Synonyms Flashcards
inconsistent
=in conflict with
1. If two statements, etc. are inconsistent, or one is inconsistent with the other, they cannot both be true because they give the facts in a different way
Ex: These findings are inconsistent with those of previous studies.
2. not staying the same in behaviour or quality
Ex: The teacher said that Alex’s schoolwork was very inconsistent.
in agreement with
to have the same opinion, or to have made the same decision
Ex: We are all in agreement that Mr. Ross should resign.
in conflict with
mâu thuẫn, không ăn khớp
sporadic
(=occassional)
happening only occasionally or at intervals that are not regular
Ex: sporadic fighting/gunfire/violence/outbreaks of the disease
outburst
a sudden strong expression of an emotion
Ex: He was alarmed by his violent outburst.
(an outburst of)
constraint (=restriction)
-a thing that limits something, or limits your freedom to do something
(constraints of time/money/space, financial/economic/legal/political constraints)
-constraint on something
- strict control over the way that you behave or are allowed to behave
Ex: At last we could relax and talk without constraint.
-place constraints on
Ex: Constraints on spending have forced the company to rethink its plans.
implication (=consequence)
-a possible effect or result of an action or a decision
( implication (of something) for something)
Ex: The development of the site will have implications for the surrounding countryside.
-by implication (something that is suggested or indirectly stated)
Ex: He criticized the Director and, by implication, the whole of the organization.
-implication (of somebody) (in something) the fact of being involved, or of involving somebody, in something, especially a crime
Ex: He resigned after his implication in a sex scandal.
determinant
a factor that decides whether or how something happens
Ex: Interest rates are a major determinant of currency trends.
in the belief that
-because you think that something is true
Ex: She wrote to him in the belief that he would help her.
welfare (=well-being)
-the general health, happiness and safety of a person, an animal or a group
Ex: We are concerned about the child’s welfare.
-practical or financial help that is provided, often by the government, for people or animals that need it
Ex: (child/social welfare, welfare provision/services/work)
-money that the government pays regularly to people who are poor, unemployed, sick, etc.
Ex: (on welfare) They would rather work than live on welfare.
repeal
-the act of repealing a law (= making it no longer a law)
Ex: the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846
arbitrary (=preposterous)
-(of an action, a decision, a rule, etc.) not seeming to be based on a reason, system or plan and sometimes seeming unfair
Ex: The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary.
-using power without limits and without considering other people
Ex: the arbitrary powers of officials
sensible
-(of people and their behaviour) able to make good judgements based on reason and experience rather than emotion; practical
Ex: ( sensible about something, it is sensible for somebody to do something)
-useful rather than fashionable
-aware of something
Ex: I am sensible of the fact that mathematics is not a popular subject.
rational
-(of behaviour, ideas, etc.) based on reason rather than emotions
Ex: rational argument/choice/decision/analysis/thought
-(of a person) able to think clearly and make decisions based on reason rather than emotions
unconstitutional
-not allowed by the constitution of a country, a political system or an organization
Ex: The judges declared the decision unconstitutional.
subsidiary (=additional)
-connected with something but less important than it
Ex: subsidiary information/matter/subject (= one that is not studied in as great depth as a main subject).
-(of a business company) owned or controlled by another company
specify
-to state something, especially by giving an exact measurement, time, exact instructions, etc.
Ex: Remember to specify your size when ordering clothes.
initiative (=plan)
-a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular purpose
Ex: (policy/peace/launch/support/new initiatives, initiative to do/for/by something)
The money was intended to support initiatives in bilingual education.
- the ability to decide and act on your own without waiting for somebody to tell you what to do
Ex: She did it on her own initiative (= without anyone telling her to do it).
