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Anatomy Lab > Superficial/Deep Back Muscles > Flashcards

Superficial/Deep Back Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

Trapezius: origin

A

Descending: EOP, superior part of nuchal ligament

Transverse: inferior part of nuchal ligament, spinous process C7-T3

Ascending: supraspinous ligament, spinous process T4-T12

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1
Q

Trapezius: actions and insertions

Antagonists?

A

Actions: elevates, depresses, retracts and rotates scapula

Insertions:
Descending trapezius = lateral 1/3 clavicle
Transverse trapezius = acromion
Ascending trapezius = scapular spine

Antagonist: serratus anterior, latissimus

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2
Q

Trapezius: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: dorsal scapular artery

Nervous: CNXI, VPR C3-C4

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3
Q

Levator scapulae: actions and insertion

Antagonists?

A

Actions: elevate scapula

Insertions: superior angle/superior part of medial border of the scapula

Antagonist: latissimus dorsi, trapezius, serratus anterior

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4
Q

Levator scapular: origin

A

Transverse processes C1-C4

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5
Q

Levator scapulae: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: dorsal scapular artery

Nervous: VPR dorsal scapular nerve (C5
Upper part by VPR C3-C4)

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6
Q

Rhomboid minor: actions and insertion

Antagonist?

A

Action: retracts, superiorly rotates, steadies scapula

Insertion: medial border superior to scapular spine

Antagonist: serratus anterior

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7
Q

Rhomboid minor: origins

A

Spinous process C6-C7/C7-T1

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8
Q

Rhomboid minor: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: dorsal scapular artery

Nervous: VPR dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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9
Q

Rhomboid major: actions and insertion

Antagonists?

A

Action: retracts, superiorly rotates to depress glenoid cavity, steadies scapula

Insertion: medial border of scapula inferior to spine

Antagonist: serratus anterior

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10
Q

Rhomboid major: origin

A

Spinous processes T1-T4/T3-T5

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11
Q

Rhomboid major: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: dorsal scapular artery

Nervous supply: VPR dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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12
Q

Latissimus dorsi: actions and insertions

Antagonists?

A

Action: adducts, extends, medial rotates arm

Insertion: floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus

Antagonist: deltoid and trapezius

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13
Q

Latissimus dorsi: origins

A

From vertebral to scapula to ribs to iliac

Spinous process T7-T12/T7-L5 and thoracolumbar fascia

Inferior angle of scapula

9th to 12th ribs

Iliac crest (posterior 1/3)

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14
Q

Latissimus dorsi: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: thoracodorsal artery (branch of subscapsular)

Nervous: thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)

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15
Q

Teres major: actions and insertions

Antagonist?

A

Action: internal/medial rotation, adduction and extension of the arm

Insertion: crest of lesser tuberosity of humerus (anterior angle)

Antagonist: teres minor

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16
Q

Teres major: origin

A

Inferior angle of scapula (shared with the latissimus dorsi)

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17
Q

Teres major: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: subscapular artery

Nervous: lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)

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18
Q

Name the muscles in the erector spinae group

A

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

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19
Q

Iliocostalis: action and insertion (3 parts)

A

Action: extends spine, ipsilateral bending

Insertions:
Cervicis - transverse processes C4-C6
Thoracic - 1-6 ribs
Lumborum - 6-12 ribs, deep thoracolumbar fascia, transverse processes of upper lumbar vertebrae

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20
Q

Iliocostalis: origins (3 parts)

A

Cervicis: 3-7 ribs
Thoracis: 7-12 ribs
Lumborum: thoracolumbar fascia, sacrum, iliac crest

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21
Q

Iliocostalis: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: segmentally by deep cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar (goes all the way down)

Nervous: DPR segmentally (C8-L1)

22
Q

Longissimus: actions and insertions (3 parts)

A

Action: extends head and spine, ipsilaterally flexes and rotates head and spine

Insertions:
Capitis - mastoid process of temporal bone
Cervicis - transverse processes C2-C5
Thoracis - 2-12 ribs, transverse processes of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae

23
Q

Longissimus: origins (3 parts)

A

Capitis: transverse processes of C4-C7, T1-T3
Cervicis: transverse processes of T1-T6
Thoracis: transverse processes of lower thoracic vertebrae, spinous process of lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and iliac crest

24
Q

Longissimus: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: deep cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar arteries

Nervous: DPR (C1-L5)

25
Q

Spinalis: action and insertions (2 parts)

A

Action: extend cervical and thoracic spine, ipsilateral bending of cervical and thoracic spine

Insertions:
Cervicis: spinous processes C2-C5
Thoracis: spinous process/lateral surfaces of T2-T8

26
Q

Spinalis: origins (2 parts)

A

Cervicis: spinous processes C5-T2
Thoracis: spinous processes/lateral surfaces of T10-L3

27
Q

Spinalis: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: deep cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar arteries

Nervous: DPR

28
Q

What are the muscles in the transversospinalis group and why are they called that?

