Surgery- SIRS

Question 1

Best characterized DAMP in the context of injury associated inflammation

Answer 1

High motility Group B1 (HMGB1)

Question 2

How does the CNS sense inflammation?

Answer 2

DAMPs and inflammatory molecules

Question 3

The pro inflammatory response is countered by what mechanism?

Answer 3

HPA axis and release of glucocorticoids

Question 4

What will manifest in the inflammatory stimuli in the CNS

Answer 4

increased sleep, lethargy, reduced appetite, fever

Question 5

Peripheral inflammation and tissue damage can also be signaled to the brain via?

Answer 5

Vagus nerve

Question 6

Vagal stimulation will result in the activation of B2 adrenergic receptors that will release

Answer 6

Acetylcholine

Question 7

What does the Ach do to regulate the pro inflammatory response?

Answer 7

Targets the alpha-7 nicotinic Ach receptor

1. Blocks cell activation
2. Inhibits cytokine production
3. Shifting of microphage toward an M2 anti-inflammatory
4. Inhibits intracellular binding

Question 8

Two principles in the neuroendocrine pathways that orchestrate the host response

Answer 8

HPA

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 9

Sympathetic nervous system releases what hormones?

Answer 9

Catecholamines, norepi, epi

Question 10

Major glucocorticoid in humans and is essential for survival during significant physiologic stress

Answer 10

Cortisol