Supporting Tissue Flashcards
1
Q
Hyaline cartilage
A
- main components: extra cellular ground substance and collagenous fibers
- smooth and evenly placed
- contains no nerves nor blood vessels
- gets nutrients/oxygen though movement
- buried in the matrix are the lacunae cavities containing the chrondrocytes
2
Q
Lacunae
A
- cavities containing the chrondrocytes (cells of the cartilage)
3
Q
Capsule
A
- not a discrete structure, but is present in stained slides
4
Q
Perichondrium
A
- connective tissue around the cartilage
- the cells of its innermost layer look like ordinary fibroblasts, but are actually primitive cartilage cells
5
Q
Elastic cartilage
A
- numerous fibers of elastin that are very visible
- less matrix and more indigenous groups of chrondrocytes
- “dirty” and packed (when stained w/ orecin)
6
Q
Fibrocartilage
A
- fare/difficult to find
- visible bands of eosinophilic collagen
- dense regular CT
- the cells in their lacunae tend to line up btwn the eosinophilic bands of collagen, but are similar to hyaline cartilage
7
Q
Tendon
A
- very symmetrical arrangement of fibers and nuclei
- no lacuna, no nerves, look for “railroads”
- contains fibroblasts
8
Q
Bone
A
- its ground substance is impregnated with a hydrated calcium phosphate salt called hydroxyapatite
- 2 categories: cancellous (spongy bone) and compact bone
9
Q
Cancellous (spongy) bone
A
- ## has spicules (thin walls) of bone amidst many cells
10
Q
Compact bone
A
- outer bone is called compact bone, while the inner marrow cavity may be cross-crossed by thin strands of bone called trabeculae
- all mature bone is formed in layers called lamellae which are organized into sets of concentric rings called osetons or Haversian
- within the lamellae are small spaces (lacunae) in which osetocytes reside
- naeighboring lacunae are interconnected by thin channels (canaliculi)
11
Q
Ground bone
A
- desiccated (or dried up) bone that is ground so thin as to be translucent (not stained)
- calcium
- Haversian canal is the inside part of a osteon
- canaliculi are the thin lines in the osteon
- osteocyte lacunae is the black dots in the osteon
12
Q
Red marrow
A
- most of the bone in the skull surrounds red marrow
- the combo of 2 compact bony plates sandwiching a layer of cancellous bone and its as associated red marrow is called diploe
13
Q
Yellow marrow
A
- found inside the shafts of adult long bones
- contains white fat addition to the hemopoetic tissue
14
Q
Osteoclasts
A
- resorption bay (reabsorbs the bone)
- “clash of the titans”
15
Q
Osteoblasts
A
- builds the layers of bone
- they increase the diameter of the bone by adding layers to its outside
16
Q
Osteocytes
A
- lives in lacuna
17
Q
Lamellae
A
- bone is laid down in layers called this
- the bone is then further organized into Haversian systems or osteons
18
Q
Volkman’s canals
A
- connections appear as canals and they carry blood vessels and verses laterally through the bone to the osteons
19
Q
Endosteum
A
- the layer of tissue that lines the inside of the bone (marrow cavity)
20
Q
Crown
A
- the region of the tooth above the gum line
- end of the tooth that has a tan colored
21
Q
Enamel
A
- the tan layer in the crown is this
- hardest substance that the body makes
22
Q
Dentin-enamel junction
A
- base of the enamel layer
23
Q
Dentin
A
- beneath the DEJ and is comprised most of the bulk of the tooth
- are oriented perpendicular to the surface of the tooth
24
Q
Dentinal tubules
A
- look like black lines which are roughly S-shaped
- look like whale teeth
- long, branching canals which bridge the entire width of the dentin
25
Q
Pulp cavity
A
- center of the tooth contains this cavity
- contains blood vessels, nerve fibers and lose CT collectively called pulp
26
Q
Cementum
A
- where the enamel ends the dentin is covered by cementum
- it is continuous over the remainder of the tooth, the roots
- the interface between the cementum and dentin is the cementum-dentin junction
27
Q
Apical foramen
A
- blood capillaries and nerves enter the pulp cavity though an apical foramen at the tip of each root
28
Q
Root canal
A
- dentin surround the both the pulp cavity and its extension into the root of the tooth as the root canal
- filled with fine CT, fibroblasts, histocytes, and dentin-forming cells
29
Q
Decalcified sections
A
- not the same as ground section
