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Church History > Reformation > Flashcards

Reformation Flashcards

1
Q

Four Great Reformers

A

Luther (German), Calvin (Swtiz; after Zwingli), Zwingli (Zurich, Switz), and Knox (Studied at Calvin’s Academy and takes Reformation to England).

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2
Q

Maximilan I

A

(Emperor of Holy Roman Empire); Emperor when Luther gets his start but is replaced by Charles V

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3
Q

Powerful German Princes

A

Frederick the Wise of Saxony (see others)

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4
Q

Frederick Wise of Saxony

A

Succeeds father and makes Wittenberg primary residence; founds university in 1502: Hid Luther in castle at Wartburg after the Diet of Worms in 1521

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5
Q

Martin Luther

A

Pivotal figure in Reformation: 1520 Important Treatises: “To the German Nobility”; “The Babylonian Captivity of the Church”; “The Execrable Bull of Antichrist”; Studied Nominalist views of William of Ockham

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6
Q

Diet of Worms

A

1521: Luther

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7
Q

Luther Finishes the German NT

A

1523

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8
Q

William Ockham

A

advocated Reform of Scholasticism which included Law of

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9
Q

Luther: inner struggle

A

anfechtung: temptation–sought for perfection and to keep the strict discipline of his order to attain peace with God; struggles intensified by theological problems (God’s justice demands a punishment)

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10
Q

Luther Teacher/Preacher:

A

Pslams, Romans, Galatians,

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11
Q

Pivotal year for Luther

A

1517: Writes notes on Penitential Psalm. Issues 97 theses in September.

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12
Q

Indulgence controversy

A

Albrecht of Brandenburg: Elector of HRE and archbishop of Mainz. Pope Lex X gave him the duty to oversee indulgences that he had issued for the building of St Peter;s Basilica in Rome; ecclesiatical ruler with political power

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13
Q

Johann Tetzel

A

promoter of indulgences

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14
Q

Heidelberg Disputation 1518

A

Law of God and Love of God

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15
Q

Diet of Augsburg 1518

A

principle player: Cardinal Cajan. Dominican monk. Leo X appoints him as cardinal, sent to Augsburg to examine Luther’s developing views. Diet meets Oct 12-18 to examine Luther’s writing regarding indulgences and faith in sacramental system. Eventually led to Luther being condemned and to the bull “Exsurge Domine”

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16
Q

Martin Bucer

A

Convinced of Luther’s views. Gave up papal orders in 1521 , marries a nun and is excommunicated in 1521. appointed extra pastor of St Aurelia’s church by the gardener’s guild, the largest guild in Strasbourg. Goes to cambridge to train men for ministry.

17
Q

Leipzig Debate

A

Johann Eck: Professor at Bavaria; educated at Heidelberg; Andreas Rudolf Von Karlstadt: German radical theologian; broke form Luther to press issues; debated Eck;

18
Q

Background to Leipzig

A

Eck criticizes the Wittenberg reform in “Obelisci”; Karlstatt challenges Eck on Free will in “Apologeticae conclusions” Eck answers with three theses on penance, grace, and free will in which he ended with a challenge to Karlstadt to a debate. Eco releases three more theses at Karlstadt but really directed to Luther. Luther responds with theses directed at the papacy and that the Bible knows no such thing. He begins to wonder if the pope is the antichrist .

19
Q

“Apologeticae conclusions”

A

Scripture is primary authority; Man can contribute nothing to grace, he could only passively accept it (contra Eck)

20
Q

“Exsurge Domine”

A

Luther is called a wild boar by Leo X and given 60 days to recant

21
Q

“An appeal to the German Nobility”

A

Luther open letter to German Nations

22
Q

“ON the Babylonian Captivity of the Church”

A

see notes

23
Q

“Decet Romanum Potificem”

A

formally excommunicates Luther; Frederick demands that Luther not be outlawed until he is given a hearing.

24
Q

Diet of Worms, 1521

A

Charles V crowned HRE by Clement VII. Called the council of trent in 1545 and sided with Catholics. Aunt is Catherine of Aragon (1st wife of Catharine of Aragorn) and pressures to refuse annulment. See notes a harmony of the event.

25
Q

Edict of Worms

A

Charles officially condemns Luther and placed him under an Empire wide ban.

26
Q

Philipp Melancthon

A

see notes

27
Q

Marburgh Colloquy

A

split with Zwingli over the Eucharist

28
Q

Diet of Augsburg

A

Called by Charles V.

29
Q

Schmalkaldic Leagure

A

Protestant princes vouch to protect each other from Charles V.

30
Q

Schmalkaldic WAr

A

Charles made peace with France and an alliance with Pope Paul III. League begins to deteriorate with bickering. Charles then attacks and defeats the league at Battle of Mulhberg

31
Q

Peace of Augsburg

A

Protestants forms new league and forces Charles to sing peace treaty “Cuius regio, emus religio” whose the region is, his religion.

32
Q

Swiss History

A

see notes for a harmony

Church History (6 decks)

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