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Biology4351 > super dick > Flashcards

super dick Flashcards

1
Q

True/False: Agonists possess affinity only

A

FALSE- Antagonists possess affinity only

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2
Q

True/False: The 1st pass effect applies to drugs administered orally

A

TRUE

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3
Q

True/False: The uncharged form of a weak base with a pKa=8.2 would be most abundant at a pH=1.6

A

FALSE- A weak base will dissociate in an acidic solution and the charged form will dominate

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4
Q

True/False: The charged form of a weak acid with a pKa=4.3 would be most abundant at a pH=2.8

A

FALSE- A weak acid will not dissociate in an acidic solution and the uncharged form will dominate

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5
Q

True/False: If drug A is more potent than drug B, then drug B is more efficacious than drug A

A

FALSE

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6
Q

True/False: Pareneteral administration of a drug is the most effect route of administration

A

FALSE

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7
Q

True/False: Pharmocodynamics deals with the effects of a drug on the body

A

TRUE

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8
Q

The liver plays a major role in drug excretion

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Drugs administered IV have 1000% bioavailability

A

TRUE

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10
Q

True/False: Tachycardia can result from the administration of metoprolol because it has β1 affinity

A

FALSE

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11
Q

True/False: Tachycardia can result from the administration of bethanecol because it is a direct-acting muscarinic agonist

A

FALSE

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12
Q

True/False: Tachycardia can result from the administration of neostigmine because it is a muscarinic antagonist

A

FALSE

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13
Q

True/False: Tachycardia can result from the administration of phenylephrine because it increases SVR

A

FALSE

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14
Q

True/False: A patient is administered a drug that stimulates nicotinic neuronal receptors. The drug will stimulate E secretion from the adrenal medulla

A

TRUE

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15
Q

True/False: A patient is administered a drug that stimulates nicotinic neuronal receptors. The drug will cause diarrhea by directly stimulating β2 receptors

A

FALSE

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16
Q

True/False: A patient is administered a drug that stimulates nicotinic neuronal receptors. The drug will decrease SVR by directly stimulating α1 receptors

A

FALSE

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17
Q

True/False: A patient is administered a drug that stimulates nicotinic neuronal receptors. The drug will cause spastic skeletal muscle paralysis

A

FALSE

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18
Q

True/False: Epinephrine is a positive chronotrope

A

TRUE

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19
Q

True/False: Epinephrine decreases digestive system activity due to its β2 effect

A

TRUE

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20
Q

True/False: Epinephrine is a positive inotrope

A

TRUE

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21
Q

True/False: Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor due to its α1 effect

A

TRUE

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22
Q

True/False: Epinephrine is a vasodilator due to its β2 effect

A

TRUE

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23
Q

True/False: Epinephrine is a bronchodilator due to its β2 effect

A

TRUE

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24
Q

True/False: Atropine relaxes skeletal muscle because it is a cholinergic receptor antagonist

A

FALSE

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25
Q

True/False: Atropine is a positive chronotrope because it is an antimuscarinic drug

A

TRUE

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26
Q

True/False: Atropine decreases bronchial mucous secretion by blocking Nn receptors

A

FALSE

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27
Q

True/False: Atropine is a bronchodilator

A

TRUE

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28
Q

True/False: Labetalol causes reflex tachycardia

A

FALSE

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29
Q

True/False: Labetalol is a vasodilator

A

TRUE

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30
Q

True/False: Labetalol can cause orthostatic hypotension by blocking adrenergic receptors

