macrophages to kill microbes?

Answer 12

1. Secrete IFN gamma

2. CD40L on T cell interacts with CD40 on macrophage

Question 13

How do cytotoxic T cells kill pathogens?

Answer 13

Perforin and granzyme B

Question 14

What CD receptors are on Treg cells to help you identify them?

Answer 14

CD3
CD4
CD25
FOXP3

Question 15

IPEX is caused by a deficiency in what?

Answer 15

FOXP3

Enteropathy, endocrinopathy, nail dystrophy, dermatitis, and other autoimmune germ conditions (diabetes in male infants)

Question 16

What are the two signals that activate a T cell?

Answer 16

1. Antigen from a APC is present to T cell via MHC II (CD4 T cell)
2. Interaction of B7 protein on dendritic cell with CD28 protein on naive T cell (CD80/86)

Question 17

What are the two signals that activate B cells?

Answer 17

1. B cell endocytosis antigens and presents it to Th cell on MHC II
2. CD 40 receptor on B cells bind CD40 ligand on Th cells

Question 18

What determines the class switching of B cells?

Answer 18

Determined by the Th cell activating the B cells and which cytokines they release