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Surg Tech 126 > Surg 126--Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Surg 126--Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Surgery is a discipline that depends on visualizing the _____ and the _____ functioning of the body organs and systems.

A

anatomy

physiological

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2
Q

Surgery is very dependent on techniques that give insight into the _____, _____, and _____ of the structures of the body.

A

position
activity
health

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3
Q

X-rays were discovered at the turn of the 19th century by _____.

A

Carl Roentgen

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4
Q

Since its discovery, _____ has played a central role in the management of patients.

A

imaging (radiographic testing)

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5
Q

Radiographic testing (imaging) is used for both _____ and _____.

A

diagnosis

treatment

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6
Q

Pharmacologic agents called _____ are used in certain diagnostic radiographic tests.

A

radiopaque contrast media (ROCM)

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7
Q

To perform a radiopaque contrast media test, a _____ is injected into the circulatory system or instilled into a body cavity; then a radiograph is taken.

A

contrast medium

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8
Q

Many contrast media contain _____ or _____, which are radiopaque.

A

iodine

barium

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9
Q

_____ are solutions that color or mark tissue for identification.

A

Dyes

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10
Q

Dyes may be used to mark _____.

A

skin incisions

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11
Q

Dyes may be used to delineate normal _____.

A

tissue planes

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12
Q

Dyes may be used to _____ of certain anatomic structures during a surgical procedure.

A

enhance visualization

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13
Q

Dyes may be applied _____.

A

topically

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14
Q

Dyes may be injected into the _____.

A

bloodstream

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15
Q

Dyes may be instilled into a _____.

A

body cavity

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16
Q

_____ are used in surgery to help visually identify abnormal cells.

A

Staining agents

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17
Q

Staining agents are most frequently used in procedures on the _____.

A

cervix

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18
Q

_____ are chemicals in solution that react differently with abnormal cells from the way the react with normal cells.

A

Staining agents

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19
Q

_____ are high-density pharmacological agents used to visualize low-contrast body tissues.

A

Contrast media

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20
Q

Contrast media are used to visualize _____, _____, _____, and the _____.

A

vascular structures
the urinary bladder
the gastrointestinal tract
the biliary tree

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21
Q

Contrast media can be easily confused with other medications on the sterile back table because they are _____.

A

clear in color

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22
Q

Many contrast media contain iodine, so a thorough patient history of _____ or _____ to iodine must be obtained and noted in their chart.

A

allergies

reactions

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23
Q

The various ROCM work immediately when injected into _____ and _____.

A

veins

arteries

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24
Q

ROCM can be instilled intravascularly into _____ to make the heart and major thoracic vessels visible.

A

the heart chambers

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25
Q

Intravascular ROCM are excreted by the kidneys usually within _____ hours.

A

24

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26
Q

Omnipaque is also known as _____

A

Iohexol

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27
Q

Omnipaque is _____ and _____.

A

water-soluble

iodine-based

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28
Q

Omnipaque is available is various size and strengths and they are _____, _____, _____, and _____.

A 
140
180
240
300
350
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29
Q

Omnipaque comes in glass vials ranging in size from _____ mL to _____ mL.

A

10

250

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30
Q

Omnipaque is _____ from the site of administration.

A

absorbed

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31
Q

Omnipaque is excreted by the _____.

A

kidneys

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32
Q

Omnipaque may be injected _____ or _____.

A

intrathecally

intravascularly

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33
Q

When injected into a blood vessel, Omnipaque will _____ that blood vessel and all other vessels in the path of flow.

A

opacify

34
Q

Omnipaque is used in _____.

A

angiography

35
Q

A _____ may be performed with intravascular injection of Omnipaque.

A

retrograde urography

36
Q

Omnipaque may also be used for a _____.

A

cholangiography

37
Q

Hypaque is _____.

A

water-soluble

38
Q

Hypaque is supplied in glass vials of _____ mL and _____ mL.

A

50

100

39
Q

Common uses for _____ include excretory urography, angiography, cerebral angiography, peripheral arteriography, central venography, renal venography, and cholangiography.

A

Hypaque

40
Q

Hypaque can be inserted directly into the _____ via a catheter.

A

urinary bladder

41
Q

Visipaque is _____.

A

water-soluble

42
Q

Visipaque is absorbed into the _____.

A

bloodstream

43
Q

Visipaque is excreted virtually unchanged by the _____.

A

kidneys

44
Q

Visipaque is supplied in _____ mL vials, and _____ mL, _____ mL, and _____ mL glass and plastic bottles.

A

50
100
150
200

45
Q

_____ is used in cardiography; peripheral, visceral, and cerebral arteriography; contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the head and body, cholangiography, excretory urography, and peripheral venography.

A

Visipaque

46
Q

Isovue is _____.

A

water-soluble

47
Q

Isovue is used in intravascular, intrathecal, and body cavity administration for _____ procedures.

A

radiographic

48
Q

Isovue is rapidly absorbed into the _____.

A

bloodstream

49
Q

Isovue is predominately excreted by the _____.

A

kidneys

50
Q

_____ is used for lumbar and thoracocervical myelography, cerebral angiography, and many other procedures.

A

Isovue

51
Q

Operative Cholangiograms are used to determine the presence of stones in the _____.

A

common bile duct

52
Q

During an operative cholangiogram, the contrast media is diluted at the sterile back table with equal parts of _____.

A

normal saline solution

53
Q

Dyes are used to mark _____.

A

skin incisions

54
Q

Dyes are used to mark structural positioning of normal _____.

A

body anatomy

55
Q

Dyes are used for visual identification of an _____ or _____.

A

organ injury

pathology

56
Q

Methylene blue is most often used in surgery during procedures on the _____ or _____.

A

urinary bladder

fallopian tubes

57
Q

To detect possible injury, _____ is instilled into the bladder through an indwelling urinary catheter.

A

Mathylene blue

58
Q

Methylene blue is used to check for leaks or tears in the _____.

A

bladder

59
Q

In gynecology, methylene blue is used to demonstrate _____ of the fallopian tubes.

A

patency

60
Q

Methylene blue is used to check the fallopian tubes in a procedure called _____.

A

tubal dye study (TDS)

61
Q

Lymphazurin is administered _____.

A

subcutaneously

62
Q

Lymphazurin is picked up by _____ that drain the region of the injection site, making them a bright blue color.

A

lymphatic vessels

63
Q

Lymphazurin is most commonly used in the surgical setting for sentinel node biopsy for _____.

A

breast tumors

64
Q

After Lymphazurin is injected _____ minutes must pass before the first incision is made.

A

5

65
Q

After Lymphazurin is injected, the surgeon follows the blue path of _____ from the breast tumor to the first node of the axillary basin, or sentinel node, which is then dissected for pathological examination.

A

lymphatic drainage

66
Q

Indigo carmine is a _____ dye.

A

blue

67
Q

Indigo carmine is usually given _____.

A

intravenously

68
Q

Indigo carmine is used to color urine for verification of _____ or _____.

A

bladder integrity

kidney function

69
Q

Indigo carmine is excreted by the kidneys, usually within _____ minutes after intravenous injection.

A

10

70
Q

Indigo carmine allows for immediate identification of possible leaks or damage to the _____ or _____, as well as demonstration of kidney function.

A

ureters

bladder

71
Q

Gentian violet is a _____ dye.

A

purple

72
Q

Gentian violet is most frequently used in surgery to _____.

A

mark incision sites

73
Q

Sterile marking pens may be used to _____.

A

label containers of medications

74
Q

Staining agents may be used in surgery to help identify _____ for biopsy or excision.

A

abnormal tissue

75
Q

There are differences in metabolism between _____ and _____ cells.

A

normal

abnormal

76
Q

Some chemicals applied to the suspect area react in a way that more clearly demonstrates the _____.

A

location of tissue changes

77
Q

Lugol’s solution is a strong iodine mixture used to perform _____ on cervical tissue.

A

Schiller’s test

78
Q

Lugol’s solution is applied _____ to the external cervical os with a sponge stick or large cotton-tipped applicator.

A

topically

79
Q

Abnormal cells will not take up the _____ as readily as normal cells.

A

brown iodine stain

80
Q

Lugol’s solution is also used to treat overactive _____ function.

A

thyroid gland

Surg Tech 126 (9 decks)

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