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RENAL II Exam 1 > Review I > Flashcards

Review I Flashcards

1
Q

IV injection

A

must be soluble

also, has rapid onset and control of concentration is possible

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2
Q

depot preparation

A

benzathine penicillin G

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3
Q

plasma Vd

A

4L

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4
Q

ECF Vd

A

14L

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5
Q

total body water Vd

A

42L

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6
Q

neostigmine

A

quaternary

no CNS effects bc permanent chargw

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7
Q

physostigmine

A

tertiary

goes to CNS

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8
Q

thiopental

A

high lipid solubility

quick to CNS, quick out

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9
Q

barriers with oral

A

epithelial cells

capillary wall

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10
Q

subQ

A

slower absorption

depot preparation

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11
Q

depot preparations

A

via subQ or IM

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12
Q

IM

A

rapid

-fast access to blood

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13
Q

excretion of weak bases

A

acidic urine

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14
Q

excretion of weak acids

A

basic urine

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15
Q

equilibrium distribution of weak acids

A

plasma > intracellular

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16
Q

equilibrium distribution of weak bases

A

intracellular > plasma

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17
Q

phenobarbitol distribution

A

weak acid

decrease pH - goes to tissue
increase pH - goes to plasma

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18
Q

more likely to have drug drug interaction

A

bound in quantity
limited Vd
slowly eliminated
low therapeutic index

19
Q

anion transport

A

elimination of PCN, antibiotics, salicylates

20
Q

cation transport

A

elimination of quaternary, ganglion blockers, NMJ blockers

21
Q

morphine

A

affected by first pass effect big time

22
Q

phase 1

A

catabolic

23
Q

phase 2

A

anabolic

24
Q

pseudocholinesterase

A

genetic defect - slow metabolism of succinycholine

-longer duration of paralysis

25
Q

n-acetyltransferase

A

slow acetylator phenoytpe - autosomal recessive
-decreased isoniazid, hydralazine, caffeine metabolism

risk of hepatotoxicity if take isoniazid

26
Q

inducers of P450

A 
phenytoin
phenobarbitol
chronic alcohol
clofibrate
isoniazid
27
Q

erythromycin

A

inactivate CYP3A

-competitive inhibition

28
Q

chloramphenicol

A

inactivates CYP2B1

-irreversible

29
Q

grapefruit juice

A

inhibit CYP3A4

30
Q

important factor for altered drug metabolism in elderly

A

liver and kidney disease

31
Q

UDP-glycosyltransferase

A

mutations lead to altered metabolism of camptothecin

32
Q

camptothecin

A

UDP glycosyltransferase mutation alters metabolism

33
Q

ryanodine receptors

A

mutations lead to malignant hyperthermia

-when given succinycholine

34
Q

G6PD deficiency

A

produces NADPH - which produces glutathione

-oxidative damage leads to hemolytic anemia

35
Q

clinical testing

A

preclinical - animals
phase 1 - small group - pharmacokinetics
phase 2 - single blind - efficacy, dosing
phase 3 - double blind - continued drug efficacy
phase 4 - continued monitoring, large number of patients

phase 0 - microdosing

36
Q

chronic toxicity

A

6 months

37
Q

subacute toxicity

A

2 weeks to 3 months

38
Q

carcinogenic potential

A

2 year, two species

39
Q

open label

A

both know

40
Q

NDA

A

after phase 3

41
Q

CYP2D

A

slow, normal, or ultrafast metabolizer phenotypes

42
Q

codeine

A

to morphine

  • CYP2D6
  • variation in this enzyme with 3 phenotypes
43
Q

VKORC1

A

genetic variation in warfarin therapy

44
Q

CYP2C9

A

genetic variation in warfarin therapy

RENAL II Exam 1 (9 decks)

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