-the power or opportunity to act and gain an advantage before other people do
Ex: seize/regain/take the initiative
-(in some states of the US) a process by which ordinary people can suggest a new law by signing a petition (a written document signed by a large number of people that asks somebody in a position of authority to do or change something)
Ex: a ballot initiative to establish a local minimum wage
-ballot: the system of voting in writing and usually in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held
provide insight into
=provide understanding of
disregard for
-the fact of showing no care or respect for something:
Ex: What amazes me is her complete disregard for anyone else’s opinion.
concern about
worry about
sympathy for
orchestrate
-to arrange a piece of music in parts so that it can be played by an orchestra
-to organize a complicated plan or event very carefully or secretly
Ex: The group is accused of orchestrating violence at demonstrations.
enormous (far-reaching)
likely to have a lot of influence or many effects
Ex: far-reaching consequences/implications/changes/reforms
far-fetched
-very difficult to believe
Ex: The whole story sounds very far-fetched.
far-flung
-a long distance away
Ex: expeditions to the far-flung corners of the world
-spread over a wide area
Ex: a newsletter that helps to keep all our far-flung graduates in touch
far-sighted
-having or showing an understanding of the effects in the future of actions that you take now, and being able to plan for them.
Ex: a far-sighted decision
-not able to see things that are close to you clearly
economical
=efficient
valueless
-without value or worth
Ex: Her shares in the company have become valueless.
pricey
-expensive
Ex: The menu may seem pricey, but it’s actually good value for money.
scheme
=programme ( a plan or system for doing or organizing something)
Ex: scheme for doing/to do something, under a scheme
introduce/launch/run a scheme
-an area of social housing (= houses or flats for people to rent or buy at low prices)
Ex: I’m from Glasgow and grew up in a scheme.
cement
-to make something such as an agreement or friendship stronger:
Ex: The university’s exchange scheme has cemented its links with many other academic institutions.
uncanny (=mysterious)
-strange and difficult to explain
Ex: I had an uncanny feeling I was being watched.
innate
(of a quality, feeling, etc.) that you have when you are born
Ex: He never lost his innate sense of fun.
not bat an eyelid
to show no surprise or concern when something unusual happens
Ex: She didn’t bat an eyelid when I told her my news.
classify (=categorize)
diversify
-to develop a wider range of products, interests, skills, etc. in order to be more successful or reduce risk
Ex: Farmers are being encouraged to diversify into new crops.
-to change or to make something change so that there is greater variety
Ex: Patterns of family life are diversifying.
on the ground
-in the place where something is happening and among the people who are in the situation, especially a war
Ex: On the ground, there are hopes that the fighting will soon stop.
manipulate (=control)
- to control or influence somebody/something, often in a dishonest way so that they do not realize it
Ex: (manipulate somebody into something/into doing something) They managed to manipulate us into agreeing to help.
inhibit
-to prevent something from happening or make it happen more slowly or less frequently than normal
Ex: A lack of oxygen may inhibit brain development in the unborn child.
-inhibit somebody (from something/from doing something) to make somebody nervous or embarrassed so that they are unable to do something
Ex: The managing director’s presence inhibited them from airing their problems.
denounce (=criticize)
-to strongly criticize somebody/something that you think is wrong, illegal, etc.
Ex: The project was denounced as a scandalous waste of public money.
-to tell the police, the authorities, etc. about somebody’s illegal political activities
Ex: Many people denounced their neighbours to the secret police.
scandalous
-shocking and unacceptable
-containing talk about the very bad or wrong things that people have done or are thought to have done
mediocre (=average)
-not very good; of only average standard
Ex: I thought the play was only mediocre.
moronic
very stupid
diligent
showing care and effort in your work or duties
discourtesy (=rudeness)
in the company of others
being together with someone
Ex: I felt nervous being in the company of such important people.
sneak into (=go secretly)
-to enter or leave a place quietly and secretly, with great caution
ajar
(of a door) slightly open
Ex: I’ll leave the door ajar.
well marked
(of a path, trail, landmark, etc) clearly indicated or signposted
reboard
-to get onto a boat, train, aircraft, etc. again after having got off
Ex: I was escorted off the train and forced to buy a ticket before I was allowed to reboard.
fleeting (=brief)
-lasting only a short time
Ex: fleeting glimpse/smile/visit/moment
benevolent
-(especially of people in authority) kind, helpful and generous
Ex: benevolent smile/attitude/dictatorship
-used in the names of some organizations that give help and money to people in need
virtue (=goodness)
-behaviour or attitudes that show high moral standards
Ex: She was certainly no paragon of virtue (= her moral standards were very far from perfect).
wickedness
-the fact of being morally bad; behaviour that is morally bad
Ex: He blames his problems on the world’s wickedness.
