Summary Flashcards
1
Q
FB illnesses per year
A
76 million
2
Q
FB deaths per year
A
5,000
3
Q
if suspected fb illness question what was consumed the last ______ hours
A
72 hours
4
Q
BIG 5 diseases to report
A
HENSS hep a e coli noro shigella salmonella
possibly entamoeba histolytica
5
Q
5 risk factors
A
improper temp inadequately cooked poor personal hygiene cross contamination food unsafe source
6
Q
cooling temps
A
135 to 70 in 2
20 to 41 in 4
7
Q
temps eggs - immediate eggs - hot holding pork/beef/fish etc. roast ground meats poultry/reheat etc.
A
eggs 145 15 eggs no immediate 155 15 sec pork beef fish 145 15 sec roasts 145 4 min ground meats 155 15 sec poultry 165 15 sec
8
Q
8 allergens
A
eggs dairy fish shellfish peanuts treenuts wheat soy
9
Q
freezing temps for parasites
A
- 4 for 7 days
- 31 for 14 hours
- 31 to solid then -4 for 24 hours
10
Q
illness associated with tuna
A
scromboid
histamine
11
Q
humans eat how much per day
A
1.5 lbs
12
Q
hand washing must last for
A
20 seconds
13
Q
7 haccp steps
A
hazard analysis ID ccp set critical limits set way to monitor ccp set actions for critical limits reached set way to monitory plan is working records
14
Q
grade a raw milk and grade a milk bacti counts
A
50,000
15,000 per ml
15
Q
how much vitamin d added to milk
A
400 ius
16
Q
cows produce how much milk per day
A
5-7 gallons
17
Q
most heat resistant milk pathogen
A
coxiella burneti q fever
18
Q
this test shows if pasteurization works
A
phosphatase test
19
Q
vat/batch method
A
145 30 mins sour cream yogurt
20
Q
htst method
A
166 15 sec best method
21
Q
ultra high temp method
A
194 3/4 sec half half whipping cream
22
Q
instantaneous pasteurization method
A
280f shelf satable creamers
23
Q
mechanical ware wash levels
A
50 ppm cl 30 sec 25 ppm iodine 1 min 160F temp should be 140-160 rinse is colder
24
Q
mannual ware wash levels
A
100 ppm cl 30 sec
25 iodine 1 min
200 ppm qat 1 min
171F 30 sec
min water temp 100
25
type of agent that separates minerals
sequestering agent
26
emulsify, break down carbs, proteins, usually basic
detergents
27
rinse aids/surfactans are also called
wettinga gents
28
lighting required
10 - walk in, dry storage, reach in, bar
20 - consum self serv, produce dispensing, hand washing, warewashing, equip storage
50 - prep, knives etc.
29
what are ABS and LAS
sequestering agents
30
avg size of bacteria
.5u to 3 u
31
gram stain colors for pos and neg
pos purple neg pink
32
routes of infection most common first
```
respiratory
oral
eyes
skin
injection
```
33
requirements of bacti
```
FATTOM
food - carbs/pro
acidity 4.5-9
time
temperature 41-135
oxygen
moisture .85 or higher
```
34
bacti growth temps
psychrophiles
mesophiles 59-112 most pathogens
thermohphiles - spoilage organism
35
typhoid is associated with
salmonella
36
dysentery is associated
shigella
37
floppy baby is associated with
botulism
38
beans can cause
clost perf
39
rice can cause
bac cereus
40
preggo women/hardy organism/soft cheese
listeria
41
fastest acting bacti illness
staph aureus
42
a/c units can cause
legionaires disease
43
cholera is from ______ and causes _____
vibrio
| rice water stools
44
the pheno coefficient organisms is
salmonella
45
name 5 deadly diseases
```
HIV
hanta virus
plague
rabies
yellow fever
```
46
raw oysters can give you
vibrio vulnificus
47
associated with predatory reef fish is
ciguatera toxin
48
worm in fish
anisakis
49
rat urine can give you
hanta virus
50
animal urine in water can give you
leptospirosis
51
hikers get this protozoan from water
giardia
52
spa disease organisms
pseudomonas aeruguinosa
53
disease common from pools
cryptosporosis
54
tinea is
ringgworm
55
tse tse fly
african sleeping sickness
56
which is better ppe pos or neg pressure
pos pressure
57
ppe should be tested how often
yearly
58
how many levels of PPE which is best
A-D, A is best
59
hazmat 4 criteria
```
TRIC
toxicity
reactivity
ignitability
corrosivity
```
60
DOT colors
```
red - explosive
orange - flammable
yellow - reactive
green - non flammable gas
blue - water reactive
white - poison
white blk stripe - flammable solid
white over black - corrosive
```
61
DOT hazard classes
```
1 - explosives
2 - gas
3 - flam liq
4 - flam sol
5 - oxidizers
6 - poison/eitologic
7 - radioactive
8 - corrosive
9 - misc
```
62
NFPA from west clockwise
health, fire, reactivity, misc
63
ignitability typically fp less than
140F
64
type of reaction that releases heat
exothermic
65
oxygen deficient
19%
66
dens compared to air
vapor density
67
dens compared to water
spec grav
68
absolute pressure =
gauge pressure and atm pres
69
bp = ___ plus ____
vp plus atm p
70
toxicity levels
oral ld50 5,000 mg/kg one dose
dermal ld 50 4300 mg/kg 4 hr
inhalation lc50 10,000 ppm
71
allowable concentraiton for 15 min
STEL
72
TLV
threshold limit value
73
term for fresh waste water
gray water
74
gray water is how much solid
.2%
75
of solids in waste water what percent are organic
75
76
two items in prelim treatment
bar screens
| grit removal
77
