Synonyms Flashcards
inconsistent
=in conflict with
1. If two statements, etc. are inconsistent, or one is inconsistent with the other, they cannot both be true because they give the facts in a different way
Ex: These findings are inconsistent with those of previous studies.
2. not staying the same in behaviour or quality
Ex: The teacher said that Alex’s schoolwork was very inconsistent.
in agreement with
to have the same opinion, or to have made the same decision
Ex: We are all in agreement that Mr. Ross should resign.
in conflict with
mâu thuẫn, không ăn khớp
sporadic
(=occassional)
happening only occasionally or at intervals that are not regular
Ex: sporadic fighting/gunfire/violence/outbreaks of the disease
outburst
a sudden strong expression of an emotion
Ex: He was alarmed by his violent outburst.
(an outburst of)
constraint (=restriction)
-a thing that limits something, or limits your freedom to do something
(constraints of time/money/space, financial/economic/legal/political constraints)
-constraint on something
- strict control over the way that you behave or are allowed to behave
Ex: At last we could relax and talk without constraint.
-place constraints on
Ex: Constraints on spending have forced the company to rethink its plans.
implication (=consequence)
-a possible effect or result of an action or a decision
( implication (of something) for something)
Ex: The development of the site will have implications for the surrounding countryside.
-by implication (something that is suggested or indirectly stated)
Ex: He criticized the Director and, by implication, the whole of the organization.
-implication (of somebody) (in something) the fact of being involved, or of involving somebody, in something, especially a crime
Ex: He resigned after his implication in a sex scandal.
determinant
a factor that decides whether or how something happens
Ex: Interest rates are a major determinant of currency trends.
in the belief that
-because you think that something is true
Ex: She wrote to him in the belief that he would help her.
welfare (=well-being)
-the general health, happiness and safety of a person, an animal or a group
Ex: We are concerned about the child’s welfare.
-practical or financial help that is provided, often by the government, for people or animals that need it
Ex: (child/social welfare, welfare provision/services/work)
-money that the government pays regularly to people who are poor, unemployed, sick, etc.
Ex: (on welfare) They would rather work than live on welfare.
repeal
-the act of repealing a law (= making it no longer a law)
Ex: the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846
arbitrary (=preposterous)
-(of an action, a decision, a rule, etc.) not seeming to be based on a reason, system or plan and sometimes seeming unfair
Ex: The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary.
-using power without limits and without considering other people
Ex: the arbitrary powers of officials
sensible
-(of people and their behaviour) able to make good judgements based on reason and experience rather than emotion; practical
Ex: ( sensible about something, it is sensible for somebody to do something)
-useful rather than fashionable
-aware of something
Ex: I am sensible of the fact that mathematics is not a popular subject.
rational
-(of behaviour, ideas, etc.) based on reason rather than emotions
Ex: rational argument/choice/decision/analysis/thought
-(of a person) able to think clearly and make decisions based on reason rather than emotions
unconstitutional
-not allowed by the constitution of a country, a political system or an organization
Ex: The judges declared the decision unconstitutional.
subsidiary (=additional)
-connected with something but less important than it
Ex: subsidiary information/matter/subject (= one that is not studied in as great depth as a main subject).
-(of a business company) owned or controlled by another company
specify
-to state something, especially by giving an exact measurement, time, exact instructions, etc.
Ex: Remember to specify your size when ordering clothes.
initiative (=plan)
-a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular purpose
Ex: (policy/peace/launch/support/new initiatives, initiative to do/for/by something)
The money was intended to support initiatives in bilingual education.
- the ability to decide and act on your own without waiting for somebody to tell you what to do
Ex: She did it on her own initiative (= without anyone telling her to do it).
-the power or opportunity to act and gain an advantage before other people do
Ex: seize/regain/take the initiative
-(in some states of the US) a process by which ordinary people can suggest a new law by signing a petition (a written document signed by a large number of people that asks somebody in a position of authority to do or change something)
Ex: a ballot initiative to establish a local minimum wage
-ballot: the system of voting in writing and usually in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held
provide insight into
=provide understanding of
disregard for
-the fact of showing no care or respect for something:
Ex: What amazes me is her complete disregard for anyone else’s opinion.
concern about
worry about
sympathy for
orchestrate
-to arrange a piece of music in parts so that it can be played by an orchestra
-to organize a complicated plan or event very carefully or secretly
Ex: The group is accused of orchestrating violence at demonstrations.
enormous (far-reaching)
likely to have a lot of influence or many effects
Ex: far-reaching consequences/implications/changes/reforms