A

Multifidus
Rotatores
Semispinalis

They are called this because the rotate to the OPPOSITE side (contralateral)

29
Q

What origins do the erector spinae group have in common?

A

Posterior sacrum

Sacro-iliac ligaments

Broad tendon inferiorly attached to posterior iliac crest

Spinous processes of sacrum

Spinous process of inferior lumbar

30
Q

Rotatores: action and insertions (2 lengths)

A

Action: extends spine, contralateral rotation

Insertions:
Breves - shorter, between transverse and spinous process of adjacent processes T1-T12
Longus - between transverse and spinous processes every other vertebrae T1-T12

31
Q

Rotatores: origins

A

Origins are the same as insertions (between every vertebrae for brevis, every other for longus…between transverse and spinous processes)

32
Q

Rotatores: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: deep cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, and lumbar arteries

Nervous: DPR

33
Q

Multifidus: action and insertions

A

Action: extend spine, ipsilaterally flex spine, contralateral rotation

Insertions: between transverse and spinous processes every 2-4 from C2 to sacrum

34
Q

Multifidus: origins

A

The same as origins (between transverse and spinous processes every 2-4 vertebrae from C2 to sacrum)

35
Q

Multifidus: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: deep cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, and lumbar arteries

Nervous: DPR

36
Q

Semispinalis: action and insertions (3 parts)

A

Action: extends head and thoracic and cervical spines, craniovertebral joint stabilization
If contracting on one side…bends head, cervical and thoracic spines, contralateral rotation

Insertions:
Capitis - between superior and inferior nuchal lines
Cervicis- spinous processes C2-C5
Thoracis - spinous processes C6-T4

37
Q

Semispinalis: origins (3 parts)

A

Capitis: transverse and articular processes from C4-T7
Cervicis: transverse processes T1-T6
Thoracis: transverse processes T6-T12

38
Q

Semispinalis: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular: deep cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, and lumbar arteries

Nervous: DPR

39
Q

Name the group making up the deep segmental back muscles

A

Interspinales
Intertransversarii
Levatores costratum

40
Q

Interspinales: actions and origin/insertion

A

Action: extends cervical and lumber spines

Origin is the same as insertions:
Cervicis - between adjacent spinous processes from C1-C7
Lumborum - between adjacent spinous processes from L1-L5

41
Q

Interspinales: nervous supply

A

Nervous: DPR

42
Q

Intertransversarii: action and insertions/origins

A

Action: bilateral stabilization and extension of cervical/lumbar spines
Unilaterally and ipsilaterally bends cervical/lumbar spines

Origins and insertions are between adjacent vertebrae:
Anteriores cervicis - between anterior tubercles from C2-C7
Posterior cervicis - between posterior tubercles from C2-C7
Mediales lumborum - between mammillary processes from L1-L5
Laterales lumborum - between transverse processes from L1-L5

43
Q

Intertransversarii: nervous supply

A

Nervous: DPR

44
Q

Levatores costarum: action and insertions (2 parts)

A

Action: extends thoracic spine, unilaterally+ipsilaterally bends, contralaterally rotates

Insertion:
Costarum breves - costal angle of the rib below
Costarum longi - costal angle of rib two vertebral-levels below

45
Q

Levatores costarum: origins

A

Breves and longi have the same origin

Transverse processes C7-T11

46
Q

Levatores costarum: nervous supply

A

DPR

47
Q

Serratus posterior: action and insertion (2 parts)

A

Action:
Superior - elevates ribs
Inferior - depresses ribs

Insertion:
Superior - 2-4 ribs (superior border)
Inferior- 8-12 ribs (inferior border)

48
Q

Serratus posterior: origin (2 parts)

A

Superior: nuchal ligament, C7-T3 spinous processes

Inferior: T11-L2 spinous processes

49
Q

Serratus posterior: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular:
Superior - posterior intercostal (1-4)
Inferior - lower posterior intercostal, subcostal, first two lumbar

Nervous:
VPR

50
Q

Splenius: action and insertion

A

Action: bilateral head/neck extension, ipsilaterally rotation and lateral flexion

Insertion:
Capitis - mastoid process
Cervicis - transverse process C1-C3

51
Q

Splenius: origin

A

Capitis: nuchal ligament, spinous processes C6-T3

Cervicis: spinous processes T3-T6

52
Q

Splenius: vascular and nervous supply

A

Vascular:
Capitis - muscular branches of aorta
Cervicis - transverse cervical, occipital artery

Nervous: DPR

Anatomy Lab (8 decks)

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