Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

S&F III: Exam 1 > Superior and Posterior Mediastinum > Flashcards

Superior and Posterior Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

Location of Superior Mediastinum

A

A/P: Manubrium to T1-T4

S/I: Thoracic inlet to level of sternal angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Location of Posterior Mediastinum

A

A/P: pericardium to T5-T12

S/I: sternal angle to sloping diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anterior & Superior Mediastinum

A

thymus gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Middle & Superior Mediastinum

A

large vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Posterior & Superior Mediastinum

A

tubular structures (aorta, trachea, etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Superior Mediastinum Structures

A

LR brachiocephalic vv.; Aortic Arch; Braciocephalic A; LCCA; L Subclavian A; Trachea; L recurrent Laryngeal N;

**Esophagus; Thoracic Duct; Phrenic nn.; Vagus nn.; Thymus; SVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anterior Inferior Mediastinum Structures

A

Mediastinal lymph nodes

**Thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Middle Inferior Mediastinum Structures

A

Pericardium, Heart, AA, PA, Pvv, IVC, Arch of Azygos V

**Phrenic nn.; SVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Posterior Inferior Mediastinum Structures

A

Hemiazygos V; Accessory Hemiazygos V.; DA; Thoracic Splanchic Nn.

**Vagus, Thoracic Duct, Esophagus, Azygos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aortic Arch

A

@ level of sternal angle (Rib 2); superior m.

courses from R2L, A2P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Brachiocephalic Artery

A

lgst branch of aortic arch
ant. and rt. of trachea; medial to SVC and rt BCV
branches at right sternoclavicular joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Right Common Carotid

A

BCA branch; rt side of head and neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rt Subclavian Artery

A

BCA branch; right upper extremity

superior and posterior to corresponding vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Left CCA

A

aortic arch branch
supplies lt head and neck
left side of trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

left Subclavian Artery

A

supplies left upper extremity

left side of trachea and esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

DA (thoracic aorta)

A

passes thru aortic hiatus in diaphragm at level of T12 (anterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Posterior Intercostal Arteries

A

9 Paired parietals of DA

ICS 3-11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Superior Intercostal Branch

A

costocervical trunk branch (subclavian origin)

ICS 1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Subcostal Arteries

A

1 paired parietal of DA

below rib 12, above diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Superior Phrenic Arteries

A

1 paired parietal of DA

upper side of diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Left Bronchial Arteries

A

2 unpaired branches of DA

to viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Esophageal Arteries

A

2 unpaired branches of DA

to viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Brachiocephalic Veins

A

formed by union of internal jugular veins and subclavian veins @ post. sternoclavicular joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Rt brachiocephalic Vein

A

rt sternoclav join to right costal cartilage of rib 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Lt brachiocephalic vein

A

OBLIQUELY crosses to join RBCV to form SVC

located between thymus and BCT/LCCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

SVC

A

formed by union of BCVs
right costal cartilages of ribs 1-3
receives azygos at sternal angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Azygos vein

A

empties at SVC at level of Sternal Angle, superior to root of lung!
drains blood from: rt. PIV, hemi/accessory, esophageal v, bronchial v, vertebral venous plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Posterior intercostal veins

A

right thoracic wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos

A

left thoracic wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

esophageal veins

A

…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

bronchial veins

A

…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

vertebral venous plexus

A

vertebral column and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

bronchogenic tumors

A

metastasize from lungs to SC thru azygos vein path

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

right ascending lumbar vein

A

drains right posterolateral ab wall into IVC

and cont. as azygos

35
Q

left ascending lumbar vein

A

left posterolateral ab wall into IVC

and cont. as hemiazygos

36
Q

hemiazygos vein

A

drains lower left ICS through left posterior ICS vv. and then joins azygos (~8th ICS)

37
Q

accessory hemiazygos vein

A

drains middle left ICS (5-7), crosses midline to join azygos vein

38
Q

Rt superior intercostal vein

A

upper right intercostal spaces into arch of azygos

not in post. mediastinum

39
Q

Lt superior intercostal vein

A

upper left ICS into left BCV

not in post. mediastinum

40
Q

SVC syndrome

A

blocked off by tumor, can’t get blood away from upper body.
distended Jugulars*
bypass blockage thru azygos emptying into IVC

41
Q

Liver tumor

A

obstructs IVC

bypass thru azygos into SVC

42
Q

right border of Superior Mediastinum

A

Rt BCV and SVC

43
Q

where does azygos enter post. mediastinum

A

aortic hiatus of diaphragm (rt side)