-the fact of being attractive although you know something is slightly bad or wrong
Ex: the sheer wickedness of a chocolate muffin
indecency
-behaviour that is thought to be morally or sexually offensive
Ex: He was appalled by the indecency of their songs.
barbarism
-a state of not having any education, respect for art, etc.
Ex: the long, slow descent of the Roman Empire into barbarism
-cruel or violent behaviour
Ex: the barbarism of war
spick and span
clean and tidy
at the drop of a hat
immediately; without hesitating
Ex: The company can’t expect me to move my home and family at the drop of a hat.
put on an act
-to behave or speak in a false or artificial way
Ex: He’s just putting on an act for the boss’s benefit.
get the hang of something
-to learn how to do or to use something; to understand something
Ex: It’s not difficult once you get the hang of it.
edible
fit or suitable to be eaten; not poisonous
Ex: The food at the hotel was barely edible.
substitute (=replace)
susceptible (=vulnerable)
-very likely to be influenced, harmed or affected by something
Ex: He’s highly susceptible to flattery.
-susceptible (of something) (formal): allowing something; capable of something
Ex: Is this situation not susceptible of improvement by legislation?
the apple of one’s eye
the person someone loves the most
take the initiative
-to be the first one to do something, esp. to solve a problem:
Ex: Don’t be afraid to take the initiative and say what you think.
unparalleled (=incomparable)
-used to emphasize that something is bigger, better or worse than anything else like it
Ex: It was an unparalleled opportunity to develop her career.
compatible
-(of machines, especially computers, or software) able to be used together
Ex: The new system will be compatible with existing equipment.
-(of ideas, methods or things) able to exist or be used together without causing problems
Ex: Are measures to protect the environment compatible with economic growth?
-if two people are compatible, they can have a good relationship because they have similar ideas, interests, etc.
Ex: She found a compatible partner through a computer dating agency.
inconclusive
-not leading to a definite decision or result
Ex: inconclusive evidence/results/tests/conclusion
make out (=understand)
-used to ask if somebody managed well or was successful in a particular situation
Ex: How did he make out while his wife was away?
-to manage to see somebody/something or read or hear something
Ex: I could just make out a figure in the darkness.
-to say that something is true when it may not be
Ex: She’s not as rich as people make out.
-to write out or complete a form or document
Ex: He made out a cheque for €100.
synthesis (=combination)
-the act of combining separate ideas, beliefs, styles, etc.; a mixture or combination of ideas, beliefs, styles, etc.
Ex: synthesis of A with/and B
- the natural chemical production of a substance in animals and plants
- the artificial production of a substance that is present naturally in animals and plants
-the production of sounds, music or speech by electronic means
uphold (=support)
-to support something that you think is right and make sure that it continues to exist
Ex: We have a duty to uphold the law.
- to agree that a previous decision was correct or that a request is reasonable
Ex: to uphold a conviction/an appeal/a complaint
penalize (=punish)
- to punish somebody for breaking a rule or law by making them suffer a disadvantage
Ex: You will be penalized for poor spelling.
He was penalized for time-wasting.
