Review I

Question 1

IV injection

Answer 1

must be soluble

also, has rapid onset and control of concentration is possible

Question 2

depot preparation

Answer 2

benzathine penicillin G

Question 3

plasma Vd

Answer 3

4L

Question 4

ECF Vd

Answer 4

14L

Question 5

total body water Vd

Answer 5

42L

Question 6

neostigmine

Answer 6

quaternary

no CNS effects bc permanent chargw

Question 7

physostigmine

Answer 7

tertiary

goes to CNS

Question 8

thiopental

Answer 8

high lipid solubility

quick to CNS, quick out

Question 9

barriers with oral

Answer 9

epithelial cells

capillary wall

Question 10

subQ

Answer 10

slower absorption

depot preparation

Question 11

depot preparations

Answer 11

via subQ or IM

Question 12

IM

Answer 12

rapid

-fast access to blood

Question 13

excretion of weak bases

Answer 13

acidic urine

Question 14

excretion of weak acids

Answer 14

basic urine

Question 15

equilibrium distribution of weak acids

Answer 15

plasma > intracellular

Question 16

equilibrium distribution of weak bases

Answer 16

intracellular > plasma

Question 17

phenobarbitol distribution

Answer 17

weak acid

decrease pH - goes to tissue
increase pH - goes to plasma

Question 18

more likely to have drug drug interaction

Answer 18

bound in quantity
limited Vd
slowly eliminated
low therapeutic index

Question 19

anion transport

Answer 19

elimination of PCN, antibiotics, salicylates

Question 20

cation transport

Answer 20

elimination of quaternary, ganglion blockers, NMJ blockers

Question 21

morphine

Answer 21

affected by first pass effect big time

Question 22

phase 1

Answer 22

catabolic

Question 23

phase 2

Answer 23

anabolic

Question 24

pseudocholinesterase

Answer 24

genetic defect - slow metabolism of succinycholine

-longer duration of paralysis

Question 25

n-acetyltransferase

Answer 25

slow acetylator phenoytpe - autosomal recessive -decreased isoniazid, hydralazine, caffeine metabolism risk of hepatotoxicity if take isoniazid

Question 26

inducers of P450

Answer 26

``` phenytoin phenobarbitol chronic alcohol clofibrate isoniazid ```

Question 27

erythromycin

Answer 27

inactivate CYP3A | -competitive inhibition

Question 28

chloramphenicol

Answer 28

inactivates CYP2B1 | -irreversible

Question 29

grapefruit juice

Answer 29

inhibit CYP3A4

Question 30

important factor for altered drug metabolism in elderly

Answer 30

liver and kidney disease

Question 31

UDP-glycosyltransferase

Answer 31

mutations lead to altered metabolism of camptothecin

Question 32

camptothecin

Answer 32

UDP glycosyltransferase mutation alters metabolism

Question 33

ryanodine receptors

Answer 33

mutations lead to malignant hyperthermia | -when given succinycholine

Question 34

G6PD deficiency

Answer 34

produces NADPH - which produces glutathione | -oxidative damage leads to hemolytic anemia

Question 35

clinical testing

Answer 35

preclinical - animals phase 1 - small group - pharmacokinetics phase 2 - single blind - efficacy, dosing phase 3 - double blind - continued drug efficacy phase 4 - continued monitoring, large number of patients phase 0 - microdosing

Question 36

chronic toxicity

Answer 36

6 months

Question 37

subacute toxicity

Answer 37

2 weeks to 3 months

Question 38

carcinogenic potential

Answer 38

2 year, two species

Question 39

open label

Answer 39

both know

Question 40

NDA

Answer 40

after phase 3

Question 41

CYP2D

Answer 41

slow, normal, or ultrafast metabolizer phenotypes

Question 42

codeine

Answer 42

to morphine - CYP2D6 - variation in this enzyme with 3 phenotypes

Question 43

VKORC1

Answer 43

genetic variation in warfarin therapy

Question 44

CYP2C9

Answer 44

genetic variation in warfarin therapy