Swine Industry and Poultry Industry Flashcards
What is the order of the swine producers ?
Seedstock producers, Commercial producers, Corporate production units
Production____ influence breed _____.
goals, utlization
What are seedstock producers?
- Traditional purebred breeders
- Provide foundation offspring for others
What are commercial producers?
- Many use purebreds, but for cross-breeding purposes
- Generally all crossbred animals
What are corporate production units?
- programs that maintain animals from conception to consumers
- Generate their own sire and dam lines from composite breeding ( typically confidential information)
- Value-specific economic traits
What are the key economic traits in the swine industry?
- Reproduction
- Growth rate
- feed efficiency
- Carcass triats
Why is reproduction a key economic trait in the swine industry?
- Swine have a short generation interval due to the short gestation length of 116 days ( 3 months,3 weeks, 3 days)
- Litter bearing ( NBA= number of offspring born alive)
Growth rate in swine is days to _____ lbs
280
In swine carcass what areas do we look at?
- Loin eye area( LEA)
- Back fat( BF)
What are indoor advantages in the swine industry?
- Biosecurity
- Stocking density
- Temp control
- Sunblock
- Manure management
- air filtration
- protection from predators
- water quality
- Parasite control
What are the outdoor advantages of the swine industry?
- Air quality
- barn cost
- aesthetic
- niche marketing opportunities
Why is biosecurity important in the swine industry?
- keep diseases off the farm
- prevent disease spread within a farm
- prevent disease spread onto other farms
- prevent pathogen contamination of the food chain
What is the order of the swine industry?
boar stud, gestation, farrowing, nursery, feeder/finisher
What is the order of most biosecurity to least in the swine industry?
Boar stud, breeding , nursery, grow-finish
What happens in the boar stud stage?
- individual boar housing
- collection pens with dummy
- semen analysis lab
- extremely high biosecurity
- located far from other pigs
- separate quartine/ isolation facility
- no visitors
- water purification and air filtration
What happens in the breeding stage?
Gestation Barn:
- house sows from weaning to 110 to 112 of gestation
- a place to heat check and breed sows
- sow thermal comfort
Farrowing barn:
- House sows in farrowing crates
- provide the sows comfort and the baby pigs safety
- emphasize worker safety and comfort
What is the average estrous cycle of a sow?
21 days
- range from 8-24 days
What is the average estrus period of a sow?
15 to 96 hours
- average duration is 40 to 46 hours
What happens 1 to 3 days post parturition in sows?
infertile estrus
What causes infertile estrus?
Caused by estrogen from some source other than the ovary
How many ova are shed during a sow’s estrus
10 to 25
- average of 16
How long does the 1st estrus post-weaning happen to sows?
65 hours
- 7 to 9 days post weaning
What happens in the Nursery stage in the swine industry?
- High biosecurity
- thermal comfort
-comfortable flooring ( heated zones) - weaned pig feeders to aid feeder
What is the entry age and weight for the nursery stage?
15lbs and 21 days
