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MMD1042 Module 2 > Systeme Sanguin 1: Immune Cells > Flashcards

Systeme Sanguin 1: Immune Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Granulocytes?

A

Neutrophiles:
Eosinophile:
Basophile

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2
Q

What are the mononucleated leucocytes?

A

Lymphocytes
and
Monocytes

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3
Q

What are Erythrocytes ?

A

Red Blood Cells:
Principle role is in oxygen transportation

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4
Q

White Blood Cell important in Important for parasitic activity

A

Eosinophile

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5
Q

Macrophage progenitor?

A

Monocyte

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6
Q

What is Wright Giemsa

A

Coloration used for blood or bone marrow

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7
Q

What are the three types of cellules souche?

A

Long Term:

Most primitive

Can do symmetrical replication

Short Term:

Multipotent Progenitors:

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8
Q

Caractéristiques des cellules souches hématopoïétiques

A

majoritairement en quiescence (G0) -> ésistance aux drogues cytotoxiques in vivo

CD150+ CD48- Lineage- Sca-1+ c-kit+

Fetal Cells are very proliferative engaged in symmetric divisions

After a while up to adulthood, CSHs will become quiescentes → asymmetric division

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9
Q

Symmetric vs Asymmetric division?

A
  • Les divisions symétriques peuvent générer 2 CSHs ou 2 cellules filles plus
    • Self Renewal : Long term creating more long terms
    • Differentiation : a multipotent cell giving more multipotent cells
  • les divisions asymmetries préservent le nombre de CSHs dans un état d’équilibre
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10
Q

TRUE OR FALSEm Symmetric division will give birth to two new CSH?

A

FALSE

  • Les divisions symétriques peuvent générer 2 CSHs ou 2 cellules filles plus
    • Self Renewal : Long term creating more long terms
    • Differentiation : a multipotent cell giving more multipotent cells
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11
Q

What is the origin of all stem cells?

A

All stem cells (cellules souches) originate from the mesoderm
Mesoderm cells engage in both endothelial and hemopoietic lineages

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12
Q

What are hemangioblasts ?

A

Mesoderm cells engage in both endothelial and hemopoietic lineages

Thus they from bipotent progenitors → hemangioblasts

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13
Q

Hemangioblasts migrate to the YOLK SAC to give rise to what kind of cells?

A

Give rise to primitive erythroid (red blood) cells

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14
Q

What is aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM)?

A

The principal site of stem cell origin

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15
Q

Difference between definitive and adult hematopoesis?

A

The principal site of stem cell origin is AGM

These cells will migrate to Liver (Foie) → the new primary site (until birth) → hématopoïèse définitive

In birth we find stem cells in the Bone Marrow (moelle osseuse) → hématopoïèse adulte

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16
Q

What is le rôle du microenvironnement (niche)?

A

The microenvironment that determines the growth of CSH

The niche keeps the CSH in quiescence (G0) → protect against mutation etc and activate when needed

As such, garde la CSH dans une balance dynamique entre l’auto-renouvellement et la différenciation

Cell-Cell attachement, soluble factors, intermidiate cell regulation

17
Q

Difference in niche vs outside of niche SCH cells and their differentiation

A

in an asymmetric division:

In the niche, it is the environment that determines the fate

Outside of the niche, it is the location and presentation of the cell fate factors that will determine

18
Q

thrombopoiétine (TPO):

A

joue un role primordial dans la production des mégakaryocytes et des plaquettes et intervient dans les étapes précoces de la production de globules rouges

19
Q

érythropoiétine (EPO):

A

contrôle la phase tardive de la production des érythrocytes

20
Q

Growth factor related to éosinophiles?

A

interleukine 5 (IL-5):

21
Q

Facterus de croissance qui influencent les cellules de soutien du microenvironnement (niche)

A

interleukine-1 (IL-1) and facteur de nécrose tumorale (TNF)

22
Q

allogreffe vs autogreffe

A

donation of stems cells from compatible donor vs oneself (from umbical cord)

23
Q

What is érythropoïèse, what is key about it?

A

érythropoïèse → red blood cell production

remember that the cytosquelette of RedBloodCells is specialized to be highly deformable

important so that the RBC can travel through arteries and veins

all RBC that are not flexible enough or that have issues will be macrophaged away

24
Q

What is a érythropoïèse related disease?

A

Anemia: diminution de la concentration sanguine en hémoglobine:

25
Q

What are the different ways neutrophiles can act on a inflamatory response?

A

Neutrophile of granulocytes can release their granules in two ways:
dégranulation
exocytosis

Can phagocyte bacteria

26
Q

What is the final cell that comes from le processus de la granulopoïèse?

A

Final cell will be neutrophile (band cell)

27
Q

What are Megakaryocytes ?

A

big cells that will give birth to plaquettes (from their pseudopodes)

28
Q

What is Monopoïèse?

A

Monopoïèse→ gives monocytes :

Futur macrophages résidents

29
Q

Which cell is responsible for the following: transforment l’antigène et le présente aux lymphocytes T, déclanchant une réponse immunitaire adaptative

A

monocytes, resident macrophages

30
Q

What is lymphopoïèse and principal site of it?

A

lymphopoïèse = lymphocytes B, lymphocytes T (via le thymus) et cellules natural killer (NK)

MMD1042 Module 2 (20 decks)

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