Swiss Reformation

Question 1

Old Swiss Federation

Answer 1

confederacy against the Hapsburg counts: 1315 battle at Morgarten gave victory. Lucerne becomes first city to join confederation. Zurich joins in 1351. More decisive battles in Sempach and Nafels

Question 2

University of Basel

Answer 2

only switz university until 19th century

Question 3

Peace of Basel

Answer 3

1499-Swiss independence of HRE

Question 4

Battle of Marignano

Answer 4

1515. From this point on Swiss adopts a posture of neutrality

Question 5

Wilhelm Tell

Answer 5

Shoots apple off of sons head; defies Hapsburg authority

Question 6

Zwingli of Zurich

Answer 6

from prominent family; political activitist; influenced by Erasmus; some moral laxity affected influence; Adopts Luther’s view in 1518 (against indulgences; stood against Charles V) Opposed the Church by standing against fasting and rejecting celibacy

Question 7

Adrivan VI

Answer 7

Charles V tutor who was elected Pope. last non Italian pope until John Paul II in 1978

Question 8

Marburg of Colloquy 1529: Purpose

Answer 8

Instigated by Philip of Hesse who sought to unite German and Swiss reformation as a political alliance against Charles V

Question 9

Marburg of Colloquy 1529: Detials

Answer 9

Luther writes Marburg Articles: Agreement in Trinity, infant baptism, human gov’t, abolition of Mass and communion. Disagreement: The is my body “Hoc est corpus meum” Luther saw this as literal; Zwingli saw it figuratively.

Question 10

normative principle vs. regulative principle

Answer 10

n: whatever is not forbidden is permitted; r: whatever is not permitted is forbidden

Question 11

Radical Reformation

Answer 11

Anabaptists, Spiritualists, Evangelical Rationalists

Question 12

Radical Ref Chief Characteristics

Answer 12

Pressed reformation to its logical/theological conclusions; rejected visible church; argued for adult baptism; diverse and irregular

Question 13

Zwichau Prophets

Answer 13

Storch, Stubner, and Dreschel–feel to Wittenberg and interviewed by Melanchthon. Key issue is private conversations with God and prophetic ability

Question 14

Karlstadt

Answer 14

Most prolific German reformer next to Luther; rejected infant baptism; prof at Basel Central theme: “Spark of Divinity”; a precursor to pietism–justification is the regeneration of the image of Christ and sanctification is the psychological condition of abandonment…”

Question 15

Melchior Hoffman

Answer 15

“Swabian” Called for congregationalism; denied real presence; opting for spiritual presence; He sought Luther’s approval at Wittenberg, but Luther and the Wittenberg pastor, Johanns Bugenhagen, rejected his views (spiritualist-allegorical; apocalyptiscism; civil disobedience) Taught Strasbourgh was the spiritual Jerusalem where Christ would establish kingdom

Question 16

Thomas Munster: Great Rebellion

Answer 16

Predicts a failed eschatological battle with turks; leadership position in peasants war (type of Gideon)

Question 17

Conrad Grebel

Answer 17

Called Father of Anabaptists; debates Zwingli over infant baptism;

Question 18

Georg Blaurock

Answer 18

Co founder of anabaptists in Zurich; burned at stake

Question 19

Felix Manz

Answer 19

co published six of Karlstadts tracts against luther; pushed from boat into river and drowned

Question 20

Michael Sattler

Answer 20

Helped adopt/author the Schleitheim confession (“Bruderliche Vereinigung or Schleitheim Brotherly Union)–first creedal statement of Anabaptism. tortured by Catholic;

Question 21

Schleitheim confession (“Bruderliche Vereinigung or Schleitheim Brotherly Union

Answer 21

2 most important statements #6 and #7 on the use of sword and the swearing of oaths

Question 22

Balthasar Hubmaier

Answer 22

best German Anabaptist; was a catholic, reformer, and anabaptist; Published 18 theses–Justification by faith, mass not a sacrifice but memorial, rejected scholastic theologians, denied purgatory; held to previenent grace and free will

Question 23

Menno Simons

Answer 23

Wrote “Dat Fundament” showed influence of catholic pity and Erasminian piety. Dirk Philipps and Lenaert Bowens followed him.

Question 24

Kaspar Von Schwenckfeld

Answer 24

anabaptist; stopped observing communion; rejected luther’s theology of faith alone

Question 25

Pilgrim Marpeck

Answer 25

Eclectic views: had no place for tradition; writings were recovered in 20th century (Anabaptist)

Question 26

Jacob Hutter

Answer 26

A zealous and effective Anabaptist missionary (Hutterite Chronicle) and established communities based on the schleitheim confession

Question 27

Heinrich Bullinger

Answer 27

Zwingli’s Successor; headed Cisterian monastery; Conceptualizer of Covenant Theology; rejected real presence of communion

Question 28

2nd Helvetic Confession

Answer 28

1566; Drafted by Bullinger and affirmed by Peter Martyr; Swiss modified slightly and adopted as their confession;

Question 29

Peter Martyr Vermigli

Answer 29

Florentine humanist; Augustininan monk

Question 30

Johannes Oecolampadius

Answer 30

Assisted Erasmus with notes for GNT; Helped reform Basel–center for the publication of Luther’s works (strictly commercial). Took part in Marburg Colloquy

Question 31

Wolfgang Capito

Answer 31

Called to Basel in 1515 as prof and preacher; Lectures in Strasbourg and aids reform

Question 32

Guillamue Farel

Answer 32

Conflicted with Erasmus; Began reform in Geneva; Persuaded Calvin to join reformation ; contribution: authored reformation tract in French, first statement reform doctrine in French, called “true father” of reformation, and recruited printers

Question 33

“Ecclesiastical Ordinances and Confession of faith”

Answer 33

authored by Farel and Calvin

Question 34

Jean Calvin

Answer 34

suspected of Lutheranism and fled to Basel; first published work was a commentary on Seneca’s De Clementia

Question 35

“Christianne Religionis Institutio”

Answer 35

1536; Calvin’s most important work; Published at Basel; sold out in 9 months; written in Latin and French; Marks of true church: Pure preaching and right administration of the sacraments;

Question 36

Calvin’s church ordinance for Geneva

Answer 36

Lord’s supper celebrated monthly; catechism and confession that all citizens were compelled to sign; civil magistrates were servants of God to promote pure religion

Question 37

Calvin’s Exile at Strasbourg

Answer 37

assumed leadership of French congregation; created system of worship; Revised Institutes;

Question 38

Cardinal Jacopo Sadoleto

Answer 38

opposed calvin and pressures Geneva to return to Catholicism;added writing “Consilium de emendata” which was critical of papal authority; Calvin writes to him that Scripture not tradition is authority, Church is corrupt and without authority, no desire to splice church or introduce new doctrines,.