restrictive lung disease Flashcards
what are restrictive lung diseases
diseases that restrict the expansion of lungs due to internal and external reasons
atelectasis
collapse, airlessness and shrinkage of part or all of the lung tissue
symptoms of atelectasis
severe persistent cough
sudden shortness of breath
pain
fever
hypotension
increased heart rate
causes of atelectasis
anesthesia
lung disease
mucus
prolonged bed rest
tumors blocking airway.
pleural effusion
pleural diseases
pneumothorax
hemothorax
pleural effusion
pneumothorax
collection of air in pleural space
atelectasis can occur
pleural effusion
fluid accumulation in pleural space
hemothorax
blood accumulation in pleural space
pneumonia
acute inflammation of alveolar space
types of pneumonia
bronchopneumonia
lobar pneumonia
bacterial/viral
community or hospital origin
pulmonary edema
fluid accumulation in the alveolar sacs
inspiratory muscles weakness
decreased vital capacity
decreased compliance
increase work of breathing
dyspnea
respiratory failure
expiratory muscles weakness
weak cough
impairment in airway
increased airway resistance
increase in RV
decrease in ERV
restrictive ventilation disorders symptoms
- Vital capacity (VC) ↓
- Functional residual capacity (FRC) ↓
- Total lung capacity (TLC) ↓
- Lung compliance ↓
- Alveolar-arterial O2 difference (A-a)PO2
↓ - Gas distribution deterioration
- Diffusion capacity (DLCO) ↓
causes of restrictive disorders
Interstitial lung diseases
Chest wall diseases
Pleural diseases
Space-occupying lesions (tumors, cysts)
Atelectasis
Non-thoracic causes (obesity, pregnancy)
