Svensson Lec 1

Question 1

Identify the portions of a concentration vs. time curve that produce a pharmacologic effect

Answer 1

1. onset (how quickly exhibits effect)
   - reaches MEC
2. duration (how long it exhibits effect)
   - remains above MEC
3. intensity (magnitude of pharmacologic)
   - max conc. or when highest

Question 2

Provide a route of administration, identify barriers that may reduce the amount of drug that reaches the site of action.

Answer 2

1. tissue barriers (blood brain barriers)
2. can go through the barrier it is going through first
3. most require 1 or more passage for the drug to cross the systemic circulation

Question 3

define disposition

Answer 3

the fate of a drug after it has entered the systemic circulation

Question 4

define pharmacokinetics

Answer 4

study of absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and elimination of xenobiotics

Question 5

define pharmacodynamics

Answer 5

the study of the molecular, biochemical, and physiological effects of xenobiotics and their mechanisms of actions

Question 6

what percent of drugs currently fail in clinical trials due to problems with ADME?

Answer 6

<10%

Question 7

what are the primary routes of administration?

Answer 7

1. renal via kidney (most drugs)
2. bile (feces)

Question 8

Describe the four potential consequences of drug metabolism (biotransformation) as it relates to pharmacologic activity

Answer 8

1. Active drug to inactive metabolite
2. Active drug to active metabolite
3. Inactive drug to active metabolite
4. Active drug to reactive metabolite

Question 9

what is the fastest route of admin?

Answer 9

IV

Question 10

what is the slowest route of admin?

Answer 10

oral

Question 11

a reduction in the extent of absorption will impact what effect?

Answer 11

intensity

Question 12

a reduction in the speed of entry will impact what effect?

Answer 12

onset

Question 13

mechanism of a drug to its effects

Answer 13

1. drug given
2. released
3. particles in fluid
4. dissolution
5. drug in solution
6. degradation –> tissues –> effect
7. absorption
8. liver
9. excretion
10. central compartment
11. distribution
12. tissues
13. effect