superficial heat - intro to thermotherapy

Question 1

what are the general effects of heat to the human body

Answer 1

hemodynamic effects
neuromuscular effects
metabolic effects
altered tissue extensibility

Question 2

what are the local hemodynamics effect of inc temp

Answer 2

inc temp - inflammation or redness lng nung are applied - release of vasodilators - vasodilation = inc bf

Question 3

what are the direct hemodynamics effect of inc temp

Answer 3

inc temp - activate cutaneous thermoreceptors - smooth muscle relaxation of bv - vasodilation = inc bf

Question 4

what are the indirect hemodynamics effect of inc temp

Answer 4

inc temp - activate cutaneous thermoreceptors - passes the DRG - dec sympathetic adrenergic activation -vasodilation = inc bf

Question 5

what are the neuromuscular effects of heat

Answer 5

inc NCV
inc pain threshold
altered muscle strength
dec firing rate

Question 6

further explain the inc in NCV due to heat

Answer 6

inc NCV by 2 m/s for every 1 deg rise

also reduces conduction latency kaya mas mabilis tlaga NCV

Question 7

further explain the inc in pain threshold due to heat

Answer 7

direct - gate control theory

indirect - decreases ischemia bcs inc BF = more O2
and breaks pain spasm cycle bcs more bf more O2 no more cramps

Question 8

further explain the altered muscle strength due to heat

Answer 8

initial 30 min = dec strength bcs muscle relaxes

> 30 min = strength normalizes

Question 9

further explain the dec in firing rate due to heat

Answer 9

dec firing rate of type 2 muscle spindle efferents and gamma efferents

inc of type 1b or GTO firing rate

= relax muscle

Question 10

what temp does the metabolic effects of heat take place

Answer 10

increased metabolic rate at 39-43 deg

beyond 45 deg - protein in enzymes start to denature and activity dec

beyond 50 - activities cease

Question 11

what are the metabolic effects of heat

Answer 11

inc MTR

can accelerate healing of chronic wounds

inc collagenase = destroy articular cartilage for RA

shifts O2-Hgb dissociation curve to the right = makes O2 available for wound healing

Question 12

explain the altered tissue extensibility as an effect of heat

Answer 12

soft tissue heating prior to stretching will change the organization of collagen and viscoelasticity of the fibers

Question 13

how is altered tissue extensibility achieved

Answer 13

tissue heating maintained at 40-45 deg for 5-10 mins pero usually 20 mins para mas sure

Question 14

what are the methods of heat gain

Answer 14

conduction
convection
radiation