Circulatory System

Question 1

human artery

Answer 1

• contains tunica media, tunica intima, and an elastic membrane
• smooth muscle
• white blood cells
• has a curved inside
• has a larger tunica Edina than a vein

Question 2

Tunica intima

Answer 2

• the inner layer (closest to the lumen) which is longitudinally-arranged and includes the endothelium

Question 3

Tunica media

Answer 3

• external to the tunica intima and is a layer of circulatory arranged structures
• consists of smooth msucle

Question 4

Tunica adventitia

Answer 4

• the external most layer and is longitudinally-arranged

Question 5

Human vein

Answer 5

• has a smaller tunica media than the artery

Question 6

Arterioles

Answer 6

• smallest arteries
• the tunica media is limited in thickness to one or two layers of smooth muscle cells
• the internal elastic membrane is lacking is these

Question 7

Capillary

Answer 7

• one red or white cloud cell wide

Question 8

Lymph node

Answer 8

• encapsulated masses of reticular CT
• has a capsule of dense CT w/ infolding traceculae
• outer zone is composed of dense lymphocytes called cortex
• in the cortex are the germinal centers surrounded by the corona
• the dense inner strands are called medullary cords spaced with medullary sinuses

Question 9

Spleen

Answer 9

• acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled here and platelets & white blood cells are stored here
• stains bright pink throughout the “red pulp”
• stains purple throughout the “white pulp” (consists of densely packed lymphocytes around central arteries)

Question 10

Thymus

Answer 10

• made of densely packed lymphocytes
• lighter stained tissue in the middle of the gland is the medulla
• reticular cells (cells w/ long processes that act as a framework)
• thymocytes (progenitors of the T-cells)
• in the medulla, the hassall’s body is found here

Question 11

Erythrocytes

Answer 11

-take up the eosin only and appear as pinkish lighter than the edges
- most numerous entities

Question 12

Neutrophils

Answer 12

• large cells w/ a multi-lobed nucleus (4-5) and very fine dust like granules that do not obscure the nucleus

Question 13

Lymphocytes

Answer 13

• 20% total
• small= mostly nucleus, cytoplasm forms a thin ring around the large nucleus
• medium= more cytoplasm, but still a lot nucleus
• large= looks like monocytes

Question 14

Monocytes

Answer 14

• 5% total
• large indented nucleus in the mature form, folded over on itself like a “U”
• sparse granules like the neutrophil (circulating forms of macrophages)

Question 15

Eosinophils

Answer 15

• have a polymorphic nucleus (consists of 2-3 lobes)
• bright red granules that do not obscure the nucleus
• cytoplasm is darker than the erythrocyte

Question 16

Basophils

Answer 16

• less than 1% of total
• granules stain a dense blue like the mast cells
• completely obscure the outline of the nucleus-> these are the histamine secreting cells

Question 17

Platelets

Answer 17

• seen as small irregular shaped fragments that are about 1/4 the size of a red blood cell
• produced from megakaryocytes and are responsible for eh coagulation of the blood