44
Q

thoracic duct

A

drains everything but right side of body lung up

several valves

45
Q

cisterna chyli

A

immed. inferior to diaphragm, anterior to L1, on right of aorta

46
Q

where does thoracic duct enter

A

aortic hiatus

47
Q

thoracic duct in post. mediastinum

A

btwn azygos vein and thoracic aorta; posterior to esophagus

48
Q

thoracic duct in super. mediastinum

A

posterior to left border of esophagus

49
Q

thoracic duct in root of neck

A

drains into beginning of left brachiocephalic vein

50
Q

what lymph trunks does thoracic duct receive

A

left jugular (head), left subclavian (upper limb), left bronchomedistinal (left lung)

51
Q

Rt lymphatic duct

A

NOT in MEDIASTINUM; rt side of root of neck

drains into rt. brachiocephalic vein

52
Q

what does right lymphatic duct receive?

A

right subclavian , right bronchomediastinal, right jugular

53
Q

Can rt lymph trunks drain anywhere else?

A

yes right internal jugular or subclavian veins

54
Q

Phrenic nerve

A

courses inferiorly in superior and middle mediastinum

55
Q

Right phrenic nerve loc in superior med.

A

btwn right subclavian artery and vein;

in contact with lateral borders of rt BCV and SVC

56
Q

left phrenic nerve loc in superior med

A

btwn lt subclavian a and vein

crosses arch of aorta ANTERIOR to left vagus nerve

57
Q

phrenic nerve loc in middle med

A

btwn mediastinal parietal pleura and fibrous pericardium

ANT to root of lung!!

58
Q

Right phrenic nerve exit

A

Caval opening of diaphragm with the IVC

59
Q

Lt phrenic nerve exit

A

PIERCES diaphragm

60
Q

vagus nerve innerv.

A

all thoracic viscera, most of gut (colic flex of lg intestine)

61
Q

Lt vagus nerve in superior mediastinum

A

crosses left side of aortic arch and gives off recurrent laryngeal nerve

62
Q

Left laryngeal nerve path

A

crosses underneath ligamentum arteriosum and aortic arch

ascends btwn esophagus and trachea

63
Q

Rt vagus nerve in sup. mediastinum

A

anterior to right subclavian artery and descends lateral to trachea

64
Q

rt recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

NOT in Mediastinum–> hooks around Rt. Subclavian A.

65
Q

other vagus branches in superior mediastinum

A

cardiac and pulmonary nerves join the respective plexuses

66
Q

vagus nerve in posterior mediastinum

A

passes posterior to root of lung and forms trunks that pass through diaphragm with esophagus
left anterior; right posterior

67
Q

thymus

A

immediately posterior to manubrium

supplied by ITA and inferior thyroid arteries

68
Q

Trachea

A

C6; anterior and right to esophagus;

69
Q

where are principle bronchi located

A

middle mediastinum

70
Q

food in trachea

A

goes into right main bronchi bc its shorter, wider, and vertical
goes into lower or middle lobe

71
Q

left main bronchus

A

crosses anterior to esophagus and aorta (can constrict esophagus!!)

72
Q

Carina

A

division of trachea into bronchi

cancer can cause distortion

73
Q

esophagus superiorly

A

btwn trachea and SC

74
Q

esophagus posteriorly

A

enters through esophageal hiatus at T10, anterior to DA

posterior to pericardium and LA

75
Q

Constrictions of esophagus

A

were pharynx narrows to form it (C6)
arch of the aorta (disc of T4-T5)
left main bronchus (T5)
esophageal hiatus (diagphragm)

76
Q

hypertrophy of left atrium

A

compresses and displaces the posterior esophagus

77
Q

blood supply in thorax

A

esophageal (DA)

esophageal (azygos)

78
Q

All structures at Sternal Angle (rib 2, disc of T4-T5)

A 
arch of the aorta
demarcation of superior and inferior mediastinum
superior extent of fibrous pericardium
trachea division
azygos enters SVC
79
Q

structures through diaphragm

A

Caval (T8): IVC and rt Phrenic
Esophageal (T10): Esophagus, Vagal nerve trunks
Aortic (T12): DA, thoracic duct, azygos vein (RWB)
Crura: Greater, Lesser, Least Splanchnic nerves

80
Q

Caval Structures

A

T8: IVC and rt Phrenic

81
Q

Esophageal Hiatus Structures

A

(T10): Esophagus, Vagal nerve trunks

82
Q

Aortic hiatus structures

A

(T12): DA, thoracic duct, azygos vein (RWB)

83
Q

Crura structures

A

Greater, Lesser, Least Splanchnic nerves

S&F III: Exam 1 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions