Superficial Anatomical Landmarks Flashcards
includes some scapula, spine, CTL regions
how can you analyze a patient before speaking to them?
use gait, see how a patient towards you
genu valgum vs. genu varus
genu valgum = knock kneed, with and angle that opens laterral. genu varus = bowl legged, with angle opening medial.
where is coracoid process?
- posterior the acromion
-connects clavicle and scapula at the acromioclavicular joint - coracoid process had 3 attachments: pectoralis minor muscle, coracobrachialis, and short bicep brachii
sacroiliac junction
-iliac crest is most superior of hip bone and connects to sacrum at sacroiliac joints.
where does spine of scapula, inferior angle of scapula, and iliac crest direct to?
T3 process, T7, and L5 (woman) or L3
where should you begin structural exam
either most posterior end or most superior
where are ribs 1-7, 8-10, and 11-12 connected to?
-insert image
-1-7 ribs connects to sternum
-8-10 false ribs and fuse
-11-12 floating
what does ARTT stand for
it’s an acronym for us to use when examining somatic dysfunction. A = asymmetry, r= restricted rotation, T = tissue, T= tenderness
extrinsic vs intrinsic muscles
extrinsic = lateral muscles, intrinsic = up and down back
where is external occipital protuberance (INION) ?
located at level of superior nuchal line, which is that projected line on back of skull.
Insertion vs. origin
Insertion is point where muscle attaches to a moving bone during action. Origin is place of bone that remains immobile.
What is difference between supraspinous ligament and interspinous?
Supraspinous ligament is a cord that starts at 7th cervical vertebrae and goes to the 3rd or 4th lumbar. Interspinous ligament is connective tissue between consecutive vertebrae, and extends through all processes.
ligamentum nuchae
Starts from INION to the 7th cervical process
What is function of transverse processes?
They protect vertebral artery.
Where is C1 (atlas) located?
C1 is only palpable at transverse which is located between mastoid process and gonion . It is also located inferior to the atlantooccipital joint and superior the atlantoaxial joint.
Primary vs secondary curve of the back
Primary curve - kyphotic = thoracic and sacral
Secondary curve - lordotic = cervical and lumbar
