Paeds Flashcards
Kawasaki
Orla ulcers strawberry tongue
Bilat conjunctivitis
Cerv lymphs
Polymorphous rash
fever >5 days
Uti
<3 months admit
0-6 months
- atypical features + recurrent USS acutely + dmsa in 6 months
- typical that responds with abx- USS within 6 wks
6 months - 3 yrs old
- atypical acute USS
-recurrent 6wk USS
Both needs dmsa in 6 months
3 yrs+
-atypical USS acutely
- recurrent USS 6 wks + dmsa 6 months
Atypical ft : poor response to abx in 48hrs mass sepsis poor outflow non e coli organism
Gastroenteritis
Diarrhoea 5-7 days stops within 2 wks
Vomiting 1-2 days stops within 3 days
Post meningiocococal b infection
Audiogram as sensoneural deafness is a complication
newborn with bilateral undescended testes
urgent review as associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and ambiguous genitalia
if unilateral undescended testes if not descended by 3 months to refer
measles
koplik spots - small white spots on bucal mucosa
rash starts behind the ears then to the whole body 0 desquamation that typicalls spares palms and soles
most common complication is otitis media, where complication that causes death is pneumonia
subacute sclerosisng panencephalitis presents 5-10 yrs after disease
kids who come into contact with affected give immunisation w/n 72hrs if not immunised
Roselea infantum
Fever followed by rash on trunk
Febrile convulsions common
6 months- 2 yrs old
Phimosis
Cannot retract foreskin, ballooning on micturition and no discomfort - reassure and monitor if <2 yrs old
If more than 2 or recurrent uti to refer
Congenital hernias
Congenital hernias
inguinal: repair ASAP
umbilical: manage conservatively if not resolved by age 4-5
Scarlet fever
Rash usually starts on face then body ‘sandpaper’ pink rash and ‘strawberry’ tongue.
caused by Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus
Immune thrombocytopenia purpura
ITP typically presents in young children with sudden onset of petechiae, bruising, and mucosal bleeding (e.g., nosebleeds). It often follows a viral infection and is characterised by isolated thrombocytopenia on blood tests, with normal white blood cell count and haemoglobin levels.
Cephalohaematoma
Several hours after birth, doesn’t cross suture lines, can take months to resolve
Caput succedaneum
Forms at birth
Crosses suture line
Resolves after a few days
Acute lymphoblastic anaemia
causes pancytopenia but is associated with hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and systemic symptoms such as fever and bone pain,
Factor vII or IX (haemophilia)
causes prolonged aPTT due to a coagulation factor deficiency. It is also more likely to present with haemarthrosis (joint bleeding) rather than mucosal bleeding.
X link recessive
Von willebrand
Bleeding gums
Most common
Prolonged PT rest normal
Developmental milestones motor
-7-8months sit without support (refer by 12 months)
-12 months cruises
-13-15months (refer at 18 boys and 24 months girls) walks without support
-2 yrs runs (refer by 2.5 yrs)
-3yrs bike and walk up stairs
-4 yrs hop on one leg
No school exclusion
Conjunctivitis
Fifth disease (slapped cheek)
Roseola
Infectious mononucleosis
Head lice
Threadworms
Hand, foot and mouth
immunization schedule
2 months - 6 in 1 (diptheria, hep B, pertussos, polio, hib, tetanus), rotavirus, Men B
3 months - 6 in 1, rotavirus, PCV
4 months - 6 in 1, Men B
12 months - MMR, PCV, HIb/Men C, Men B
3-4 yrs - 4 in 1 and tetanus
12-13 yrs - HPV and Men ACWY
Gillick competence
right to accept treatment not to refuse treatment
Fraser guidelines only for contraception
sturge weber syndrome
learning disability with epilepsy
prader willi
genital hypoplasia, obese baby, learning disability, neonatal hypotonia, small or non palpable testes
fragile X
X-linked
learning disability
large head
hyperactivity
autism
patent ductus ateriosus
contunuous machine like murmur maximally heard under the L clavicle
common in premature babies
Klinefelters 47 XXY
High LH low testosterone
Gynaecomastia, small testes, tall
One hand dominance
if less than 18 months old then refer as may be a sign of hemiparesis or cerebral palsy
DUchenne muscular dystrophy
leardning difficulties
mobility issues + gowers sign
jaundice
less than 24hrs post birth - rhesus imcompatibility
after 24hrs is physiological or breast feeding jaundice
after 3 wks is biliary atresia or hypothyroisidm
noonans syndrome
pectus excavatum, webbed neck, pulmonary stenosis
downs syndrome + turners
monitor TFTs
edwards trisomy 18
micrognathia, low set ears, rocker bottom feet, overlapping fingers
patau trisomy 13
polydactyly
microcephaly scalp lesions
pierre robinson
posterior displacement of the tongue
cleft palate
williams syndrome
friendly outgoing personality, short stature, supravalvular aortic stenosis, LD
learning disability
downs
cri du chat
williams syndrome
fragile X
turners (45X)
short stature, webbed neck, primary amenorrhoea, horse shoe kidney, bicuspic aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta, high arched palate
nuchal scanning - cause inc nuchal translucency
Down’s syndrome
congenital heart defects
abdominal wall defects
Causes of hyperechogenic bowel on nuchal scan
CMV, CF, downs
