symptoms of heart disease Flashcards
ventricular septal defect [VSD]
most common
volume of right ventricle increase
pulmonary hypertension
ventricular dysfunction
risk of arrhythmia
arterial septal defect [asd]
pneumonia
exercise intolerance
no auto closing
aortic stenosis
common valvular disease that lead to left ventricular flow obstruction
pulmonary stenosis
disease in which pulmonary valve hardens and its flow is disturbed
acquired heart diseases
coronary artery disease
hypertensive heart disease
cardiomyopathies
metabolic heart diseases
peripheral artery disease
coronary artery disease
condition in which there is insufficient blood and oxygen supply in myocardium
hypertensive heart disease
repeated measurement of arterial blood pressure higher than 140/90mmHg
cardiomyopathies
group of disease of myocardium associated with
dilated
hypertrophic
restrictive
idiopathic
metabolic heart diseases
diseases characterized by
insulin resistance
glucose intolerance
dyslipidemia
hypertension
obesity
metabolic heart diseases can cause
coronary artery disease
stroke
peripheral artery disease
chronic and progressive disruptive of artery blood circulation of lower extremities due to systemic atherosclerosis
heart failure according to starting of symptoms
chronic
acute
heart failure according to amount of cardiac output
high rate
low rate
HF according to ventricle involved
right
left
symptoms of HF
syncope
palpitations
dyspnea
cyanosis*
angina pectoris
edema
Raynaud’s phenomenon*
nocturnal
cough
insomnia
fatigue
syncope
temporary loss of consciousness
types of syncope
reflex
orthostatic
cardiac
palpitation
sensation of movements
what we observe with palpitation
arrhythmia
HF
MI
heart valve disease
dyspnea
shortness of breath
what causes dyspnea
tightness in chest
air starvation
orthopnea
shortness of breath in supine position
orthopnea is due to
advance heart failure
pulmonary edema
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea [PND]
feeling of shortness of breath that wakes the patients after 1 or 2 hours of sleep and relaxes in an upright position
-interstitial pulmonary edema
cyanosis
abnormal bluish discoloration
types of cyanosis
central
peripheral
central cyanosis
arterial desaturation
skin
mucous membranes
nail beds
lips
tongue
peripheral cyanosis
when oxygen intake decrease in peripheral tissues
for extremities only
Raynaud’s phenomenon
whitening due to arterial vasocontraction
pain and numbness
clubbing
thickening of the base of the fingers
angina pectoralis
chest pain
pain or burning
may radiates from arms downward to the neck jaw and back
intermittent claudication
lower extremities pain that occurs with exercises and pass with rest
this is an important symptom of chronic arterial insufficiency
contraindication for cardiac rehabilitation
unstable angina pectorals
orthostatic hypotension
critical aortic stenosis
acute systemic disease or fever
uncompensated HF
new embolism
uncontrolled diabetes
what do we assess with chest pain
ischemic cardiac
non ischemic
non cardiac [esophageal]
types of ischemic cardiac diseases
stable angina and unstable angina
stable angina
occurs slowly
with activities or stress
quickly disappear with rest and use of drug
unstable angina
occurs suddenly
no apparent reason
progressively worsen
show severe coronary diseases
early sign of acute MI
dyspnea scale
borg scale/angina scale
where heart rate is palpated
radial
brachial
temporary
carotid
posterior tibial
femoral artery
hole formed in edema patients is called
Gode symptom
Homans symptom
deep venous thrombosis
calf pain with dorsiflexion
capillary filling test
circulation adequacy
ECG results for acute MI
- ST segment elevation
-ST segment depression - inverse T wave
-formation of new Q wave
Holter ECG
for monitoring arrhythmia
Echocardiography test
condition of heart valve
ways that cardiopulmonary exercise test can be applied
bicycle ergometer
arm ergometer
treadmill
field tests
6 minutes walking tests
stair climbing test.
shuttle walking test
what do we assess in 6MWT
functional capacity
exercise tolerance
congestive heart failure
uses of stair climbing test
post op risk assessment for thoracic surgery patients
shuttle walking test
incremental shuttle walking test= symptoms limited maximal exercise test
