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RENAL II Exam 1 > Sympathomimetics > Flashcards

Sympathomimetics Flashcards

1
Q

constriction of blood vessels

A

alpha 1

lesser extent alpha 2

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2
Q

mydriasis

A

alpha 1

  • iris radial muscle
  • dilation of pupil
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3
Q

contraction of spleen

A

alpha 1

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4
Q

contraction of uterus

A

alpha 1

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5
Q

constrict sphincter of bladder

A

alpha 1

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6
Q

liver glycogenolysis

A

alpha 1

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7
Q

ejaculation

A

alpha 1

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8
Q

insulin release inhibition

A

alpha 2

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9
Q

relax intestinal smooth muscle

A

alpha 2

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10
Q

increased contraction and rate of heart

A

beta 1

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11
Q

increased renin release

A

beta 1

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12
Q

relax bronchioles

A

beta 2

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13
Q

relax uterus

A

beta 2

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14
Q

relax vascular smooth m in certain blood vessels - skeletal m, coronaries, mesenteric

A

beta 2

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15
Q

glycogenolysis

A

beta 2

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16
Q

lipolysis

A

beta 1

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17
Q

insulin release stimulation

A

beta 2

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18
Q

relax detrusor muscle

A

beta 2

to store urine

voiding - contracts

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19
Q

relax intestinal smooth m

A

beta 2

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20
Q

structure of catecholamines

A

catechol and ethylamine with different side groups

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21
Q

tyramine

A

catecholamine releasing agent

blocked by cocaine

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22
Q

action of beta receptors

A

stimulate adenylyl cyclase

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23
Q

action of alpha receptors

A

inhibit adenylyl cyclase

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24
Q

action of epinephrine

A

increase heart rate and contractility

low dose - beta 2 skeletal m vessel relaxation
high dose - alpha 1 skeletal m vessel constriction

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25
Q

epinephrine on pancreas

A

alpha 2 > beta 2

-block release of insulin

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26
Q

prolonged local anesthetics

A

when mixed with epinephrine

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27
Q

anaphylactic shock

A

treat with IM injection of epinephrine

efficacy on alpha 1 and beta 2 receptors

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28
Q

contraindications for epinephrine

A 
HTN
shock
hyperthyroid
angina pectoris
asthmatics with degenerative heart disease
29
Q

vasculature alpha vs. beta

A

beta 2 - relax

alpha 1 - constrict

30
Q

beta receptor antagonists in eye

A

decrease aqueous humor production

31
Q

alpha receptor agonists in eye

A

mydriasis

also - increase aqueous humor outflow

32
Q

CV and epinephrine

A

beta1, beta2, alpha effects

increased systolic (beta1)

decreased TPR and decreased diastolic (beta2 skeletal m. dilation overcomes alpha1 constriction)

33
Q

CV and norepinephrine

A

beta1, alpha effects

no beta2**

increased TPR and diastolic (no beta2 on skeletal m. dilation, only alpha1 constriction effects)

increased systolic BP and MAP

stimulant on rate, but overcome by reflex baroreceptor vagal output

34
Q

CV and isoproterenol

A

beta1, beta 2 effects

no alpha**

increased HR and force of contraction (beta1)

decreased TPR (beta2 in skeletal m vasodilation)

increased systolic
decreased diastolic

35
Q

dopamine

A

beta1 agonist
D1 agonist

high dose - alpha1 agonist
-will override dopaminergic effects

36
Q

effect of dopamine

A

increased HR and contractility - beta1

increased blood flow in renal, coronary, splanchnic - D1

37
Q

higher dose of dopamine

A

alpha1 receptor activation

-overcomes vasodilatory effects

38
Q

femoldopam

A

D1 agonist

Tx for hypertension

39
Q

bromocroptine

A

D2 agonist

Tx for parkinsons or prolactinemia

40
Q

dobutamine

A

beta1 agonist

weak increase in contractility and HR

41
Q

clinical use of dobutamine

A

increased CO in patients with cardiogenic shock with decreased occurence of arrythmia

42
Q

phenylephrine

A

alpha-1 agonists

vascular constriction

  • reflex bradycardia
  • can be blocked with atropine
43
Q

methoxamine

A

alpha 1 agonist

similar to phenylephrine

44
Q

midodrine

A

alpha 1 agonist

Tx for disabling orthostatic hyoptension

45
Q

beta 2 agonists

A

10x greater selectivity for beta2 than beta1

so beta1 can be stimulated at high dose

46
Q

albuterol

A

beta 2 agonist

for bronchial asthma

47
Q

salmeterol

A

beta 2 agonist

long lasting

nighttime asthma

48
Q

formoterol

A

beta 2 agonist

same as salmeterol

long acting

49
Q

metaproterenol

A

beta 2 agonist

relax bronchial smooth muscle

side effects: nervous, weak, palpitations, N/V

50
Q

terbutaline

A

beta 2 agonist

used orally and as aerosol

51
Q

ritodrine

A

beta 2 agonist

for delayed delivery

52
Q

amphetamines

A

release NE from adrenergic nerve ending AND inhibit NE reuptake

CNS stimulant

53
Q

adderall

A

amphetamine

for ADHD

54
Q

dexedrine

A

amphetamine

55
Q

benzedrine

A

amphetamine

56
Q

Tx for narcolepsy

A

amphetamine

57
Q

Tx for obesity

A

amphetamine

58
Q

Tx for ADHD

A

amphetamine

59
Q

amphetamine poisoning

A

weak bases

acidification of urine will decrease reabsorption

60
Q

mixed action

A

ephedrine

61
Q

ephedrine

A

beta agonist AND indirect NE release

62
Q

pseudoephedrine

A

OTC cough and cold

-now illegal bc can be used to make methamphetamine

63
Q

nasal decongestants

A

alpha 1 vasoconstriction

64
Q

naphazoline

A

nasal decongestant

65
Q

tetrahydrozoline

A

nasal decongestant

66
Q

xylometazoline

A

nasal decongestant

67
Q

oxymetazoline

A

nasal decongestant

68
Q

hydroxyamphetamine

A

similar to ephedrine

-but decreased CNS activity due to more polarity

RENAL II Exam 1 (9 decks)

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