Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SAMS > Suture Material > Flashcards

Suture Material Flashcards

1
Q

Natural

A
  • biological origin
  • causes intense inflammatory rxn
  • chromic gut, silk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Synthetic

A
  • synthetic polymer
  • does not cause tissue rxn
  • nylon, polymer (PDS, vicryl)
  • most suture materials are synthetic!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Absorbable

A
  • loss of tensile strength in 60-90 days
  • degraded via inflammatory rxn or hydrolysis
  • internal or buried sutures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Non-absorbable

A
  • may eventually degrade
  • potential nidus for infection
  • external sutures
  • intentional internal use (as a marker)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Monofilament

A
  • single strand, parallel fibers
  • less tissue drag –> less trauma!
  • resists microorganisms
  • ties smoothly
  • requires more knots than braided
  • possesses memory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Multifilament

A
  • fibers are twisted (braided)
  • greater resistance in tissue –> drag
  • provides good handling and ease of typing
  • fewer knots required
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Capillary action, increased infection risk, less smooth, less strength, better handling and knot security

A

Braided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

No capillary action, less infection, smooth tissue passage, higher strength, memory, more throws

A

Monofilament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Surgical catgut

A

Submucosa of sheep SI or serosal layer of bovine SI

  • multifilament (resembles monofilament)
  • absorbed via phagocytosis –> slowed by chromic salt
  • > 90 days to absorb, but becomes significantly weak
  • poor knot security
  • good handling
  • cannot be autoclaved! –> radiation or ethylene oxide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Plain vs chromic gut

A
  • plain: loss of >67% strength by 7 days

- chromic: loss of 50% strength by 7 days, 83% by 14 days, 100% by 21 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Polydioxanone (PDS)

A

Loss 26% strength by 14 days, 42% by 28 days, 86% by 56 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Polyglyconate (PGT, MAXON)

A

Polymer of polytrimethylene carbonate and glycolic acid

- loss 19% strength by 14 days, 41% by 28 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

PDS and Maxon - characteristics

A
  • monofilament
  • degraded via hydrolysis
  • excellent tensile strength –> is initially better than nylon and polypropylene
  • good knot security
  • little/no tissue rx
  • memory
  • minimal tissue drag
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is commonly used to close the body wall and linea alba?

A

PDS, Maxon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Poliglecaprone 25

A

PGC25, Monocryl

  • synthetic, monofilament
  • absorbed by hydrolysis –> complete by 90-120 days
  • loss of 50% strength by 10 days, 100% by 21 days
  • good knot security
  • minimal/no tissue rxn
  • good tissue handling
  • no drag
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is used as a buried suture?

A

Monocryl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Polyglactin 910

A

PG910, Vicryl

  • polymer of glycolic acid and lactic acid in a ratio of 9:1
  • multifilament
  • absorbed via hydrolysis –> rate is increased in an alkaline environment and at higher temps!!!
  • complete absorption by 40-90 days, independent of suture size
  • good tensile strength –> lost 50% by 14 days, 80% by 21 days
  • little/no tissue rxn, considerable tissue drag
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Silk

A

Cocoon of silk worm, dyed black

  • multifilament, treated with oil to reduce capillarity
  • nonabsorbable, some breakdown over time
  • slow loss of strength –> 30% by 14 days, 50% at 1 year, 100% by 2 yrs
  • good knot security
  • some tissue rxn via ulceration of GIT lumen
  • gold standard of handling characteristics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stainless steel

A

Surgical grade, alloy of chromium, nickel, and molybdenum

  • mono or multifilament
  • nonabsorbable
  • highest tensile strength of any suture!!
  • greatest knot security of all suture!
  • poor handling
  • used in infected surgical sites
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Nylon

A

Amine coated thermoplastic

  • mono or multifilament
  • nonabsorbable
  • intermediate in strength
  • monofilament will lose tensile strength by 30% after 2 yrs
  • multifilament will lose tensile strength by 70-90% by 180 days
  • memory!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Polymerized caprolactam

A

Polyamide suture of nylon family (vetafil, supramid, braunamid)

  • coated in proteinaceous material
  • multifilament, nonabsorbable
  • loses 15-20% strength when wet!
  • coating can break with repeated sterilization
  • autoclave reduces strength, no chemical sterilization with disinfectants, dispensing vials are not sterile
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Polyester fibers

