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SAMS > Surgical Instruments > Flashcards

Surgical Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of instruments

A
  • scalpels
  • scissors
  • forceps
  • needle holders
  • retractors
  • miscellaneous
  • specialized
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2
Q

Forceps

A
  • tissue
  • hemostatic
  • grasping
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3
Q

MIscellaneous

A
  • suction tips
  • spay hooks
  • towel clamps
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4
Q

Specialized equipment

A
  • orthopedic

- stapling

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5
Q

Scalpels

A

Primary cutting instrument

  • to incise tissues
  • detachable blade
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6
Q

Bard-Parker number 3 handle

A

Accepts an assortment of blades (#10-19)

  • available in various lengths
  • common for small animals
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7
Q

Bard-Parker number 4 handle

A

Accept an assortment of blades (#20-29)

  • available in various lengths
  • common for large animals
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8
Q

Blade sizes

A
  • 10: skin incisions
  • 15: similar to 10, smaller belly used for finer cuts (internal, more precise work or smaller dogs)
  • 11: stab incisions (putting a drain in)
  • 12: fine dissection, declaws, subset for oral surgery
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9
Q

Scissors

A

For sharp cutting, blunt dissection

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10
Q

General operating scissors

A

Cutting synthetic materials (drapes, suture)

  • straight or curved jaw
  • tips –> sharp-blunt, sharp-sharp, blunt-blunt
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11
Q

Mayo dissecting scissors

A

Cutting tough tissues

  • connective tissue and fascial planes
  • linea alba
  • curved or straight
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12
Q

Metzenbaum dissecting scissors

A

More delicate (thinner than mayo)

  • cut finer tissues –> SQ fat, SQ dissection, soft tissue dissection
  • curved or straight
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13
Q

Forceps

A

Used to grasp and manipulate tissues

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14
Q

Brown Adson

A

Tissue (thumb) forcep

  • general, used for tissue handling, suturing, cautery
  • tip has multiple, small teeth
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15
Q

Adson

A

Tissue forcep

  • rat-tooth tip, for suturing skin and fascial planes
  • initially picking up linea alba during a spay
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16
Q

DeBakey

A

Tissue forcep

  • delicate, minimize trauma to tissues
  • groove between teeth, and smaller teeth
  • GI or bladder surgery
17
Q

Hemostatic forceps are ________

A

Crushing

- clamp blood vessels and tissue pedicles

18
Q

Halsted mosquito hemostatic forceps

A
  • straight or curved jaw
  • transverse grooves over entire length of jaw
  • controls point bleeders
  • smallest
19
Q

Crile hemostatic forceps

A
  • straight or curved jaws
  • transverse grooves over entire length of jaw
  • larger than mosquitoes
20
Q

Kelly hemostatic forceps

A
  • straight or curved jaw
  • transverse groove only on distal end of jaw
  • same size as Criles, larger than Mosquitos
21
Q

Rochester-Carmalt hemostatic forceps

A
  • longitudinal grooves along jaw
  • cross-striations at the tip
  • ligation of uterine stump and ovarian pedicles
  • used for larger pedicles that contain fat and blood vessels
22
Q

Allis tissue forceps

A

Grasping

  • for firmly grasping tissues that will be removed
  • grasps fascial planes
  • NEVER use on skin or soft tissues staying in the body
  • interlocking sharp teeth at tip (can be traumatic)
23
Q

Doyen intestinal forceps

A

Grasping

  • long, thin jaws –> bowed in center = gap
  • longitudinal grooves entire length of jaw
  • atraumatic: used for intestinal occlusion
24
Q

Needle holders

A

Grasp and manipulate curved needles

  • Mayo-Hegar: most common, do not have scissors in the jaw
  • Olsen-Hegar: combo needle holder and scissors
25
Q

Retractors

A

Manual and self-retaining

  • used to retract tissues
  • improve visibility at surgical site
26
Q

Manual retractors

A
  • Senn; retract skin and superficial muscle layers (smaller tips)
  • Army Navy: bigger, one blade is long the other short –> long blade holds deeper tissues back
  • Meyerding: ortho
  • Ribbon malleable: various lengths/widths, used in abdominal and thoracic surgery
27
Q

Self-retaining retractors

A
  • Gelpi: tips are sharp and angled out, ortho/neurologic
  • Weitlaner: superficial soft tissue
  • Balfour: abdomen
  • Finochietto: thorax
28
Q

Suction tips

A
  • Frazier: decompression hold to control suction
  • Poole: multiple openings at its tip reduces omental plugging
  • Yankauer: large volumes, not fine suction (bigger than Frazier)
29
Q

Spay hook

A

Snook ovariohysterectomy hook

- retrieval of uterine horn

30
Q

Towel clamps

A
  • Backhaus: sharp pointed, secure drapes to skin

- Lorna: non-penetrating, secure equipment to the drapes

31
Q

Stapling equipment

A
  • skin
  • GIA: gastrointestinal anastomosis
  • TA
32
Q

Are electrosurgical units cautery?

A

NO

  • monopolar: ground plate under patient, doesn’t work in wet environment
  • bipolar: current does not go thru patient, will work in presence of blood
33
Q

Use _____ to grasp the backbone of the scalpel blade

A

Needle holders

34
Q

Handing instruments to surgeon

A
  • handle first –> place in palm
  • face curved tip up
  • keep sharp or jabbing surfaces away from surgeon
  • place in hand in definitive way

SAMS (13 decks)

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