-to put somebody at a disadvantage by treating them unfairly
Ex: The new law appears to penalize the poorest members of society.
foul
done against the rules of a sport
Ex: Harper was penalized for a foul tackle.
wholesale
in large quantities, especially so they can be sold again to make a profit
Ex: We buy the building materials wholesale.
uphill
-sloping upwards
Ex: an uphill climb/slope
-uphill battle, struggle, task, etc: an argument or a struggle that is difficult to win and takes a lot of effort over a long period of time
Ex: He faces an uphill struggle to be fit in time for the championships.
role model
someone that others admire and follow
universal (=shared)
-one by or involving all the people in the world or in a particular group
Ex: Such problems are a universal feature of old age.
universal suffrage (= the right of all the people in a country to vote)
-true or right at all times and in all places
Ex: universal facts about human nature
be entitled to
-to give someone the right to do or have something
Ex: Being unemployed entitles you to free medical treatment.
commercials (=advertisements)
in striking contrast to/with
very different from
Ex: The warm, indirect light produced by the mirror creates a striking contrast to the rather cool concrete/glass architecture.
advocate
-a person who supports or speaks in favour of somebody or of a public plan or action
Ex: advocate for/of something/somebody
-to publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of doing something
Ex: She advocates taking a more long-term view.
escalation of tension
worsen the situation
hazardous
-involving risk or danger, especially to somebody’s health or safety
Ex: a list of products that are potentially hazardous to health
bridge the gap/gulf/divide (between A and B)
-to reduce or get rid of the differences that exist between two things or groups of people
Ex: The new degree course aims to bridge the gulf between education and industry.
upland
an area of high land that is not near the coast
in its infancy
-something that is in its infancy has only just started to develop
Ex: Tourism on the island is still very much in its infancy.
underway
in progress (beginning to exist or is happening now)
Ex: Economic recovery is already under way.
single-handed
done on your own with nobody helping you
scourge (of somebody/something)
=affliction (a person or thing that causes trouble, difficulty or mental pain)
dazzle
-to impress somebody a lot with your beauty, skill, etc.
-if a strong light dazzles you, it is so bright that you cannot see for a short time
be confined to somewhere/something
=restricted to (to exist only in a particular area or group of people)
fragmentary
made of small parts that are not connected or complete
depict
=represent
deform
to change or damage the usual or natural shape of something; to become changed in shape
by the advent of
=by the arrival of: the time when a new idea, product etc is first used or discovered
sensorimotor
Sensorimotor stage typically takes place within the first two years of a child’s life. It is marked by the child discovering the difference between themselves and their environment. At that point, they will use their senses to learn things about both themselves and their environment.
primitive
=basic
proximal
located towards the centre of the body
conclusive
=definite (proving something in a way that is certain and allows no doubt)
impacted
An impacted tooth cannot grow in the right way, usually because it is growing against another tooth below the gum.
plethora
=excess (an amount that is greater than is needed or can be used)
sediment
-the solid material that settles at the bottom of a liquid
- sand, stones, mud, etc. carried by water or wind and left, for example, on the bottom of a lake, river, etc.
extract
=remove
biochemist
a scientist who studies the chemistry of living things
strive
=try (to try very hard to achieve something)
-strive for/against/towards/after/to do something
scurvy
a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C from not eating enough fruit and vegetables
pellagra
a disease caused by eating food that lacks certain nutrients (= substances important for health) that leads to problems with the skin, digestive system and brain
rickets
a disease of children caused by a lack of good food that makes the bones become soft and badly formed, especially in the legs
beriberi
a disease that affects the nerves and heart, caused by a lack of vitamin B
blow one’s top
=lose one’s temper
legitimate
-allowed and acceptable according to the law
-born when its parents are legally married to each other
endeavour
an attempt to do something, especially something new or difficult
- in an endeavour to do something
sunken
=underwater
hollow
having a hole or empty space inside
courtship
- the time when two people have a romantic relationship before they get married; the process of developing this relationship
-the special way animals behave in order to attract a mate (= sexual partner)
-courtship (of somebody/something) (formal) the process or act of attracting a business partner, etc.
