Surgery

Question 1

Epididymal cyst

Answer 1

Separate to testes
Felt posteriorly
Dx with uss

Question 2

Hydrocele

Answer 2

Accumulation of fluid within the tunica vaginalis
Transillumination can get above the mass
Need USS to r/o cause dx can be made clinically
Communicating hydroceles are common in newborn males - if do not resolve by 1-2 yrs old for surgery

Question 3

Varicele

Answer 3

Enlarged bed veins bag of worms
Dx USS
If mild unilateral conservative
Mod to severe if asymptomatic then semen analysis yearly
if symptomatic with semen abnormality for surgery

Question 4

Meniscal tear

Answer 4

Thalessys test stand on affected leg 20 Deg then twist knee if pain it’s positive
Locking giving way pain worse on knee extension