Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

S&F III: Exam 1 > Mediastinum/Pericardial Cavity Development > Flashcards

Mediastinum/Pericardial Cavity Development Flashcards

1
Q

Superior Border of Mediastinum

A

thoracic inlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Thoracic Inlet

A

T1, rib 1, suprasternal notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Inferior Border of Mediastinum

A

thoracic outlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

thoracic outlet

A

T12, diaphragm, xiphoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lateral Border of Mediastinum

A

mediastinal parietal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Superior Mediastinum

A

above horizontal plane btwn sternal angle and T4-T% disc

A-P btwn manubrium and T1-T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Inferior Mediastinum

A

btwn body and xyphoid process of sternum and T-5 through T-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Anterior Mediastinum

A

(Inf subdiv)

smallest, btwn pericardium and sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Middle Mediastinum

A

(Inf Subdiv)

contains the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Posterior Mediastinum

A

(inf subdiv)

btwn heart and T5-T12; contains tubular structures (esophagus, aorta)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Thymus Gland

A

(Anterior M.)

bi-lobed lymphoid organ; mainly in Superior M.

fatty remnant in adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lymph Nodes

A

(Ant. M.)

potential site of tumor metastases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Middle Mediastinum Contents

A 
Heart (w/in Pericardial Sac)
Ascending Aorta
Pulmonary Trunk
Seven Veins (SVC, Azygos, IVC, 4 PVs)
Phrenic Nerve
Pericardiacophrenic Artery
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pericardium

A

membranous sac composed of outer fibrous membrane and inner serous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fibrous Pericardium

A

conical, inelastic, limits movement of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Apex of Fibrous Pericardium

A

pierced by Asc Aorta, SVC, Pulm Trunk; fused with their tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Base of Fibrous Pericardium

A

fused with central tendon of diaphragm; (respiratory movements affect it)

pierced by IVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Posterior of Fibrous Pericardium

A

pierced by 4 Pulm Veins; fused with their tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anterior of Fibrous Pericardium

A

tethered to sternum through sternopericardial ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cardiac tamponade

A

fluid in pericardial sac from torn heart or coronary vessel causes impaired beating due to external fluid pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

pericardial paracentesis

A

tx for cardiac tamponade

1) insert needle parasternally into LT 5/6 ICS
2) immed to LT of Xiphoid and angled post. and superiorly at 45*

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rt superior border of fibrous pericardium

A

extends to level of 2 costal cartilage (sternal angle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Rt superior border of heart

A

extends to level of 3 costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

embryology of fibrous pericardium

A

derived from body wall of somatic mesoderm of lateral plate

25
Serous pericardium
composed of two layers, pleural and visceral | forms coelomic lining of pericardial cavity
26
Parietal layer of serous pericardium
lines inner surface of fibrous pericardium, inseparable from it
27
visceral layer of serous pericardium
located on outer surface of heart, cont. with parietal layer of serous pericardium by reflecting onto great vessels
28
epicardium of heart
visceral layer of pericardium + subserous cT
29
Pericardial cavity
potential space btwn serious parietal/visceral pericardia | contains serous fluid
30
transverse pericardial sinus
(region of pericardial cavity) portion btwn SVC (post), AA/PT (ant), SPVv (inf.) formed by reflections of serous pericardium on above vessels
31
surgical landmark btwn SVC and PT/AA
transverse pericardial sinus
32
Oblique pericardial sinus
blind space of pericardial cavity btwn LA and post. wall of pericardial sac reflection of serous pericardium from RA on SVC/IVC and LA on 4PVv
33
Division of Intraembryonic Coelom Step 1
continuous space in the lateral mesoderm
34
Division of Intraembryonic Coelom Step 2
end of wk 3, horseshoe shaped cavity in the trilaminar embryo prior to head/tail/lat folding
35
Division of Intraembryonic Coelom Step 3
lateral folding brings L and R sides of horseshoe together to form 1 coelom
36
Division of Intraembryonic Coelom Step 4
The pleuropericardial membrane septae and the thoracic diaphragm septae develop which divide coelom into pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities
37
Pleuropericardial membrane
paired layers of somatic mesoderm that isolate the pleural cavities from the pericardial cavities
38
pleuropericardial membrane formation step 1
splitting off of inner layer of somatic mesoderm from the body wall due to rapid enlargement of developing lungs and future pleural cavities
39
pleuropericardial membrane formation step 2
fuse to each other to form the definitive fibrous pericardium, which surrounds newly partitioned pericardial cavity
40
pleuropericardial membrane innerv
phrenic nerves, lies btwn fibrous pericardium and mediastinal pleura
41
Thoracic diaphragm
separates the pleural and pericardial cavities from peritoneal cavities
42
What fuse together to form diaphragm?
septum transversum, paired pleuroperitoneal membranes, dorsal mesentery of the esophagus, myoblasts from somatic mesoderm of body wall
43
septum transversum
plate of mesoderm in ventral part of embryo that forms the central tendon of the diaphragm. incompletely separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity
44
R and L pleuroperitoneal canals
(septum transversum) spaces that link thoracic and ab coloemic cavities, loc. along foregut
45
pleuroperitoneal membranes
paired layers of somatic mesoderm located at caudal border of pleural cavities
46
pleuroperitoneal membrane formation
splitting of inner layer of somatic mesoderm from the body wall as the lungs enlarge (more caudal than pleuropericardial)
47
how are the pleuroperitoneal cavities closed?
pleuroperitoneal membrane fuses with septum transversum and dorsal mesentery of the esophagus
48
dorsal mesentery of the esophagus
forms the crura of the diaphragm invaded by myoblasts
49
myoblasts from the somatic mesoderm of body wall
cont. to muscles of diaphragm
50
Diaphragm formation step 1
septum transversum lies at level of cervical somites and nerve fibers of C3-C5 grow into it
51
Diaphragm formation step 2
descent of diaphragm to L1 result of rapid growth of CNS in dorsal embryo pushing it
52
Diaphragm formation step 3
phrenic nerve dragged inferiorly with the ST
53
phrenic n. innerv.
diaphragm muscles sensory to parietal pleura and parietal peritoneum of central diaphragm
54
intercostal n. innerv.
sensory to parietal pleura and parietal peritoneum of peripheral diaphragm (pleuroperitoneal membrane derive)
55
hernia
protrusion of structure through tissues that normally contain it
56
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (Foramen of Bochdalek)
hern. of ab organs into pleural cavity due to failure of pleuroperitoneal membrane (LT) to fuse with other contributors of the diaphragm. Causes compression of lungs, high mortality rate
57
Esophageal Hiatal Hernia
hern. of stomach thru enlarged esophageal hiatus of diaphragm; reflux due to esophageogastric sphincter being nonfunctional vomiting when laid on back
58
Parasternal hernia (Foramen of Morgagni)
hern. of ab viscera thru enlarged sternocostal hiatus (surrounds superior epigastric artery)

S&F III: Exam 1 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions