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RIQ > T-6 JX 101 > Flashcards

T-6 JX 101 Flashcards

1
Q

From surface up, what are the atmospheric layers

A

Troposphere (^36,000’)
Stratosphere
Ionosphere

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2
Q

Troposphere characteristics

A

large amounts of moisture and condensation nuclei

Nearly all weather occurs here

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3
Q

What is the abrupt change layer in the rate of temperature decrease?

A

Tropopause

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4
Q

Tropopause definition

A

A transition zone between the troposphere and stratosphere. (^36,000’ MSL)

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5
Q

Stratosphere Characteristics

A

Temp. Inversion
from 36,000’-66,000’
Smooth, thin air
Excellent Visibility

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6
Q

Standard lapse rate

A

2°c per 1000’

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7
Q

Isothermal lapse rate

A

Temperature is constant with increasing altitude

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8
Q

Inverted lapse rate

A

Temperature increases with increased altitude

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9
Q

What is Atmospheric (barometric) pressure

A

The pressure exerted on the surface by the column directly above it

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10
Q

What are the two units of measurement for atmospheric pressure

A

Inches of mercury (inHg)

Millibars (mb)

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11
Q

Standard day pressure and Temperature and lapse rate

A

29.92 inHg / 1013.2 mb
15°c / 59°F
1 inHg per 1000’

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12
Q

Define Station Pressure

A

Atmospheric pressure measured directly at an airfield or other weather station

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13
Q

Define sea level pressure

A

The pressure measured from the existing weather if the station were at MSL

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14
Q

Changes in sea level pressure Memory Jogger

A

“High to low, look out below”

“Low to high, plenty of sky”

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15
Q

Altimeter error temperature

A

4% per 11°c

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16
Q

Indicated Altitude

A

What is read on the altimeter

17
Q

Absolute altitude

A

Altitude AGL

18
Q

True Altitude

A

Altitude in reference to MSL

19
Q

Pressure Altitude

A

Altitude above the standard datum plane (29.92 inHg)

20
Q

Density Altitude

A

Pressure altitude corrected for temperatude deviations

21
Q

Pressure gradient directions

A

High - Outwards/Clockwise

Low - Inwards/Counterclockwise

22
Q

In what direction do gradient winds flow (Above 2000’ AGL)

A

Parallel to the isobars

23
Q

In what direction do gradient winds flow (Below 2000’ AGL)

A

45° to the isobars

24
Q

The average height/speed of the jet stream

A

30,000 MSL

100-150 (up to250 mph)

25
Q

What are local winds

A

Geographically thin areas created by mountains, valleys, and bodies of water.
Superimposed on general winds causing significant changes in weather

26
Q

Describe Sea breezes

A

Warm air cooling and descending over water, gets pushed towards land. This air hits land, warms up, and rises being pushed back towards the sea

27
Q

Describe land breezes

A

warm air rising over warm water, pushed towards land, cooled and descends and pushed back towards the sea

28
Q

Describe mountain and valley winds

Day / Night

A

During the day, cold air descends and pushes out the warm air in the valley, it is then pushed up towards the peaks.

During the night, air in contact with the slope is cooled by terrestrial radiation then becomes denser, the air then flows downhill.

29
Q

3 states of water

A

Solid, liquid, gas

30
Q

War vs. Cold air dewpoint

A

Warm air can hold more water vapor than cold air.

Air can reach saturation when it contains the max amount of water vapor

31
Q

What is dewpoint

A

The temp at which saturation occurs

The higher the dewpoint the greater chance of fog/clouds/precipitation

32
Q

What is relative humidity

A

The percent of saturation in the air, or the percent of water vapor in the air compared to the max it can hold at that temp

33
Q

types of precipitation

A

Drizzle - liquid and freezing
rain - liquid and freezing
frozen - hail, ice pellets, snow, snow grains

34
Q

Low/middle/high cloud altitudes

A

Low - above surface to 6,500’
(Alto) Middle - between 6500’-20,000’
(Cirro) High - from 20,000’-40,000’

35
Q

4 methods of lifting

A

Convergence - when 2 air masses converge pushing air upwards
Frontal lifting - moving clod front pushing the air in front of it up
Orographic - wind pushes air up a mountainside
Thermal - cold air is heated by solar heating

RIQ (20 decks)

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