perilous
=dangerous (very dangerous)
peculiar
-strange or unusual, especially in a way that is unpleasant or makes you worried
-peculiar (to somebody/something) belonging or relating to one particular place, situation, person, etc., and not to others
predispose somebody to something
-incline (to influence somebody so that they are likely to think or behave in a particular way)
-to make it likely that you will have a particular illness or condition
in mint condition
new or as good as new; in perfect condition
emission
=release
nurture
=foster
acupuncture
a method of treating pain and illness using special thin needles that are pushed into the skin in particular parts of the body
devote
=dedicate
versatile
=flexible (able to do many different things, having many different uses)
favourable
=suitable
come across
=run into (to meet or find somebody/something by chance)
-come across (with something): to provide or supply something when you need it
-to be understood
-to make a particular impression
run up
-to allow a bill, debt, etc. to reach a large total
-to make a piece of clothing quickly, especially by sewing
-to raise something, especially a flag
run down
-to lose power or stop working
-to gradually stop functioning or become smaller in size or number
- to hit somebody/something and knock them/it to the ground
-to criticize somebody/something in an unkind way
run out
-if a supply of something runs out, it is used up or finished
-if an agreement or a document runs out, it no longer has any legal force
diversity
=variety
air
=broadcast
hands-on
=practical
warn
=caution (caution someone against something)
well-being
=quality of life, welfare
breakthrough
-dramatic development
digital
=computer-based
predict
=forecast
be in charge of
=supervise (responsible for something or someone)
be on first-name terms/basis with everyone
-(of two people) knowing each other well enough to call each other by their first names, rather than having to use a more formal title
be made redundant
=lay off: used to tell somebody to stop doing something, to stop using something, to stop employing somebody because there is not enough work for them to do
sack
-to dismiss somebody from a job
-to destroy things and steal property in a town or building
fire
to remove someone from their job, either because they have done something wrong or badly, or as a way of saving the cost of employing them
-fire someone from
blue-collar
=manual (connected with people who do physical work in industry)
stay up-to-date
=get latest information
conservative
=traditional
daunting
= intimidating for/to somebody (frightening in a way that makes a person feel less confident)
discriminate against
=judge
expel
-to officially make somebody leave a school or an organization
indiscretion
-an act or remark that reveals something secret or that could be embarrassing or offensive
virtuoso
=ace (a person who shows very great skill at doing something, especially playing a musical instrument)
bewilder
=puzzle (to confuse somebody)
unconscious
=drunk
give sb a chance
=give sb an appointment
get clear
=figure out
banish
-to order somebody to leave a place, especially a country, as a punishment
- to make somebody/something go away; to get rid of somebody/something
decide not to go
=cop out of something: to avoid or stop doing something that you should do because you are afraid, lazy, etc.
throw out
-to force somebody to leave a place
-to say something in a way that suggests you have not given it a lot of thought
-to decide not to accept a proposal, an idea, etc.
- to get rid of something that you no longer want
to produce smoke, light, heat, etc.
throw the book at someone
-give someone a harsh sentence (to severely punish someone)
miss one’s guess
=make a mistake (To make an incorrect or inaccurate guess; to assume or predict wrongly)
dependable
=reliable
at sea with
confused
at sea with
confused
on purpose
=intentionally
speak one’s mind
to say frankly what one means or thinks
spring up
=burst forth (to start to exist suddenly)
vigorously
in a way that is very active, determined or full of energy
incredulous
=skeptical (not willing or not able to believe something; showing a lack of ability to believe something)
big fish
an important person of an organization
come out
-when the sun, moon or stars come out, they appear
-(of flowers) to bloom
-to be produced or published
-(of news, the truth, etc.) to become known
-to say publicly whether you agree or disagree with something
-if a photograph taken on film comes out, it is a clear picture when it is developed and printed
come over
- to suddenly feel something
-to be understood
-to make a particular impression
-to come to a place, especially somebody’s house, in order to visit for a short time
-to change from one side, opinion, etc. to another
-to affect somebody
come off
-to be able to be removed
-to take place; to happen
-(of a plan, etc.) to be successful; to have the intended effect or result
-to fall from something
-to become separated from something
- to stop taking medicine, a drug, alcohol, etc.