A

TRUE

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31
Q

True/False: Labetalol lowers BP by reducing CO

A

TRUE

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32
Q

True/False: Metoprolol lowers BP by reducing SVR

A

FALSE

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33
Q

True/False: Metoprolol directly reduces CO

A

TRUE

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34
Q

True/False: Metoprolol targets the same receptors as dobutamine

A

TRUE

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35
Q

True/False: Metoprolol causes reflex bradycardia

A

FALSE

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36
Q

True/False: Phenylephrine causes reflex bradycardia because it reduces BP

A

FALSE

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37
Q

True/False: Phenylephrine targets a receptor targeted by NE

A

TRUE

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38
Q

True/False: Phenylephrine directly increases myocardial contractility

A

FALSE

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39
Q

True/False: Phenylephrine is an effective decongestant

A

TRUE

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40
Q

ACE Inhibitors AND/OR Cardioselective beta blockers block AII production

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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41
Q

ACE Inhibitors AND/OR Cardioselective beta blockers lower BP by reducing SVR

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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42
Q

ACE Inhibitors AND/OR Cardioselective beta blockers decrease LV afterload by reducing blood volume

A

NEITHER

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43
Q

ACE Inhibitors AND/OR Cardioselective beta blockers can successfully treat CHF

A

BOTH

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44
Q

ACE Inhibitors AND/OR Cardioselective beta blockers can cause hypokalemia

A

NEITHER

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45
Q

ACE Inhibitors AND/OR Cardioselective beta blockers decrease myocardial workload

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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46
Q

ARB’s AND/OR CA++ Channel Blockers are vasodilators

A

BOTH

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47
Q

ARB’s AND/OR CA++ Channel Blockers reduce SVR

A

BOTH

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48
Q

ARB’s AND/OR CA++ Channel Blockers decrease AII production

A

NEITHER

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49
Q

ARB’s AND/OR CA++ Channel Blockers can cause hypokalemia

A

NEITHER

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50
Q

ARB’s AND/OR CA++ Channel Blockers are negative chronotropes

A

CA++ CHANNEL BLOCKERS

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51
Q

Dobutamine AND/OR Digoxin is useful in the treatment of systolic heart failure

A

BOTH

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52
Q

Dobutamine AND/OR Digoxin inhibits the Na/K pump

A

DIGOXIN

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53
Q

Dobutamine AND/OR Digoxin is a β1 agonist

A

DOBUTAMINE

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54
Q

Dobutamine AND/OR Digoxin is a positive inotrope

A

BOTH

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55
Q

HCTZ AND/OR Furosemide reduces preload by reducing SVR

A

NEITHER

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56
Q

HCTZ AND/OR Furosemide targets the DCT

A

HCTZ

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57
Q

HCTZ AND/OR Furosemide increases Na absorption in the renal tubules

A

NEITHER

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58
Q

HCTZ AND/OR Furosemide can cause hypokalemia

A

BOTH

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59
Q

True/False: A hypertensive patient would benefit from clonidine because it reduces CO

A

TRUE

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60
Q

True/False: A hypertensive patient would benefit from atenolol because it reduces stroke volume

A

TRUE

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61
Q

True/False: A hypertensive patient would benefit from Lisinopril because it reduces LV afterload

A

TRUE

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62
Q

True/False: A hypertensive patient would benefit from diltiazem because it is a negative inotrope

A

TRUE

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63
Q

True/False: A hypertensive patient would benefit from labetalol because it is a vasodilator

A

TRUE

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64
Q

True/False: Nitroglycerin reduces myocardial O2 demand

A

TRUE

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65
Q

True/False: Isosorbide dintrate reduces adterload by dilating veins

A

FALSE

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66
Q

True/False: Aspirin is indicated in patients at risk for DVTs

A

FALSE

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67
Q

True/False: Statins reduce hepatic cholesterol synthesis b inhibiting HMG CoA reductase

A

TRUE

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68
Q

True/False: Warfarin blocks the synthesis of vitamin K dependent clotting factors

A

TRUE

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69
Q

True/False: Heparin enhances ATIII activity

A

TRUE

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70
Q

True/False: Thrombolytics promote the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin

A

TRUE

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71
Q

True/False: A hypertensive patient would benefit from HCTZ because it is a positive inotrope

