B2 (Unit 12) Flashcards
proof
information, documents, etc. that show that something is true
(conclusive/definitive/scientific/further/concrete (= definite) proof, require/need proof, proof positive, burden of proof, standard of proof)
-proof of something
-proof (that)…
-proof against
evidence
-facts, statements, objects that help to prove whether someone has committed a crime
(clear scientific evidence, body of evidence, not a shred of evidence, empirical/anecdotal/ circumstantial/documentary/Fresh/ forensic/All the/growing/mounting/increasing/false/conflicting evidence, evidence to the contrary, give/provide/present/consider/examine/hear /admit/allow/accept evidence , pieces of evidence, lack of evidence)
-evidence (of something)
-evidence for something
-evidence that…
-evidence to suggest, support, show, etc.
-on the evidence of something
-evidence against somebody
-as evidence of something
-in evidence
suspect
- to have an idea that something is probably true or likely to happen, especially something bad, but without having definite proof
(strongly suspect, begin to suspect, reason to suspect, suspect of any involvement, suspected of the crime, suspect fraud/dishonesty/foul play)
-suspect something
-suspect (that)…
-it is suspected that…
-suspect somebody/something to be/have something
-suspect somebody/something of something
-suspect not/so
-suspect so with N/V.ing: cảnh sát
arrest
- if the police arrest somebody, the person is taken to a police station and kept there because the police believe they may be guilty of a crime
(arrested in connection with , arrested on suspicion of, arrested and charged, get arrested, arrested his attention, placed/put under arrest)
-arrest somebody
-arrest somebody for something
charge
-an official claim made by the police that somebody has committed a crime
(criminal charges, murder/an assault charge, to face a charge of , deny/drop the charges, leave yourself open to charges, on a charge of, bring a charge of sth against sb, trumped-up (= false) charge, laid/left sb open to the charge of)
-charge of something
-charge against somebody/something
-without charge
-charge sb with sth
-the amount of money that somebody asks for goods and services
(charge for something, free of charge, make/impose/incur a charge, small/nominal/high charge, charge of)
suspect
-a person believed to have committed a crime or done something wrong, or something believed to have caused something bad
(chief/key/prime suspect)
the accused
-someone who is accused of a crime in court of law
decision
-a choice or judgement that you make after thinking and talking about
(make right decision, final/big/difficult/tough/hard /informed/ decision, come to/reach/appeal/reverse/overturn a decision)
-decision on/about something
- decision to do something
verdict
-an official judgement made in court or at an inquest (= an official investigation into somebody’s death)
(reached/returned/recorded a verdict, verdict on something/somebody, give their verdict, unanimous verdict, verdict of guilty/not guilty, verdict against/for sb, majority/unanimous verdict, deliver/give/issue your verdict on sth)
commit
- to do something wrong or illegal
( commit a crime/an offence/a foul/murder/fraud/adultery/ an act/an error/a sin/ atrocities/felony, conspiracy to commit) - commit somebody
-committed for/to
break
-to do something that is against the law; to not keep a promise, etc.
(break the law/rules, break a promise/an agreement/a contract/your word/appointment/the speed limit/ broke her promise/word)
rule
-a statement of what may, must or must not be done in a particular situation or when playing a game
(strict rules, follow/obey/break/violate/enforce/apply/change/observe/bend/stretch/ a rule, rules and regulations, unwritten rules, rules of procedure/conduct , rules governing, basic rules, colonial/majority rule
law
a rule, usually made by a government, that is used to order the way in society
(break/obey/respect/uphold/enforce/disobey/violate/go into/practise/study law, civil/criminal/ federal/state/tax/anti-trust/environmental/international/civil/common/labour/tax/employment/company/intellectual property/contract/copyright/corporate law, the laws of physics/science/economics, law firm/practice/school /degree/graduate/professor)
- law against (doing) something
- law on/governing something
-within/outside/by/above/under/ the law
-in accordance with the law
- equality before the law
- according to… law
-a law requires/states/allows/forbids/prohibits sth
-
justice
fairness in the way people are dealt with
( social/seek/sense of/natural/ criminal/administration/obstruction of/obstruct/do/bring/local/international/social/racial justice, pervert/obstruct the course of justice, miscarriage of justice, justice system)
-justice for sb
right
what is considered to be morally good or acceptable, your opportunity to act and to be treated in particular ways that the law promises to protect for the benefit of society
( the right thing, seem/feel/quite/only right, civil/human rights,
- right to do something
- it’s right to do something
-it’s right that…
judge
a person in a court who has the authority to decide how criminals should be punished or to make legal decisions
( High Court/federal/district /trial/ appoint a/before/good/ judge, judge rule/decision/Supreme Court, panel of judges)
-Let me be the judge of that
jury
a group of members of the public who listen to the facts of a case in a court and decide whether or not somebody is guilty of a crime, or whether a claim has been proved
(members of the jury, be/sit/serve on/by a jury, a trial by jury/a jury trial, the jury’s verdict, jury awarded/heard, a jury acquits/convicts/deliberates)
prosecute
to officially accuse someone of committing a crime in a law court, or (of a lawyer) to try to prove that a person accused of committing a crime is guilty of that crime
( prosecuting counsel/lawyer/attorney, prosecute a case/lawsuit)
-prosecute somebody/something
-prosecute somebody/something for (doing) something
persecute
to treat somebody in a cruel and unfair way, especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs
-persecute somebody (for something)
-persecute somebody
capital punishment = death sentence = death penalty
punishment by death
corporal punishment
the physical punishment of people, especially by hitting them with hand or stick
robber
-a person who steals money or property from a person or place, especially using violence or threats
(bank robber)
(danh từ miêu tả những kẻ dùng hành vi bạo lực, đe doạ, gây thương tích cho người khác để lấy đi tài sản.)
armed, masked | bank, train | grave, tomb/band, gang/ catch/hold sb/sth up/ snatch sth, steal sth, take sth | escape with sth, get away with sth, make off with sth/attempted, bungled, failed | armed | bank, highway, street/commit, take part in/attempt/robbery with violence/
burglar
a person who enters a building illegally in order to steal
(danh từ dùng để nói về kẻ trộm với hình thức là đột nhập (đột nhập vào các căn nhà, các toà nhà lớn) để lấy đi các đồ đạc có giá trị và không xảy ra các hành vi bạo lực. Tuy nhiên điều đặc biệt là burglar chỉ được dùng để nói đến các hành vi đột nhập ăn trộm xảy ra vào thời điểm đêm tối)
professional | cat | suspected/hunt/ catch/break in/steal sth | strike/alarm/attempted | aggravated/happen, take place/house/
thief
a person who steals something from another person or place
(car/jewel/would-be/common, petty | professional | casual, opportunist | sneak | car, jewel thief, gang of thieves, Thieves stole , petty thief, catch/snatch/steal sth, escape with sth, get away with sth, make off with sth | break in | strike
(danh từ dùng để nói về kẻ trộm cắp, hành vi trộm cắp này mang tính lén lút, không có bạo lực xảy ra, thông thường khi người bị lấy cắp mất đồ họ không nhận ra - được dùng để miêu tả các hành vi trộm cắp tại mọi thời điểm trong ngày.