Surgery

Question 1

what is the equation to calculate childs weight

Answer 1

Wt (kg ) = 2 x (Age +4)

Question 2

what is the blood volume per kg

Answer 2

Blood Volume (mls) = 80mls/kg

Question 3

how do you calculate systolic BP in children?

Answer 3

Systolic BP (mm Hg) = 80 + (2 x Age )

Question 4

does younger or older children have a faster RR?

Answer 4

younger children have a higher RR

Question 5

does younger or older children have a faster HR?

Answer 5

younger children have a higher HR

Question 6

does younger or older children have a higher BP?

Answer 6

older children have a high BP

Question 7

what is the pain barrier for children?

Answer 7

need to go through teachers, parents, GP, A&E and doctors

Question 8

what bolus should be given as fluid management resuscitation?

Answer 8

20ml/kg bolus 0.9% NaCl

Question 9

if abdo pain is constant wha is a DD ?

Answer 9

peritonitis

Question 10

what colour is bile?

Answer 10

green

Question 11

what investigation should be done for all abdo pain?

Answer 11

urinanalysis

Question 12

what is the murphys triad of classical appendicitis ?

Answer 12

pain
vomiting
fever

Question 13

state some complications of appendicitis ?

Answer 13

abscess
peritonitis
mass in abdo - due to omentum wrapping around and causes a mass (tx = antibiotics)

Question 14

what are some features of non specific abdo pain?

Answer 14

short duration
central 
constant 
not made worse by movement
no GIT disturbance
no temperature
site & severity of tenderness vary

Question 15

what gender is more affected by NSAP?

Answer 15

girls

Question 16

what is a clue for pneumonia in children?

Answer 16

sicker than abdo signs

Question 17

what age is affected by pyloric stenosis?

Answer 17

4-8 weeks old

Question 18

what gender is more affected by pyloric stenosis?

Answer 18

males

Question 19

what type of vomiting occurs with pyloric stenosis?

Answer 19

non bilious projectile

Question 20

what are the three features of capillary gas of pyloric stenosis?

Answer 20

alkalosis
hypochloraemia
hypokalaemia

Question 21

is malrotation serious?

Answer 21

yes very

Question 22

what is the vomiting with intussusception?

Answer 22

bilious

Question 23

what is the management of intussusception?

Answer 23

pneumostatic reduction

laparotomy

Question 24

what does the USS show with intussusception?

Answer 24

target sign

Question 25

does an umbilical hernia need treated?

Answer 25

no

Question 26

what is Gastroschisis?

Answer 26

abdominal wall defect where the gut has eviscerated and is exposed

Question 27

what is exomphalos?

Answer 27

umbilical defect with covered viscera

Question 28

is exomphalos serious?

Answer 28

yes because of the associated conditions such as cardiac and chromosomal conditions