A

FALSE

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72
Q

True/False: Caffeine is a bronchodilator

A

TRUE

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73
Q

True/False: Ethanol is a myocardial depressant

A

TRUE

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74
Q

Cocaine AND/OR Nicotine is a CNS depressant

A

NEITHER

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75
Q

Cocaine AND/OR Nicotine can increase BP

A

BOTH

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76
Q

Cocaine AND/OR Nicotine has therapeutic benefit

A

BOTH

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77
Q

Cocaine AND/OR Nicotine is an alpha 2 agonist

A

NEITHER

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78
Q

Cocaine AND/OR Nicotine can increase heart rate

A

BOTH

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79
Q

Cocaine AND/OR Nicotine binds to receptors found in the autonomic nervous system

A

NICOTINE

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80
Q

Cocaine AND/OR Nicotine binds to receptors found in the somatic nervous system

A

NICOTINE

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81
Q

Albuterol AND/OR salmeterol is a rapid acting b2 agonist

A

ALBUTEROL

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82
Q

Albuterol AND/OR salmeterol is a bronchodilator

A

BOTH

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83
Q

Albuterol AND/OR salmeterol is a muscarinic receptor agonist

A

NEITHER

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84
Q

Albuterol AND/OR salmeterol is used as a “rescue” agent

A

ALBUTEROL

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85
Q

Albuterol AND/OR salmeterol reduces airway wall inflammation

A

NEITHER

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86
Q

Fluticasone AND/OR montelukast is a slow-acting bronchodilator

A

NEITHER

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87
Q

Fluticasone AND/OR montelukast is used as a “rescue” agent

A

NEITHER

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88
Q

Fluticasone AND/OR montelukast is a corticosteroid

A

FLUTICASONE

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89
Q

Fluticasone AND/OR montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist

A

MONTELUKAST

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90
Q

Fluticasone AND/OR montelukast is an anti-inflammatory

A

BOTH

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91
Q

Insulin AND/OR sitagliptin can cause hypoglycemia

A

BOTH

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92
Q

Insulin AND/OR sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor

A

SITAGLIPTIN

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93
Q

Insulin AND/OR sitagliptin stimulates insulin secretion

A

SITAGLIPTIN

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94
Q

Insulin AND/OR sitagliptin is an insulin analogue

A

NEITHER

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95
Q

Insulin AND/OR sitagliptin is useful in the treatment of Type I diabetes

A

INSULIN

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96
Q

Exenatide AND/OR metformin stimulates insulin secretion

A

EXENATIDE

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97
Q

Exenatide AND/OR metformin can cause hypoglycemia

A

BOTH

98
Q

Exenatide AND/OR metformin increases insulin sensitivity

A

METFORMIN

99
Q

Exenatide AND/OR metformin is useful in the treatment of Type II diabetes

A

BOTH

100
Q

True/False: Morphine causes respiratory depression

A

TRUE

101
Q

True/False: Opiod analgesics are also effective antipyretics

A

FALSE

102
Q

True/False: Acetaminophen is a non-opiod NSAID

A

FALSE

103
Q

True/False: Aspirin’s antiplatelet effects are cause by COX-1 inhibition

A

TRUE

104
Q

Albuterol (Proventil) is in a class of _ called _

A

Bronchodilators, β2 agonists

105
Q

Salmeterol (Advair) is in a class of _ called _

A

Bronchodilators, β2 agonists

106
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) is in a class of _ called _

A

Bronchodilators, Anticholinergics

107
Q

Tiotropium (Spiriva) is in a class of _ called _

A

Bronchodilators, Anticholinergics

108
Q

Theophylline (Theo-24, Theolair, Uniphyl) is in a class of _ called _

A

Bronchodilators, Methylxanthines

109
Q

Fluticasone (Advair, Flonase) is in a class of _ called _

A

Anti-Inflammatories, Corticosteroids

110
Q

Phenolphthalein (X-Lax) is in a class of _ called _

A

Laxatives, Stimulants

111
Q

Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) is in a class of _ called _

