Swiss Reformation Flashcards
Old Swiss Federation
confederacy against the Hapsburg counts: 1315 battle at Morgarten gave victory. Lucerne becomes first city to join confederation. Zurich joins in 1351. More decisive battles in Sempach and Nafels
University of Basel
only switz university until 19th century
Peace of Basel
1499-Swiss independence of HRE
Battle of Marignano
- From this point on Swiss adopts a posture of neutrality
Wilhelm Tell
Shoots apple off of sons head; defies Hapsburg authority
Zwingli of Zurich
from prominent family; political activitist; influenced by Erasmus; some moral laxity affected influence; Adopts Luther’s view in 1518 (against indulgences; stood against Charles V) Opposed the Church by standing against fasting and rejecting celibacy
Adrivan VI
Charles V tutor who was elected Pope. last non Italian pope until John Paul II in 1978
Marburg of Colloquy 1529: Purpose
Instigated by Philip of Hesse who sought to unite German and Swiss reformation as a political alliance against Charles V
Marburg of Colloquy 1529: Detials
Luther writes Marburg Articles: Agreement in Trinity, infant baptism, human gov’t, abolition of Mass and communion. Disagreement: The is my body “Hoc est corpus meum” Luther saw this as literal; Zwingli saw it figuratively.
normative principle vs. regulative principle
n: whatever is not forbidden is permitted; r: whatever is not permitted is forbidden
Radical Reformation
Anabaptists, Spiritualists, Evangelical Rationalists
Radical Ref Chief Characteristics
Pressed reformation to its logical/theological conclusions; rejected visible church; argued for adult baptism; diverse and irregular
Zwichau Prophets
Storch, Stubner, and Dreschel–feel to Wittenberg and interviewed by Melanchthon. Key issue is private conversations with God and prophetic ability
Karlstadt
Most prolific German reformer next to Luther; rejected infant baptism; prof at Basel Central theme: “Spark of Divinity”; a precursor to pietism–justification is the regeneration of the image of Christ and sanctification is the psychological condition of abandonment…”
Melchior Hoffman
“Swabian” Called for congregationalism; denied real presence; opting for spiritual presence; He sought Luther’s approval at Wittenberg, but Luther and the Wittenberg pastor, Johanns Bugenhagen, rejected his views (spiritualist-allegorical; apocalyptiscism; civil disobedience) Taught Strasbourgh was the spiritual Jerusalem where Christ would establish kingdom
Thomas Munster: Great Rebellion
Predicts a failed eschatological battle with turks; leadership position in peasants war (type of Gideon)
Conrad Grebel
Called Father of Anabaptists; debates Zwingli over infant baptism;
Georg Blaurock
Co founder of anabaptists in Zurich; burned at stake
Felix Manz
co published six of Karlstadts tracts against luther; pushed from boat into river and drowned
Michael Sattler
Helped adopt/author the Schleitheim confession (“Bruderliche Vereinigung or Schleitheim Brotherly Union)–first creedal statement of Anabaptism. tortured by Catholic;
Schleitheim confession (“Bruderliche Vereinigung or Schleitheim Brotherly Union
2 most important statements #6 and #7 on the use of sword and the swearing of oaths
Balthasar Hubmaier
best German Anabaptist; was a catholic, reformer, and anabaptist; Published 18 theses–Justification by faith, mass not a sacrifice but memorial, rejected scholastic theologians, denied purgatory; held to previenent grace and free will
Menno Simons
Wrote “Dat Fundament” showed influence of catholic pity and Erasminian piety. Dirk Philipps and Lenaert Bowens followed him.
Kaspar Von Schwenckfeld
anabaptist; stopped observing communion; rejected luther’s theology of faith alone
Pilgrim Marpeck
Eclectic views: had no place for tradition; writings were recovered in 20th century (Anabaptist)
Jacob Hutter
A zealous and effective Anabaptist missionary (Hutterite Chronicle) and established communities based on the schleitheim confession
Heinrich Bullinger
Zwingli’s Successor; headed Cisterian monastery; Conceptualizer of Covenant Theology; rejected real presence of communion
2nd Helvetic Confession
1566; Drafted by Bullinger and affirmed by Peter Martyr; Swiss modified slightly and adopted as their confession;
Peter Martyr Vermigli
Florentine humanist; Augustininan monk
Johannes Oecolampadius
Assisted Erasmus with notes for GNT; Helped reform Basel–center for the publication of Luther’s works (strictly commercial). Took part in Marburg Colloquy
Wolfgang Capito
Called to Basel in 1515 as prof and preacher; Lectures in Strasbourg and aids reform
Guillamue Farel
Conflicted with Erasmus; Began reform in Geneva; Persuaded Calvin to join reformation ; contribution: authored reformation tract in French, first statement reform doctrine in French, called “true father” of reformation, and recruited printers
“Ecclesiastical Ordinances and Confession of faith”
authored by Farel and Calvin
Jean Calvin
suspected of Lutheranism and fled to Basel; first published work was a commentary on Seneca’s De Clementia
“Christianne Religionis Institutio”
1536; Calvin’s most important work; Published at Basel; sold out in 9 months; written in Latin and French; Marks of true church: Pure preaching and right administration of the sacraments;
Calvin’s church ordinance for Geneva
Lord’s supper celebrated monthly; catechism and confession that all citizens were compelled to sign; civil magistrates were servants of God to promote pure religion
Calvin’s Exile at Strasbourg
assumed leadership of French congregation; created system of worship; Revised Institutes;
Cardinal Jacopo Sadoleto
opposed calvin and pressures Geneva to return to Catholicism;added writing “Consilium de emendata” which was critical of papal authority; Calvin writes to him that Scripture not tradition is authority, Church is corrupt and without authority, no desire to splice church or introduce new doctrines,.
