Sustainable Harvest - Midterm Flashcards
What are the three categories of hunters?
- Meat hunters (40%)
- Sport hunters (38%)
- Nature hunters (18%)
What are the two categories of anti-hunting/trapping groups?
- Humanistic attitudes
- Moralistic attitudes
What is the general support for hunting?
- 80% to 90% support for hunting
- Less than 15% support trophy hunting
What is “doomed” or “allowable surplus”?
- Number of species that are allowed to be hunted to meet carrying capacity
Describe compensatory mortality.
- Hunting removes the same number of individuals from the population than natural mortality would
Describe additive mortality.
- Hunting removes more individuals from the population than natural mortality
When are populations growing at their fastest rate?
- Half carrying capacity!
Describe the concept of Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). Draw graph
- The largest average yield that can be continuously taken from a population without threatening the population, keeping the population at a sustainable
- MSY is half carrying capacity (k/2)
What are the concerns with MSY? (3 points)
- Assumes certain factors (population size, population growth rate, harvest levels) are known exactly
- Assumes carrying capacity is relatively stable and predictable (winter is the most limiting time and hunting is concentrated in the fall which may add pressure to populations if winter is harsh and a large number was harvested)
- Unsure of “allowable surplus” remains relatively stable from year to year, are subject to fluctuation over short periods of time.
What is Optimum Sustainable Yield, and why is it a better approach?
- OSY suggests that 25% of the population can be harvested yearly, permitting another 25% to natural mortality.
- This approach allows for uncertainties like habitat quality, weather patterns, and future conditions
How are BC harvest rates compared to MSY?
- Only 6% - 15% of population are harvested
What is the BC resident hunter number (now the FWID)?
- card required to purchase hunting and species licences in BC
What is CORE?
- Conservation Outdoor Recreation Education course required to get your BC hunter number (FWID)
What is Limited Entry Hunting? Where do you find information on LEH?
- Region specific, only a specific number, must pay to have your chance to be selected, only those selected can hunt
- Information is found on the LEH synopsis
What is General Open Season?
- Open to anyone with a valid hunting licence for that year
What are some key points against trapping?
- Traps cause suffering
- Trapping for fur for fashion is immoral
- Trapping kills/injures many non-target species
What are some key points in favour of trapping?
- Data from trappers helps managers know what is going on with the fur bearing species
- Fur sales help economic welfare of some people
- Rabies, distemper and other diseases are supressed by trapping
- Death by nature can be more painful and harsh than trapping
Can you trap anywhere, anytime in BC?
- NO, only in designated trap lines at specific times of year
What is CLASS 1 in trapping terms?
- A species that can be managed on individual trap lines such as beaver, fox, marten, mink, muskrat, raccoon, skunk, weasel
What is CLASS 2 in trapping terms?
- A species that moves between traplines, so not managed on an individual trapline instead managed at a regional level in consultation with local trappers - lynx, bobcat, wolverine, otter
What is CLASS 3 in trapping terms?
- A species that moves between trap lines but are not vulnerable to over trapping - wolf coyote
What is a spike fork bull moose?
- a bull moose which has no more than 2 tines on one antler including the tines on main beam and brow palms (does not include calf)
What is a tri-palm bull moose?
- a bull moose having at least one antler with brow palm bearing 3 or more tines
What is a spike buck?
- Male juvenile (deer, elk, moose) with unbranched antlers
Provide 5 unlawful points.
- Making a false statement to an officer
- Capture, posses or keep in captivity any wildlife without permit
- To posses, take, injure or destroy a bird, egg, or nest of any bird except those designated by regulations
- Sell or buy migratory birds
- Traffic live wildlife, wildlife meat, or offer to do so
- Dump or discard litter
- Damage or interfere with lawfully set trap
- Hunt female mountain goat with kid
- Hunt black bear under 2 years old or any bear in its company
- Hunt glacier or spirit bear
Who were the original “conservationists” in BC?
- Hunters and Anglers
What are the 7 components to BC’s model for managing wildlife in North America?
- Wildlife is held in the public trust
- Eliminating commerce in dead wildlife (buying/selling)
- Allocating wildlife through law
- Hunting opportunity for all
- Wildlife may be killed only for legitimate purposes
- Wildlife is an international resource
- Science is the basis for wildlife policy
What is the approximate annual $$ spent by hunters in the US?
- $7.5 billion
Why do we have a healthy and abundant wildlife populations in BC today?
- Because individuals ensured they followed the regulations and conservation model