A

Anti-diarrheals, Opiods

112
Q

Loperamide (Immodium) is in a class of _ called _

A

Anti-diarrheals, Opiods

113
Q

Glipizide (Glucotrol) is in a class of _ called _

A

antidiabetics, Sulfonylureas

114
Q

Exenatide (Byetta) is in a class of _ called _

A

antidiabetics, Incretin analogues

115
Q

Sitagliptin phosphate (Januvia) is in a class of _ called _

A

antidiabetics, DPP-IV Inhibitors

116
Q

Metformin is in a class of _ drugs called _

A

antidiabetics, biguanides

117
Q

Diltiazem (Cardizem) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Ca++ Channel Blockers

118
Q

Atenolol (Tenormin) is in a class of drugs called _

A

β1 Blockers

119
Q

Nifedipine (Procardia) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Ca++ Channel Blockers

120
Q

Captopril (Capoten) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibitors

121
Q

Losartan (Cozaar) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

122
Q

Lisinopril (Prinivil) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibitors

123
Q

Clonidine (Catapres) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Central Sympatholytics

124
Q

Amlodipine (Norvasc) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Ca++ Channel Blockers

125
Q

Metoprolol (Lopressor) is in a class of drugs called _

A

β1 Blockers

126
Q

Hydralazine (Apresoline) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Direct Arterial Dilators

127
Q

Verapamil (Calan) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Ca++ Channel Blockers

128
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix) is in a class of drugs called _

A

DCT Diuretics

129
Q

Prazosin (Minipress) is in a class of drugs called _

A

α1 Blockers

130
Q

Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Nitrate- Arterial & Venous Dilators

131
Q

Labetalol (Trandate) is in a class of drugs called _

A

α1, β1, β2 Blockers

132
Q

Nitroprusside sodium (Nitropress) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Arterial & Venous Dilators

133
Q

Aspirin (Ecotrin) is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Antithrombics

134
Q

Clopidogrel (Plavix) is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Antithrombics

135
Q

Abciximab (ReoPro) is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Antithrombics

136
Q

Heparin is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Anticoagulants

137
Q

Warfarin (Coumadin) is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Anticoagulants

138
Q

Dabigatron (Pradaxa) is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Anticoagulants

139
Q

Apixiban (Eliquis) is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Anticoagulants

140
Q

Streptokinase is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Thrombolytics

141
Q

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is in a class of blood thinners called _

A

Thrombolytics

142
Q

Dobutamine (Dobutamine) is in a class of drugs called _

A

β1 Agonists

143
Q

Digoxin (Digox) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Cardiac glycosides

144
Q

Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Anticoagulants

145
Q

Furosemide (Lasix) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Loop Diuretics

146
Q

Amiloride (Midamor) is in a class of drugs called _

A

K+ Sparing Diuretics

147
Q

Triamterene (Dyrenium) is in a class of drugs called _

A

K+ Sparing Diuretics

148
Q

Spironolactone (Aldactone) is in a class of drugs called _

A

K+ Sparing Diuretics, Aldosterone Antagonists

149
Q

Mannitol (Osmitrol) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Osmotic Diuretics

150
Q

Pravastatin Sodium (Pravachol) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Statins

151
Q

Atorvastatin Calcium (Lipitor) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Statins

152
Q

Simvastatin (Zocor) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Statins

153
Q

Rosuvastatin Calcium (Crestor) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Statins

