support and movement

Question 1

Bones and Cartilages

Answer 1

The endoskeleton is primarily made up of two types of tissues which are bones and cartilage. Both bones and cartilage are types of rigid connective tissue and consists of cells embedded in the matrix of protein called collagen.

Question 2

bones (spongy and compact)

Answer 2

Spongy Bones:
-Spongy Bones are also called cancellous bones
-They light, spongy and soft in nature
-They are made up of trabeculae
-They fill the inner layer of most bones
-Bone-marrow cavity absent
-Bone marrow produces red corpuscles and white granular corpuscles
-It forms the ends or epiphyses of long bones

Compact Bones:
-Compact bones are also called cortical bones
-They are heavy, tough and compact in nature
-They are made up of osteons
-They fill the outer layer of most bones
-Bone-marrow cavity present in the centre
-Bone marrow stores fat
-It forms the shaft or diaphysis of long bones

Question 3

cartilages (hyaline and fibro cartilage)

Answer 3

The main difference between fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage is that fibrocartilage is stiff and contains many collagen fibers whereas hyaline cartilage is a soft cartilage that contains fewer fibers.
-Hyaline - most common, found in the ribs, nose, larynx, trachea. Is a precursor of bone.
-Fibro- is found in invertebral discs, joint capsules, ligaments.

Question 4

Cells Associated with Bone

Answer 4

(i) Osteoblasts: These are bone- forming cells.
(ii) Osteocytes: These are mature bone cell.
(iii) Osteoclasts: These are bone dissolving cells.