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ANSC 107 > Animal Health and Welfare > Flashcards

Animal Health and Welfare Flashcards

1
Q

What is required for the success of livestock producers?

A

Proper animal husbandry

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2
Q

Animals ___ ___ ___ efficiently under undesirable conditions

A

will not produce

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3
Q

In what ways do producers help reduce animal stress?

A
  • Feeding systems, working systems, living environment, health enhancements( vaccinations )
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4
Q

Healthy=

A

Free of diseases

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5
Q

Disease

A

State other than complete wellness

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6
Q

What can diseases be caused by?

A

-Virus, bacteria, internal or external parasites, broken bones, biochemical problems with body

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7
Q

Clinical Signs

A

Outward appearance or symptoms that is not normal

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8
Q

Pathology

A

Study of the essential nature of diseases

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9
Q

Etiology

A

The cause of disease or the study of the cause of diseases

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10
Q

What are the requirements of an infectious disease?

A
  1. Organism must be able to enter the body of the host( skin, cut, mouth, nose)
  2. Must be able to adapt to the host environment and reproduce
  3. Must be able to exit the body
  4. Complete the cycle by attacking another host
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11
Q

What is the goal of an animal producer?

A

The goal of animal producers is to enhance the animal’s resistance to environmental or man-made pathogens
- vaccinations
- facilities
- genetics

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12
Q

Immune system

A

The body’s ability to prevent sickness
- levels of production are provided by:
- skin, mucous membrane
- the lining of GI tract
- Antibody production

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13
Q

Immune system

A

The body’s ability to prevent sickness
- levels of production are provided by:
- skin, mucous membrane
- the lining of the GI tract
- Antibody production

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14
Q

Passive Immunity

A
  • Passed from mother to offspring during gestation or from colostrum
  • short term immunity( protection ) and protection from organisms the dam was exposed too
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15
Q

Active Immunity

A

When antibodies are produced by the animal from exposure to an organism or vaccination

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16
Q

____ is the key to keeping animals healthy

A

Prevention

17
Q

What are the 6 prevention categories?

A
  • management
  • nutrition
  • genetics
  • isolation/ quarantine
  • animal idetification
  • quickly identify sick animals
18
Q

Management

A
  • consult specialist
  • stay current on new management system
19
Q

Nutrition

A
  • balances rations- specie specific
  • proper body condition score (BCS)
  • fresh, clean water( no contamination)
  • reduce metabolic problems
20
Q

What are examples of metabolic problems improper nutrition can cause?

A
  • Milk fever, urinary calculi, Ketosis
  • grass tetany, aflatoxins, nitrate poisoning
    -colic, founder
21
Q

What do genetics help with?

A

Eliminate animals with problems

22
Q

What are common genetic issues with sheep and goats?

A
  • Scrapie
  • Entropion
  • Spider lamb syndrome
  • footrot
  • internal parasite
23
Q

What are common genetic issues with cattle?

A
  • Curly calf syndrome (Angus )
24
Q

What are common genetic issues with swine?

A

-PSS( porcine stress syndrome)

25
Q

What are common genetic issues with horses?

A
  • Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis Diseases( HyPP)
  • Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy ( PSSM)
26
Q

Isolation/ Quarantine

A
  • Separate new animals for 6-8 weeks
  • test animals for any diseases
  • perform soundness exams on horses
27
Q

Animal Identification

A
  • Traceability of animal
  • good record keeping
    ( ear tag, microchip, tattoo)
28
Q

What are the steps after identifying sick animals?

A
  1. quickly identified sick animals
  2. quarantine( if necessary)
  3. Diagnose, treat, document treatment
    ( - follow drug withdrawals and injection site location)
  4. I identify causes of sickness
    ( Develop a plan for short-term and long-term prevention)
29
Q

What is the body temp of a cat?

A

101.5°F

30
Q

What is the body temp of a dog?

A

102°F

31
Q

What are the two common problems in sheep and goats?

A
  • Caseous
    Lymphadenitis( CL)
  • Tetanus
32
Q

Zoonotic Diseases

A

Diseases that can pass between animals and humans

33
Q

What are example of zoonotic diseases?

A
  • rabies
  • ringworm
  • Q-fever
  • Brucellosis
  • Tuberculosis
  • Toxoplasmosis
34
Q

Prevention

A
  • Pasteurization of milk, eggs, etc.
    ( salmonella, e-coli )
  • Inspection of meat products
    ( Trichinosis)
  • Proper sanitation procedures
  • Vaccination of animals
    ( rabies)
  • elimination of infected animals- herds
35
Q

What are examples issues that cause major economic impacts?

A
  • Mad cow disease ( BSE)
  • Avian Flu
  • Bird flu
  • Foot and mouth disease
  • Equine infectious Anemia
36
Q

What are federal programs in place for animal health and welfare?

A

USDA’s inspection programs
-( APHIS) Animal and Plant Health Inspection service
- Protects and promotes U.S agriculture
- animal welfare

37
Q

What are federal programs in place for animal health and welfare?

A

USDA’s inspection programs
-( APHIS) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
- Protects and promotes U.S agriculture
- animal welfare
- customs
- emergency management and homeland security
- National Animal Identification System
( Trace back program to quickly identify and trace sick animals)

ANSC 107 (9 decks)

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