Syntax Flashcards
Phrase
Collection of words that have a grammatical relationship with each other. Are not a complete sentence.
Noun Phrase
Contains a noun and words that describe the noun
Verb Phrase
Comprises a main verb in a sentence plus any related words
Adjective Phrase
Made up of words functioning as adjectives
Adverb Phrase
Consists of an adverb or words acting as adverbs
Prepositional Phrase
Consists of preposition and objects of the preposition
Clause
Minimally consists of a subject and a verb. Can be independent or dependent.
Subject
Noun or noun phrase that takes the action indicated by the predicator
Object
Person or thing that is acted upon in a sentence
Sentence Fragment
Act as a sentence even though they aren’t a complete main clause
Simple Sentence
Sentence that contains at least two main clauses, joined by a coordinating conjunction.
Compound Sentence
Contains at least two main clauses, joined by a coordinating conjunction
Complex Sentences
Contain a single main clause and one or more subordinate clauses
Compound-Complex
Must have at least three clauses in total, with at least two main clauses and at least one subordinate clause.
Active Voice
Where the subject of a verb performs the action.
-The Zombies ate Joel
Passive Voice
Where the subject of the verb recieves the action.
-Joel was eaten by Zombies
Syntactic Patterning
Creates dramatic effect, humour, make a statement seem more persuasive, emphasise a point, create rhythm or demonstrate shared knowledge and social distance.
-Parallelism, Antithesis, listing
Parallelism
Repeitition of grammatical structures two or mores times in succession.
“work hard, stay focused”
Antithesis
Presentation of two contrasting ideas near one another in parallel structures.
“It was the best of time, it was the worst of times”
Listing
Used to present a series of related ideas, items or elements.