come up
-(of plants) to appear above the soil
-(of the sun) to rise
-to happen
-to be mentioned or discussed
-to be going to happen, arrive or be ready soon
-to be dealt with by a court
-to come from one place to another, especially from the south of a country to the north or from a smaller place to a larger one
conspicuous
easy to see or notice; likely to attract attention
be home and dry
to have successfully finished something
decipher
-to convert something written in code into normal language
-to succeed in finding the meaning of something that is difficult to read or understand
cuneiform
an ancient system of writing used in Persia and Assyria
fortuitous
happening by chance, especially a lucky chance that brings a good result
inscription
words written in the front of a book or cut in stone or metal
thwart
to prevent somebody from doing what they want to do
thwarted
=frustrated
hieroglyphic
using hieroglyphs (= pictures or symbols, representing a word, syllable or sound, especially as used in ancient Egyptian and other writing systems)
decode
-to convert something written in code into normal language
-to find the meaning of something that is difficult to understand
-to receive an electronic signal and change it into a different form, for example pictures that can be shown on a television screen
compulsory
=mandatory
constructive
having a useful and helpful effect rather than being negative or with no purpose
flourish
grow well
take off
-to leave the ground and begin to fly
- to leave a place, especially in a hurry
-(of an idea, a product, etc.) to become successful or popular very quickly or suddenly
-to make somebody stop playing, acting, etc. and leave the field or the stage
-to remove something, especially a piece of clothing from your/somebody’s body
close down
-if a radio or television station closes down, it stops broadcasting at the end of the day
-if a company, shop, etc. closes down, or if you close it down, it stops operating as a business
drift apart
-to become less friendly or close to somebody
get the better of somebody/something
-to defeat somebody/something or gain an advantage
make someone up
compensate for someone
deluxe
of a higher quality and more expensive than usual
soar
if the value, amount or level of something soars, it rises very quickly
demolish
=tear down
tear up
-to make somebody feel very unhappy or worried
-to destroy or defeat somebody/something completely or criticize them or it severely
-to destroy a document, etc. by tearing it into pieces
hold good/ true
-to continue to be true
ostentatious
=showy (showing your wealth or status in a way that is intended to impress people)
make a difference
=cause a change
drive someone to the edge
to drive someone almost insane, irritate someone
wipe out
to destroy or remove somebody/something completely
raid
a short surprise attack on an enemy by soldiers, ships or aircraft
a surprise visit by the police looking for criminals or for illegal goods or drugs
attributed to
=credited to
be glued to something
to be unable to stop watching something
optical
-relating to light or the ability to see
-relating to the ability of a piece of electronic equipment to recognize printed or written letters or numbers
optical fibre
Sợi quang học
fiberscope
là các sản phẩm nội soi mềm dẻo sử dụng các sợi thủy tinh để truyền hình ảnh tới mắt của người thực hiện kiểm tra
resolution
=sharpness ( a definite decision to do or not to do something)
efficiency
-the quality of doing something well with no waste of time or money
- the relationship between the amount of energy that goes into a machine or an engine, and the amount that it produces
blow one’s own trumpet
to tell everyone proudly about your achievements
hold your peace/tongue
to say nothing although you would like to give your opinion
pull somebody’s leg
to play a joke on somebody, usually by making them believe something that is not true
jovial
very cheerful and friendly
revolting
extremely unpleasant
better off
to have more money, more economically comfortable
pertinent
appropriate to a particular situation
Thích hợp, đi thẳng vào vấn đề
impulsive
(of people or their behaviour) acting suddenly without thinking carefully about what might happen because of what you are doing
hold someone/something dear
to feel that someone or something is very important to you
see to it that
to make sure that…
Ex: Can you see to it that the email goes out this afternoon?