A

Mersilene, dacron, polydek, tevdek

  • multifilament, nonabsorbable
  • high initial strength
  • uncoated drag, good knot security
  • coated less drag, poor knot security
  • significant tissue rxn, greatest of all sutures!!!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Polypropylene

A

Prolene, flurofil

  • monofilament
  • nonabsorbable
  • fair-poor tensile strength and knot security
  • biologically inert
  • least thrombogenic of any suture (often used in vascular surgery)!!
  • poor handling, memory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Polybutester

A

Novafil

  • monofilament
  • nonabsorbable
  • good tensile strength, knot security
  • biologicaly inert
  • excellent handling
25
Q

Plus suture

A

Triclosan-phenolic compound

  • found in hand disinfectant
  • antifungal, bacteriocidal/static!!
  • in vitro zone of inhibition around suture
  • resistance is possible (S. aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas)
26
Q

Skin staples

A
  • expensive
  • easy/quick
  • secure
  • little tissue rxn
27
Q

Tissue adhesive

A

Little strength, should not be placed in subcutaneous tissue or inside body!!

28
Q

Suture size _____ with increasing number

A

Increases!

  • 2: horse abdomen
  • 9-0: opthalmic
29
Q

Surgical needles must be:

A
  • sharp enough to penetrate tissue w/ minimal resistance
  • rigid to resist bending, but flexible to bend before breaking
  • sterile and corrosion resistant
30
Q

Eyed needles

A
  • more traumatic
  • only thread through once
  • tends to unthread itself easily
31
Q

Swaged on needles

A
  • less traumatic
  • suture = width of needle
  • single use
  • more expensive
  • sterile
32
Q

Taper

A
  • atraumatic
  • internal organs
  • dulls quickly
33
Q

Cutting

A
  • cutting edge on inside of circle
  • tough/fibrous tissue
  • traumatic
34
Q

Reverse cutting

A
  • cutting edge on outside of circle
  • tough/fibrous tissue
  • less traumatic than cutting
35
Q

Classification of suture patterns

A

Based on anatomical site of suture line

- need for: apposition, inverting, everting, tension-relieving

36
Q

Interrupted

A
  • slower to do
  • more foreign material (knots)
  • more secure
  • easier to adjust tension along incision line
  • allows stretching of tissues between suture –> no purse-string effect
37
Q

Continuous

A
  • quicker to perform
  • less foreign material
  • failure –> complete dehiscence
  • better seal on incision
  • create purse string effect especially in hollow organs!!
38
Q

I or C: simple interrupted

A

Appositional

- I

39
Q

I or C: cruciate

A

Appositional

- I

40
Q

I or C: gambee

A

Appositional

- I/C

41
Q

I or C: subcuticular or intradermal

A

Appositional

- I/C

42
Q

I or C: simple continuous

A

Appositional

- C

43
Q

I or C: ford interlocking

A

Appositional

- C

44
Q

Inverting

A

Turns tissue edges towards center of hollow organ

  • halstead
  • lembert
  • cushing
  • connell (l for lumen)
45
Q

I or C: halstead

A

I

46
Q

I or C: lembert

A

I/C

47
Q

I or C: cushing

A

C

48
Q

I or C: connell

A

C

49
Q

Cushing or connell: full thickness?

A

Connell

  • cushing uses partial thickness
  • use either for a water tight seal
50
Q

Everting/tension releaving

A

Turns tissue edges outward away from the patient and towards the surgeon

  • quilled/stented
  • far-near-near-far
  • vertical mattress
  • horizontal mattress
51
Q

I or C: quilled/stented

A

I

52
Q

I or C: far-near-near-far

A

I

53
Q

I or C: vertical mattress

A

I/C

54
Q

I or C: horizontal mattress

A

I/C

55
Q

Chinese finger trap

A

Repeated loops around the tube, used to secure tubes exiting the body in place
- friction on tube increases if distracted

56
Q

2 throws of a square knot =

A

One knot!

57
Q

Knot recommendations

A
  • interrupted: 4 throws
  • continuous: 6 throws
  • larger suture requires more throws
  • suture tags: 3-5 mm
  • leave tags longer with larger suture
58
Q

Suture failure

A

Commonly due to the knot!!

  • unless suture has be damaged
  • re-sterilization
  • grasping suture with instruments
  • repeated knot tying
  • knotting reduces tensile strength by 10-40%!!

SAMS (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions