Surface Mining Pt. 1 & 2 Flashcards
refers to the exploitation in which
mining of ore, coal or stone is carried on at the
surface with essentially no exposure of miners
underground
Surface Mining
In an open pit coal mine, the pit bottom would be the __________, since it is usually feasible to extract
multiple seams when surface mining coal.
bottom mined coal seam elevation
In a hard rock mine, the bottom of the pit would be the _______________ on the ore being mined
lowest level (elevation) that mining would be conducted
Factors affecting surface mine planning
Nature and Geologic Factors
Economic Factors
Technological Factors
Vertical distance between each horizontal level of the pit
Bench Height
major open pit and ore body configurations classifications
- Flat lying seam or bed, flat terrain
- Massive deposit, flat terrain
- Dipping seam or bed, flat terrain
- Massive deposit, high relief
- Thick-bedded deposits, little overburden
The major nickel ore deposits in the Philippines are in the form of
LATERITES.
________ is a type of soil rich in nickel and other metallic minerals that are formed through long-term physical and chemical weathering of __________ in wet and warm environments.
nickel laterite; ultramafic rocks
province with the highest active nickel mines
Surigao del Norte
The concept of circular economy in the utilization of metals is largely dependent on what distinct attribute of metals?
recyclability
What gives nickel laterite ores their characteristic reddish color?
high in Iron
In the HPAL process, what do we call the large tank where ore mixed with sulfuric acid is heated to yield nickel concentrates?
autoclave
What is the single most significant environmental consequence of nickel ore refining?
CO2 emission
Stoping is practiced in underground mineral mining when the surrounding rock is strong enough to permit the drilling, blasting, and removal of ore without caving.
open stoping
term for stope and pillar when used in coal mining
bord and pillar mining