with respect to=in respect of
concerning, in relation to
embark on/upon something
to start to do something new or difficult, (=start out on_
affiliate with
to link a group, a company or an organization very closely with another, larger one (=associated with)
adjacent to
close to
take a chance (on something)
to decide to do something, knowing that it might be the wrong choice, take the risk
inferior to
not good, or not as good as someone or something else
show someone the door
to make it obvious that you do not want someone to be present and that they should leave
prior to
happening or existing before something else or before a particular time
behind the eight ball
in a difficult situation or in a worse situation than other people
on cloud nine
extremely happy
have a soft spot for someone
to feel that you like someone very much
sit on the fence
to avoid becoming involved in deciding or influencing something
call it a day
to decide or agree to stop doing something
call in
to phone a place, especially the place where you work
out of hand
-difficult or impossible to control
-if you reject, etc. something out of hand, you do so immediately without thinking about it fully or listening to other people’s arguments
lose one’s touch
If you lose your touch, you can no longer do something as well as you could before
(be) up in arms (about/over something)
(of a group of people) to be very angry about something and ready to protest strongly about it
provoke
to cause a particular reaction or have a particular effect
to say or do something that you know will annoy somebody so that they react in an angry way
appease
-to make somebody calmer or less angry by giving them what they want
-to give a country what it wants in order to avoid war
keep someone at bay
-to prevent someone from moving closer
-to control something and prevent it from causing you problems
fall through
to not be completed, or not happen, fail
bring about
to make something happen, cause
carry out
-to do something that you have said you will do or have been asked to do
-to do and complete a task
come up against
to be faced with or opposed by somebody/something
alluring
attractive and exciting in a mysterious way
contemplate
- to think about whether you should do something, or how you should do something
-to think carefully about and accept the possibility of something happening
drive at
=insinuate: to suggest indirectly that something unpleasant is true
to succeed in gaining somebody’s respect, trust, etc. so that you can use the situation to your own advantage
fall back on
to go to somebody for support; to have something to use when you are in difficulty
give off
to produce something such as a smell, heat, light, etc.
knock down
=demolish
disassemble
-to take apart a machine or structure so that it is in separate pieces
-to translate something from computer code into a language that can be read by humans
make up for
-to do something that corrects a bad situation
-to do something for somebody or give them something because you have disappointed them or caused them trouble and wish to show that you are sorry
=compensate for
put sth down to sth
=attributed to (to consider that something is caused by something)
diplomatic
-connected with managing relations between countries
-having or showing skill in dealing with people in difficult situations (=tactful)
outspoken
-saying exactly what you think, even if this shocks or offends people
stern
-serious and often showing that you do not approve of somebody/something; expecting somebody to obey you
adverse
=unfavorable (negative and unpleasant; not likely to produce a good result)
affluent
=wealthy (having a lot of money and a good standard of living)
ambiguous
=vague (that can be understood in more than one way; having different meanings)/not clearly stated or defined
indigenous
=native ((of people and their culture) coming from a particular place and having lived there for a long time before other people came there; relating to, belonging to or developed by these people)
enticed
-to persuade somebody/something to go somewhere or to do something, usually by offering them something
catastrophic
-(of a natural event) causing many people to suffer
-causing a lot of problems for people
=disastrous
renowned
=celebrated (famous and respected)
intricate
=complex (having a lot of different parts and small details that fit together)
courageous
=plucky (having a lot of courage; being very determined)
coward
a person who is not brave or who does not have the courage to do things that other people do not think are especially difficult
ill-considered
not carefully thought about or planned
deceptive
=misleading (likely to make you believe something that is not true)
lick
to move your tongue over the surface of something in order to eat it, make it wet or clean it
suck
to take liquid, air, etc. into your mouth by using the muscles of your lips
Crash down
to fall down or collapse, often noisily
knock somebody down (from something) (to something)
to persuade somebody to reduce the price of something
knock somebody down/over
to hit somebody and make them fall to the ground
knock something down
to destroy a building by breaking its walls
knock something down (from something) (to something)
to reduce the price of something
turn over
