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Abbie Year 5 Pathology > Systemic Pathology > Flashcards

Systemic Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What are HIV opportunistic infections?

A

Pneumocystics jiroveci, ….

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2
Q

What tests fro CMV oesophagitis

A

endoscopy, cmv nuclear inclusion and …. … confirms that its HIV caused not gastritis

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3
Q

HIV tumours?

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma, lymphoma, others: SCC, anus and cervix, HPV

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4
Q

What is Kaposi’s sarcoma caused by?

A

HHV-8

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5
Q

How does lymphoma present?

A

systemic, CNS or body cavity based, B cell lymphomas, EBV

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6
Q

How may HIV cause CNS disease?

A

Progressive encephalopathy, AIDS dementia complex

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7
Q

What is seen in CNS lymphoma?

A

…

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8
Q

Mycobacteria pathology

A

caseating granulomas, demonstration of acid fast bacilli

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9
Q

mycobacterial infection findings …

A

cavitating TB, granuloma with caseous necrosis

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10
Q

Where are systemic pathology/extra-pulmonary features of mycobacterial infection?

A

lungs, lymph nodes, bone (vertebra), heart (pericarditis), GIT (peritonitis, CNS (meningitis)

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11
Q

Sarcoid pathology

A

Non caseating granulomas (not as extensive necrosis as caseating granulomas of TB), diagnosis of exclusion

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12
Q

Sarcoid granuloma, what is it comprised of?

A

Lymphocytes, epithelioid cells, giant cells

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13
Q

What is a giant cell?

A

formed by macrophages fusing together

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14
Q

IgG4 related disease pathology

A

Inflammation dominated by IgG4 antibody producing plasma cells. Fibrosis, obliteration of veins.

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15
Q

Histopathology of IgG4RD

A

plasma cell rich, inflammatory infiltrate, … immunohitochemistry shows ???

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16
Q

IgG4 related disease

A

salivary and lacrimal glands mikulicz s, thyroid riedl peritoneum retroperitoneal fibrosis, liver biliar obstruction, panceaud autoimmune, mass lesions inflammatory pseudotumour

17
Q

Alcohol systemic effects in liver

A

…

18
Q

Nervous system alcohol effects

A

peripheral neuropathy, wernicke-korsakoff syndrome, etc.

19
Q

Cardiovascular system alcohol effects

A

dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertension, atheroma (decreases it)

20
Q

Pancreas systemic effects alcohol

A

Acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis

21
Q

Alcohol effects on fetus

A

fetal alcohol syndrome

22
Q

Alochol cancer

A

oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, liver and breast cancer

23
Q

Cystic fibrosis systemic effects

A

pancreas duct obstruction, exocrine atrophy; salivary glands duct obstruction, atrophy; intestine, meconium ileus; liver: biliary obstructio, cirrhosis; lung: broncial obstruction, superimposed infection with abscess formation (Staph A, haemophilus, pseudomanas a); male genital tract: obstructive infertility …..?

24
Q

Cystic fibrosis systemic effects

A

pancreas duct obstruction, exocrine atrophy; salivary glands duct obstruction, atrophy; intestine, meconium ileus; liver: biliary obstructio, cirrhosis; lung: broncial obstruction, superimposed infection with abscess formation (Staph A, haemophilus, pseudomanas a); male genital tract: obstructive infertility …..?

25
Q

What is amyloid

A

Deposition of abnormal proteinaceous substance in non branching fibrils, 7.5-10nm, resistant to de… …?

26
Q

Amyloid classification I

A

AA and AL

27
Q

AA derivation

A

from serum amyloid A

28
Q

AL derivation

A

from light chains

29
Q

e,g, of AA amyloid increased risk of…???

A

crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis

30
Q

e.g. of AL amyloid increased risk of ??

A

B cell lymphoma, multiple myeloid…?

31
Q

Amyloid classification II,

A

transthyretin, beta2-macroglobulin - peritoneal dialysis, abeta2 protein, insulin and calcitonin - endocrine problems

32
Q

What does amyloid stain with and show?

A

Congo Red dye. Then apple green birefringence under polarised light

33
Q

Amyloid clinical features …

A

…?

Abbie Year 5 Pathology (18 decks)

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