swine (Bromfield) Flashcards
Gilt
young female that has not farrowed
Barrow
- castrated male
- done at 3 days old
*pain relief drugs in food animal
Boar taint
hormones that make boars taste funk
Sow
Female pig that has farrowed
Boar
intact male
Weaner
- a pig around the time of weaning
- about 3 weeks (21 days)
- 20-30 poupnd pig
piglet
baby pig
shoat
- older pig
Fat Hog/Finisher
- pig at finishing weight
- about 280 pounds
- 6 months old
Feeder pig/grower pig
- on full feed
- out of the nursery
All in/All out
- same age, same health status
- minimizes spread of disease
Wean to Finish (WTF)
- farms that buy pigs at weaning and finish them
Depop/repop
- depopulate the barn in fulminating chronic herd illness
- last resort
PRDC
- porcine respiratory disease complex
Feedback program
- innoculate a whole population at the same time
- diarrheal diseases (feed manure)
Parity
(Parity 1)
- how often a pig has given birth
- Parity 1 means it’s given birth to 1 litter
Non-productive sow day
- not pregnant
- not lactating
Time between weaning and estrus
3-7 days
*if she has lactated for 21 days
SEW
MEW
MMEW
- Segmented early weaning
- keep babies from being exposed to mom
- Medicated early weaning
- taken away and medicated
- Modified medicated early weaning
Types of pig operations
- farrow to finish
- feeder pig producer (traditional/weaner)
- feeder pig finisher / Contract finishing
- Pure bred producer
- breeding companies
- specialty / niche market
- show pigs
- roasters
- producer/retailers
- Vertical integration
Pig breeds
Colored
- Duroc
- Hampshire
- Poland
- Berkshire
- Spot
*use in terminal animals: growth, lean muscle, size
Pig breeds
White
- Yorkshire
- Landrace
- Chester white
Pietran (kinda spotted)
*better mothers
Synthetic breed
- created to be grandparent stock
- geneticists making best pig possible
Terminal cross
- offspring from these are going to grow up and go to market
- these guys will give us the best price at market
Maternal
- Gives birth to our terminal cross
Rotational Cross
(3 way / 4 way)
- several breeds crossed
- maintains some heterosis
Heterosis
- outcrossing
- hybrid vigor
Veterinarians and the swine industry
- mixed practice
- specialty practice
- industry/service
- academic research & teaching
- management
- government
- producer
compensation
- swine vets rank 1 or 2 in income
- normal hours
- emergencies? not really
Role of vet in swine production
- Production
- food safety
- labor
- training
- records
- health
- genetics
- nutrition
- etc
SPF
- specific pathogen free
- primary: C-section derived
- secondary SPF
- from a primary
Use of antibiotics
- Feed
- prevention
- treatment
- gain/feed efficiency
- this is going away
Feed residues and withdrawal times
- sulfas: long withdrawal times
Feed residues and withdrawal times
foreign markets
- tetracycline
- 0 day withdrawel time in US
- 14 day withdrawel for Japanese market
ABX in water
- to treat dz
- prevent major outbreak
- easier to set up water medicator
- pigs will stop eating before drinking
- water solubility
- palatability
- residues
- cost effective
- effective for bug?
Ind Tx
- cost of drug vs cost of animal
- withdrawel time
- ease of administration
- is animal marketable
- vet client relationship
Euthanasia
- carbon dioxide
- gunshot
- captive bolt
- electrocution
- anesthetic overdose
- blunt trauma (baby pigs, two weeks old or less)
- exsanguination
swine herd health day 1-3
- needle teeth
- iron injection
- navel dip
- tail
- ear notch
- abx (coccidiosis)
Swine herd health day 7
- Castrate (if not done at days 1-3)
- repeat C & D antitoxin if necessary
- coccidiosis meds
- gild/boar selection
- underline screening
- vaccination
- bordetella
- pastuerella
- erysipelas
- creep feed
Wine herd health day 14-21
- Iron (if necessary)
- Wean
- vaccination
- mycoplasma
- PRRSV
- Parasite control
- Split weaning
- management/facilities consniderations
- abx (feed/water/parental)
