surgical problems in children Flashcards

1
Q

describe the presentation of pyloric stenosis

A

milk projectile vomiting - not yellow or green
around 6 months

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2
Q

how does pyloric stenosis occur and how do you treat it?

A

pylorus muscle becomes too thick so passage gets too narrow for milk to pass
treat with laprascopic surgery

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3
Q

how does intussusception present?

A

severe pain that you can notice in a baby
green/ yellow vomit
red mucus stool
presents at 3-24 months most commonly
can feel a ‘sausage’ on the abdomen on examination
- child screams then goes floppy
- target sign on ultrasound

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4
Q

what is intussusception?

A

one part of the bowel slides into another part causing tightness of the gut lumen causing obstruction

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5
Q

how to you treat paediatric intussusception?

A

air reduction- enema
surgery if fails

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6
Q

what is the telltale sign of appendicitis in children?

A

pain over speed bumps
if unsure ask them to jump- they won’t in appendicitis

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7
Q

what causes painful scrotum with small palpable lump or visible blue dot in children?

A

Hydatids of Morgagni - left over female genitalia from early development - with torsion
usually resolves on its own but can be surgically removed

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8
Q

what is idiopathic scrotal oedema?

A

red inflamed scrotum and peroneum seen in ages 5-10
not painful but can be itchy

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9
Q

what steroid is given for abnormally tight foreskin?

A

betamethasone

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10
Q

what is hypospadias?

A

a birth defect in boys in which the opening of the urethra is not located at the tip of the penis

treated with surgical resection when child is around 1

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11
Q

describe hydrocele

A

swelling in the scrotum caused by fluid buildup in the sac surrounding the testicles
seen in newborns and often go away without treatment before age 1
textbook sign is they glow under a light but inguinal hernia also do this

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