154
Q

Isosorbide dinitrate (Dilatrate-SR) is in a class of drugs called _

A

Nitrate Venous Dilators

155
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Neostigmine

A

Indirect (~reuptake) cholinomimetic

156
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Nicotine

A

Direct nicotinic receptor agonist

157
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Bethanechol

A

Direct muscarinic receptor agonist

158
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Methamphetamine

A

Indirect (*release) sympathomimetic

159
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): MAOI

A

Indirect (~reuptake) sympathomimetic

160
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): TCA

A

Indirect (~reuptake) sympathomimetic

161
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Cocaine

A

Indirect (~reuptake) sympathomimetic

162
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Epinephrine

A

α1, α2, β1, β2 direct adrenergic receptor agonist

163
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): NE/Levophed

A

α1, α2, β1 direct adrenergic receptor agonist

164
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Phenylephrine

A

α1 direct adrenergic receptor agonist

165
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Clonidine

A

α2 adrenergic receptor agonist

166
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Dobutamine

A

β1 adrenergic receptor agonist

167
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Albuterol/Terbutaline

A

β2 adrenergic receptor agonist

168
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): “ganglionic blockers”

A

Nn cholinergic receptor antagonist

169
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Atracurium

A

Nm cholinergic receptor antagonist

170
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Vecuronium

A

Nm cholinergic receptor antagonist

171
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Succinylcholine

A

Nm cholinergic antagonist

172
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Atropine

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

173
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Glycopyrrolate

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

174
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Ipratropium

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

175
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Tiotropium

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

176
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Propanolol

A

Beta blocker

177
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Prazosin

A

α1 blocker

178
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Labetalol

A

α1, β1, β2 blocker

179
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Metoprolol

A

β1 blocker

180
Q

(D/(*/~))(nmab)(+/-): Atenolol

A

β1 blocker

181
Q

Name me a non-selective beta blocker

A

Propanolol

182
Q

Give me some weirdly pseudo opposite drugs (an agonist and an antagonist)

A

NE stimulates α1, α2, β1 Labetalol blocks α1, β1, β2

183
Q

What receptor mediates reflexive tachycardia?

A

β1 receptors

184
Q

Name me some β1 blockers

A

MetoprololAtenolol(Propanolol)(Labetalol)

185
Q

Name me some α1 blockers

A

Prazosin(Labetalol)

186
Q

Give me α1, α2, β1, β2 agonists in order

A

PhenylephrineClonidineDobutamineAlbuterol/Terbutaline

187
Q

Give me our three cholinergic agonists

A

Neostigmine (~ cholinomimetic)Nicotine (D m cholinomimetic)Bethanechol (D m cholinomimetic)

188
Q

Give me our three antinicotinics (m)

A

AtracuriumVecuroniumSuccinylcholine

189
Q

Give me our four antimuscarinics

A

AtropineGlycopyrrolateIpratropiumTiotropium

190
Q

What are beta blockers never

A

Beta blockers are never vasodilators

191
Q

What is atracurium used for?

A

blocks nm junctionsflaccid paralysis

192
Q

What is vecuronium used for?

A

blocks nm junctionsflaccid paralysis

193
Q

What is succinylcholine used for?

A

blocks nm junctions(irreversible, short term) flaccid paralysis

194
Q

What is atropine used for?

A

blocks M2 siteincreases HRtreat sinus bradycardia

195
Q

What is glycopyrrolate used for?

A

blocks M3reduce glandular activityreduce bronchial secretions

196
Q

What is ipratropium used for?

A

blocks M3relaxes s.m.treats COPD

197
Q

What is tiotropium used for?

A

blocks M3relaxes s.m.treats COPD

198
Q

What is propanolol used for?

A

blocks β1, β2slows HR, constricts s.m.treats hypertension

199
Q

What is labetalol used for?

A

blocks α1, β1, β2vasodilation, slows HR, constricts s.m.treats emergency hypertension

200
Q

What is prazosin used for?

A

blocks α1vasodilationreduces blood pressure

201
Q

What is metoprolol used for?

A

blocks β1slows HRtreats congestive heart failure

202
Q

What is atenolol used for?

A

blocks β1slows HRtreats congestive heart failure

203
Q

What is neostigmine used for?

A

reduces ACh reuptakereverses paralyzing blockers

204
Q

What is nicotine used for?

