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P&P final > Prev prod (Risco) > Flashcards

Prev prod (Risco) Flashcards

1
Q

Preventive medicine def

A
  • Aim is to prevent disease and promote health, to lower number of sick animals
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2
Q

Production medicine def

A
  • planned animal health through the application of preventive medicine and strategic animal husbandry practices
    • imp animal health
    • maximize economic return to producer
    • dynamic in nature
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3
Q

What’s involved in prod med

A
  • Implement health programs
    • vaccination
    • nutrition
    • repro
    • calf rearing
    • milk quality
    • management sick animals
  • personnel training and eval
  • performance analysis
  • problem solving
  • animal comfort and welfare
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4
Q

obj of prod med

A
  • reduce waste
    • dz as a result of errors
    • failure to attain optimum production
  • principal thrusts
    • change behavoir of farmers, reform managment
    • consider cost-benefit relationship at all levels
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5
Q

Specialties of food animal prod med

A
  • DVM
    • therio
    • med and sx
    • inf dz and path
  • other
    • nutrition
    • eipdemiology/stats
    • economics
    • human resource management
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6
Q

Clinical vs analystical acumen

A
  1. monitoring strategies
  2. record analysis and problem solving
    • ind vs group (herd)
    • cow vs human (management)
  3. Tools
    • comp software
    • stats
    • epidemiology
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7
Q

Determinant

A
  • factor which when altered, produces a change in frequency or characteristic of dz
    • overcrowding
    • weather
    • nutrition
    • parity
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8
Q

Clinical dz

A
  • state of dysfunction of the body detectable by one or more of a person’s senses
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9
Q

sub-clinical dz

A
  • functional or anatomical abnormality detectable only with diagnostic aids, lab tests or indirect measures
    • SCC
    • California mastitis test
    • ketone bodies in urine
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10
Q

Stress

A
  • state of inability to adapt to stressor
    • leads to physical, behavioral and physiological changes
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11
Q

Syndrome

A
  • set of signs or series of events occurring together often points to single dz as cause
    • downer cow syndrome
      • multiple causes
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12
Q

Symptom

A
  • evidence dz perceived by a patient
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13
Q

sign

A
  • objective physical finding of clinician
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14
Q

Production record analysis

A
  • monitoring and eval of the overall productivity of herd
    • health outcomes
    • level productivity
    • opportunities to improve cow comfort and animal well-being
    • feeding management
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15
Q

Purpose of monitoring dairy performance through records analysis

A
  • to detect change within production system
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16
Q

routine, systematic collection and eval of info (data) from farm

A
  1. Production
    • milk, fat, protein
  2. Reproduction
    • pregnancy rate, abortions
  3. Health
    • mastitis, ketosis, LDAs, Metritis
17
Q

Target goal

TQ

A
  • attainable goals in production system
    • Health parameters
      • LDA, milk fever, RFM, dystocia
    • Quality milk parameters
      • SCC, clinical mastitis
18
Q

Action goal

TQ

A
  • figure (level) where intervention must be taken by management
  • red flags
19
Q

DX tests

Clinical Decision making

A
  • Blood ELISA
    • Johnes dz
  • Total Protein in blood
    • failure passive transfer (<5.0) in calves
  • Rothera test
    • subclinical ketosis (nitroprussic acid to detect acetoacetate)
20
Q

SEnsitivity (SE)

A

true positives

21
Q

Specificity (SP)

A

true negatives

22
Q

Group syndrome

A
  • collection of diseases with a common characteristic
    • major sign
  • starting point in diagnostic process
  • ex: low calf crop in beef cattle
23
Q

Group syndrome flow chart

A
  • Primary syndrome, collection of diseases =>
  • Lack of cyclicity, lowered conception, abortion, death at birth, death of calf =>
  • lowered calf crop (THIS IS THE GROUP SYNDROME)
24
Q

Food animal prod med

role veterinarian

A
  • efficient production of livestock and their products through preventive medicine programs and animal comfort
25
Q

Food animal prod med

Role of producer

A
  • sale of a wholesome product and competition for consumer dollars
    • while following good management practices consistent with sustainable agriculture
26
Q

Consumer issues

A
  • wholesome and economical product
    • animal welfare
    • environmental impact
    • organic vs conventional
27
Q

C footprint for beef

A
  • C footpring per billion kg beef in 2007 reduced by 16.3% compared to equivalent systems in 1977
28
Q

GHG emissions in dairy

A
  • In 2007 US produced 59% more milk using 64% fewer cows than in 1944
    • 41% decrease in GHG emissions

P&P final (9 decks)

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