Sympathometics

Question 1

Which groups can we split sympathomimetics in?

Answer 1

Non-specific and specific.

Question 2

Which groups do we split the specific sympathomimetics in?

Answer 2

Beta-adrenoreceptor agonist, alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists

Question 3

what are the non-specific sympathomimetic drugs?

Answer 3

Adrenaline, Noradrenaline and dopamine

Question 4

Which drugs are Beta-adrenoreceptor agonists?

Answer 4

Dobutamine, clenbuterol,solbutamole, terbutaline, salmeterole, isoxsuprine

Question 5

Which drugs are Alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists?

Answer 5

Phenylephrine, Xylometazoline, oxymetazoline, naphazoline, tetryzoline, Phenylproponolamine, ephrine, Amphetamine, Xylazine, detomidone, medetomidine, romifidine

Question 6

Receptors of Adrenaline :

Answer 6

Mainly B1 and B2 receptors, but increased dose affects alpha1 receptors too.

Question 7

Receptors of Noradrenaline

Answer 7

mainly B1 and A1 receptors;

• Cardiac effect
• Blood pressure is significantly increased; -Cardiac effect – arrhythmia can be caused
• Arrhythmogenic

Question 8

Receptors of dopamine:

Answer 8

Low dose D1 receptors (kidney, increased glomerular filtration rate, renal failure, increased blood circulation)

• Medium dose B1-receptors (heart)
• High dose A1-receptors (pressor)

Question 9

Indications of Adrenaline

Answer 9

• cardiac stop
• severe bronchoconstriction
• anaphylaxia(3 agents: Adrenaline, glucocorticoids, antihistamine)
• local vasoconstriction (stops haemorrhages)
• increase in duration of local anaesthetics
• Lidocain + adrenaline combo

Question 10

Indications of Noradrenaline

Answer 10

(rare)

-Hypotensin (low blood pressure)

Question 11

Indications of Dopamine

Answer 11

• Constrict blood supply

- shock

Question 12

Receptors of: Dobutamine:

Answer 12

Mainly alpha1, vasoconstriction

Question 13

Receptors of: Beta2-agonists:

• Clenbuterole
• Salbutamole
• Terbutaline
• Isoxsuprine

Answer 13

• Mainly beta 2 receptors
• Bronchodilatation
• Uterus relaxation

Higher dosage beta1-receptors cardiac effect

Question 14

Receptors of: Phenylephrine:

Answer 14

Mainly alpha1-receptors vasoconstriction

Question 15

Receptors of Xylometazoline, Oxymetazoline, naphazoline, tetryzoline:

Answer 15

-Mainly alpha 1 receptors vasoconstriction

Question 16

Receptors of: Phenylpropanolamine

Answer 16

Mainly alpha1 receptors urinary bladder sphincter constriction!

Question 17

effects and indications of: Ephedrine

Answer 17

Effects: Nonspecific, direct and indirect effects.
Tachyphylaxis
CNS.
Indication: -Allergy,incontinence

Question 18

Indications of :Dobutamine:

Answer 18

-cardiogenic shock (IV infusion)

Question 19

Indications of : Clenbuterole

• Salbutamole
• Terbutaline
• Isoxsuprine

Answer 19

• Horse RAO
• Feline asthma
• Bronchitis,bronchopneumonia
• Tracheal hypoplasia
• Tracheal collapse

Question 20

Indications of :Phenylephrine:

Answer 20

-Used rarly, but local (allergy,cold) or systemic usage (hypotension,shock)

Question 21

Indications of : Xylometazoline, Oxymetazoline, naphazoline, tetryzoline:

Answer 21

-Local usage, rebound syndrome

Question 22

What are -Xylazine
-Detomidine
-Medetomidine
-Romifidine 
used for?

Answer 22

Sedato hypnotics