Synovial Joints and Syndesmoses of the Spine Flashcards
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament is what type of joint?
Syndesmoses
Where does the ALL run?
Anterior surfaces of vertebral bodies and IVDs
What is the ALL called between occipital and C1?
Atlantooccipital membrane
What is the ALL called between C1 and C2?
Atlantoaxial membrane
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament is what type of joint?
Syndesmoses
Where does the PLL lie?
Vertebral canal
Where does the PLL attach?
Vertebral bodies and IVDs
Where does the PLL run
Body of axis to the sacrum
The PLL above C2 becomes what?
Tectoral membrane
Strong fibrous cord connecting apices of spinous processes from C7 to sacrum
Supraspinous ligament
Between C7 and occipital, what is the supraspinous ligament replaced by?
Ligamentum nuchae
What kind of joint are the zygapophyseal joints?
Plane synovial joints
Lumbar zygapophyseal joint contents
Fat pads or fibroadipose menisci
Zygapophyseal innervation
- Medial branches of dorsal rami
- Ascending branch of nerve below
- Descending branch of nerve above
What type of joint is ligamentum flava?
Segmental syndesmosis
What is ligamentum flava composed of?
Yellow (flavum) elastic tissue
Between posterior arch of atlas and foramen magnum
Posterior atlantooccipital membrane
Between posterior arch of atlas and laminae of axis
Posterior atlantoaxial membrane
Ligamentum flava function
Brake separation between laminae during flexion and spine
What kind of joints are linterspinous ligaments?
Segmental syndesmoses
Interspinous ligament function
Connects adjacent spinous processes along length
What does the interspinous ligament meet anteriorly?
Ligamentum flava
What does the interspinous ligament meet posteriorly?
Supraspinous ligament
What is the interspinous ligament incorporated into in the cervical region?
Ligamentum nuchae
Where are intertransverse ligament found?
Between TPs of adjacent vertebrae
Intertransverse ligaments that are largely replaced by intertransverse muscles
Cervical
Intertransverse ligaments that blend with adjacent muscles
Thoracic
Intertransverse ligaments that are thin and membranous
Lumbar
What kind of joint in ligamentum nuchae
Nonsegmental syndesmosis
Ligamentum nuchae is homologous with what ligaments?
- Supraspinous
- Infraspinous
Where does the ligamentum nuchae attach from?
- External occipital protuberance
- Median occipital crest
- Posterior tubercle of atlas
- Spinous processes of cervical vertebrae
Ligamentum nuchae function
Passively supports head
What type of joint are lateral atlantoaxial joints?
Plane, synovial
Where are lateral atlantoaxial joints located?
Between lateral masses of atlas and superior facets of TP of axis