-to change position so that the other side is facing towards the outside or the top
-(of an engine) to start or to continue to run
-to change to another channel when you are watching television
turn over something
to do business worth a particular amount of money in a particular period of time
turn something over
-to make something change position so that the other side is facing towards the outside or the top
-to think about something carefully
-(of a shop) to sell goods and replace them
-to steal from a place
-to make an engine start running
run across somebody/something
to meet somebody or find something by chance
put someone through something
-to make someone experience something unpleasant or difficult
-to connect a person using a phone to the person they want to speak to
this side of something
before reaching a particular age, date, place, etc
between here and the place mentioned
out of sight, out of mind
used to say somebody will quickly be forgotten when they are no longer with you
be/get/run/etc. out of control
to be or become impossible to manage or to control
out of date
-old-fashioned or without the most recent information and therefore no longer useful
-no longer current or legally acceptable
out of the question
impossible or not allowed and therefore not worth discussing
chase down
-to follow and catch
-to search for and find
fall out of
to become no longer generally liked by people : to become unpopular
fall down
to be shown to be not true or not good enough
fall over
-(of a computer or program) to stop working suddenly
-to hit your foot against something/somebody when you are walking and fall, or almost fall
priest
a person who is qualified to perform religious duties and ceremonies in the Roman Catholic, Anglican and Orthodox Churches
come on
-tell somebody to hurry or to try harder
- to walk onto the stage
-to join a team during a game
-to improve or develop in the way you want
-to show that you know what somebody has said is not correct
-(of an illness or a mood) to begin
-(of a TV programme, etc.) to start
-to begin to operate
-to meet or find somebody/something by chance (come on/upon sb/sth)
ring out
to be heard loudly and clearly
go off
-to leave a place, especially in order to do something
-to be fired; to explode
-if an alarm, etc. goes off, it makes a sudden loud noise
-if a light, the electricity, etc. goes off, it stops working
-to go to sleep
- to get worse in quality (food)
-to happen in a particular way
-to stop liking somebody/something or lose interest in them/it
turn on
-to attack somebody suddenly and unexpectedly
-to depend on something
-to have something as its main topic
-to make somebody excited or interested, especially sexually
-to start the flow of electricity, gas, water, etc. by moving a switch, button, etc.
put somebody up
-to let somebody stay at your home
-to suggest or present somebody as a candidate for a job or position
repayment
-a sum of money that you pay regularly to a bank, etc. until you have returned all the money that you owe
-the act of paying back money that you have borrowed from a bank, etc.
reward
a thing that you are given because you have done something good, worked hard, etc.
unmarked
-without a sign or words to show what or where something is
-(of a player in a team game, especially football (soccer)) with no player from the other team staying close to prevent them from getting the ball
-(of a word or form of a word) not showing any particular feature or style, such as being formal or informal
faultless
having no mistakes
in-store
within a large shop
in order
(of an official document) that can be used because it is all correct and legal
in short supply
not existing in large enough quantities to satisfy demand
in stock
(of goods) available for immediate sale in a store.
do away with
-to kill somebody/yourself
-to stop doing or having something; to make something end
get away with
-to steal something and escape with it
-to receive a relatively light punishment
-to do something wrong and not be punished for it
pay something out
to pay a large sum of money for something
crash
-to hit something, often making a loud noise or causing damage
-to suddenly fall to a low level
smash
-to break something, or to be broken, violently and noisily into many pieces
-to move with a lot of force against something solid; to make something do this
ahead of
-further forward in space or time than somebody/something; in front of somebody/something
-earlier than somebody/something
-further advanced than somebody/something; in front of somebody, for example in a race or competition
pass by
-to go past
-to happen without affecting somebody/something
overtake
-to go past a moving vehicle or person ahead of you because you are going faster than they are
-to become greater in number, amount or importance than something else
- if something unpleasant overtakes a person, it unexpectedly starts to happen and to affect them
take over
-to become bigger or more important than something else; to replace something
-to begin to have control of or responsibility for something, especially in place of somebody else
-to gain control of a political party, a country, etc.
pass-along
relating to people who do not buy a newspaper or magazine themselves, but read a copy after the buyer has finished with it
out of work
unemployed
