Synovial Joints and Syndesmoses of the Spine

Question 1

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament is what type of joint?

Answer 1

Syndesmoses

Question 2

Where does the ALL run?

Answer 2

Anterior surfaces of vertebral bodies and IVDs

Question 3

What is the ALL called between occipital and C1?

Answer 3

Atlantooccipital membrane

Question 4

What is the ALL called between C1 and C2?

Answer 4

Atlantoaxial membrane

Question 5

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament is what type of joint?

Answer 5

Syndesmoses

Question 6

Where does the PLL lie?

Answer 6

Vertebral canal

Question 7

Where does the PLL attach?

Answer 7

Vertebral bodies and IVDs

Question 8

Where does the PLL run

Answer 8

Body of axis to the sacrum

Question 9

The PLL above C2 becomes what?

Answer 9

Tectoral membrane

Question 10

Strong fibrous cord connecting apices of spinous processes from C7 to sacrum

Answer 10

Supraspinous ligament

Question 11

Between C7 and occipital, what is the supraspinous ligament replaced by?

Answer 11

Ligamentum nuchae

Question 12

What kind of joint are the zygapophyseal joints?

Answer 12

Plane synovial joints

Question 13

Lumbar zygapophyseal joint contents

Answer 13

Fat pads or fibroadipose menisci

Question 14

Zygapophyseal innervation

Answer 14

• Medial branches of dorsal rami
• Ascending branch of nerve below
• Descending branch of nerve above

Question 15

What type of joint is ligamentum flava?

Answer 15

Segmental syndesmosis

Question 16

What is ligamentum flava composed of?

Answer 16

Yellow (flavum) elastic tissue

Question 17

Between posterior arch of atlas and foramen magnum

Answer 17

Posterior atlantooccipital membrane

Question 18

Between posterior arch of atlas and laminae of axis

Answer 18

Posterior atlantoaxial membrane

Question 19

Ligamentum flava function

Answer 19

Brake separation between laminae during flexion and spine

Question 20

What kind of joints are linterspinous ligaments?

Answer 20

Segmental syndesmoses

Question 21

Interspinous ligament function

Answer 21

Connects adjacent spinous processes along length

Question 22

What does the interspinous ligament meet anteriorly?

Answer 22

Ligamentum flava

Question 23

What does the interspinous ligament meet posteriorly?

Answer 23

Supraspinous ligament

Question 24

What is the interspinous ligament incorporated into in the cervical region?

Answer 24

Ligamentum nuchae

Question 25

Where are intertransverse ligament found?

Answer 25

Between TPs of adjacent vertebrae

Question 26

Intertransverse ligaments that are largely replaced by intertransverse muscles

Answer 26

Cervical

Question 27

Intertransverse ligaments that blend with adjacent muscles

Answer 27

Thoracic

Question 28

Intertransverse ligaments that are thin and membranous

Answer 28

Lumbar

Question 29

What kind of joint in ligamentum nuchae

Answer 29

Nonsegmental syndesmosis

Question 30

Ligamentum nuchae is homologous with what ligaments?

Answer 30

• Supraspinous
• Infraspinous

Question 31

Where does the ligamentum nuchae attach from?

Answer 31

• External occipital protuberance
• Median occipital crest
• Posterior tubercle of atlas
• Spinous processes of cervical vertebrae

Question 32

Ligamentum nuchae function

Answer 32

Passively supports head

Question 33

What type of joint are lateral atlantoaxial joints?

Answer 33

Plane, synovial

Question 34

Where are lateral atlantoaxial joints located?

Answer 34

Between lateral masses of atlas and superior facets of TP of axis