A

stimulates N receptorsenergy boost and P/SNS enhancement

205
Q

What is bethanechol used for?

A

stimulates M3 cellstreats urinary problems

206
Q

What is meth used for?

A

increases NE releasestimulant

207
Q

What is cocaine used for?

A

reduce NE reuptakestimulant

208
Q

What is epinephrine used for?

A

stimulates α1, α2, β1, β2vasoconstriction, reduces SNS, increases HR, relaxes s.m.

209
Q

What is norepinephrine used for?

A

stimulates α1, α2, β1 vasoconstriction, reduces SNS, increases HR

210
Q

What is levophed used for?

A

stimulates α1, α2, β1 vasoconstriction, reduces SNS, increases HR

211
Q

What is phenylephrine used for?

A

stimulates α1vasoconstriction

212
Q

What is clonidine used for?

A

stimulates α2reduces SNS

213
Q

What is dobutamine used for?

A

stimulates β1increases HRtreats heart failure

214
Q

What is albuterol used for?

A

stimulates β2relaxes s.m.tocolytic

215
Q

What is terbutaline used for?

A

stimulates β2relaxes s.m.bronchodilator

216
Q

Complete the equation: BP = ?

A

BP = CO x SVR

217
Q

Complete the equation: CO = ?

A

CO = HR x SV

218
Q

Complete the equation: SV = ?

A

Myocardial contractility x

219
Q

When does baroreceptor reflex occur?

A

Change in BP

220
Q

What group of drugs prevents the baroreceptor reflex?

A

Beta blockers

221
Q

What two conditions can the baroreceptor reflex cause?

A

Reflexive tachycardiaReflexive bradycardia

222
Q

Specifically what receptor mediates the baroreceptor reflex?

A

β1 receptors

223
Q

Eight ways to treat hypertension!

A

DiureticsBeta blockersACE Inhibitors/ARBsCa++ channel blockersCentral sympatholyticsα1 blockersDirect arterial dilators

224
Q

Name four classes of diuretics

A

Loop diuretics- Furosemide DCT diuretics- HCTZK+ sparing- Ameloride, Triamterene, SpironolactoneOsmotics- Mannitol

225
Q

Name your drugs that affect angiotensin (at all)

A

CaptoprilLisinoprilLoSARtin

226
Q

Name your Ca++ channel blockers

A

NifedipineAmlodipineDiltiazemVerapamil

227
Q

Name some standalone drugs for hypertensive treatment (drugs who’s class we know like one of)

A

Central sympatholytics- clonidineα1 blockers- prazosinDAD- hydralazine

228
Q

Drugs to treat angina pectoris?

A

NitratesBeta blockersCa++ channel blockers

229
Q

Name your nitrates

A

NitroglycerinIsosorbide dintrate

230
Q

Drugs to treat hypertensive emergency

A

LabetalolNitroprusside Na

231
Q

Drugs to treat systolic heart failure

A

DobutamineDigoxin

232
Q

Generally how to treat systolic heart failure?

A

Improve contractilityReduce workload

233
Q

Generally how to treat diastolic heart failure?

A

Increase filling timeReduce workload

234
Q

How to reduce workload?

A

Reduce SNS activityReduce fluid retention

235
Q

Drugs to reduce workload

A

DiureticsACE Inhibitors, ARBsBeta blockersNitroprusside Na

236
Q

Drugs to increase filling time

A

Beta blockersCa ++ Channel blockersACE Inhibitors/ARBsDiuretics

237
Q

Heart drugs that affect just preload?

A

Diuretics

238
Q

Heart drugs that affect preload and afterload?

A

ACE Inhibitors, ARBsNitroprusside Na

239
Q

Heart drugs that affect just afterload?

A

NONE HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAH

240
Q

Heart drugs that affect neither preload nor afterload?

A

Beta blockers

Biology4351 (16 decks)

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