items in prelim treatment and type of process
physical
| settling and sedimentation tanks
78
items in secondary treatment and type of process
biological
trickling/biofilter w/ spray arm
flocculation/coagulation with aeration tanks
79
tertiary treatment items and type of process
chemical process
filters, chlorination, lagoonization
aesthetic
80
pipe colors
```
r - elec
y - gas
g - sewer
b - water
p - rec water
white - leach line
```
81
black water is
septic water
82
goal of waste water treatment
decrease BOD
83
dead water is
less than 4mg/l oxygen
84
sewage flows how fast
2 ft per second
85
sewage gets to treatment/disposal in how many days
2 days
86
how much water do humans use a day
50-100 gallons
87
waste water treatment is anaerobic or aerogic
aerobic
88
slugdge treatment is anaerobic or aerogic
anaerobic
89
digester
sludge treatment anaerobic 21 days
90
tank for 2 bed
750 gal
91
tank for 3 bed
1,000 gal
92
liq in septic tank for how long
24 hr sinfle family, 12 hour large tnak
93
from well how far tank and leach
tank 50 ft leach 100 ft
94
perc method
24 hour sat
| 12'' in hole, measure drop every 30 mins for 4 hours
95
perc results
1min per '' fall - 70 ft/bed
5 - 125
15 - 190
30 - 250
greater than 60 no system
96
leach lines
36 wide 24 deep
1.5 pipe
rock
6'' slope per 100 ft
97
eutrophication
increase nutrient in water - phosphate, nitrogen, carbon algal blooms deplete oxygen
98
cold air close to earth is called
thermal stratification
99
how much water do we drink a day
3-5 lbs
100
percent of water in ocean
97%
101
sampling water
sodium thiosulfate in bottle run for 2-3 mins first
102
hard water classify
more than 100 mg/calcium
ca and mg
103
how to treat hard water
edta to dissolve limestone, increase salt drive out minerals
104
best well type
drilled/casing
105
percent on private wells
15%
106
primary standard categories
inorganics, radionuclides, vocs/socs
107
2 standards
more aesthtic
108
stain water
manganese iron
109
more adv test for coliforms
colilert 24 hr e coli and coli yello wis positive
110
allowed coliform in water
1 per 100 ml
111
new well/pipe chlorination
50-100 ppm for 12-24 hours
112
water system maintain what free chlorine
.2ppm mg/l
113
public system defined
15 connections, 25 people, 60 days a year
114
year of safe drinking water act
1974
115
air gap requirements
2 times pipe diam or 1'' min
116
3 mosquitos
anopheles - malaria no breathing tube
culex - encephalitis - long breathing tube
aedes - yellow - short breathing tube
117
2 types of flies
biting and non biting
118
requirements for flies 4
food - decay organic or feces
moisture
temperatre die below 32, prefer 45-112
soil
119
fly larvae are called
maggots
120
mosquito breeding cycle days
11-16 days
121
most common cockroach in restaurant
german
122
largest cockroach
american
123
black cockroach
oriental
124
tv roach
brown banded
125
eggs of cockroaches
ootheca
126
name the 3 rodents
norway - stocky - vicious - small eyes - sewer
roof rat - rattus rattus - skinnier - long tail - large eyes and ears - pickier eater - lab rat - good climber
house mouse - mus musca - small 3'' - pointy noise - large eyes, grey white - between walls, cabinets crawl space
127
how much waste generated a year
12-15 billion lbs
128
a person generates how much waste a day
6lbs a day
129
refuse is combination of
organic garbage
| inorganics rubbish
130
daily cover and final cover depth
6''
| 24''
131
open and closed rise/run
open 1 to 2
| closed 1 to 3
132
landfill methods and most common
trench - for flat
area - on hill - most common
valley/ravin
133
3 landfill classes
1 haz
2 some haz
3 no haz accepted
134
3 requirements for incineration
time
temperaature 1500-1800F
trubulance
135
amount of ash from incineration
25%
136
temp for compost
140-150F
137
soil types list
```
sand
sandy loam
loam
silty loam
clayloam
loam
```
138
product of composting
humus
139
lanfill is ana/aero for ____ days then ____
aero 60 days then anaero
140
composting is ana or aero
aerobic
141
landfill gas requirements
methane 65
co2 35
hydrogen sulfide less than 1
142
best filters for spa, pool over and under 30 k
cartridge - spa
DE - under 30k
sand over 30K
143
turnover rates
```
pool 6 hr
spa 30 min
spray ground 30 min
wading pool 1 hr
medical pool 2 hr
```
144
wading pool depth
18''
145
chlorine breakdown into
hypochlorous acid (killing agent) and hypochlorous ion
146
unstabilized chlorine nad percentages
sodium hypochlorite liq 11
calhypo 70
lihypo 35
cl gas 100
147
stabilized chlorine types
dichlor 60 most ph stable
| trichlor 90
148
pool equip std
ansi/nsf 50 -2012
149
to increase ph
soda ash, caustic soda
150
to lower ph
muriatic acid
151
to neutralize chlorine
sodium thiosulfate
152
to get rid of algea
copper sulfate
153
max opper in pool
.2 mg/l
154
TDS hard water for pool
175 - 300 ppm
155
max turbity
.5 NTU
156
comb chlorine max
.4 ppm
157
pool and spa capacity
pool 1 per 10 sq ft
spa 1 per 20 sq ft
surf area divide y 10 or 20
158
depth line at ___ for deeper than
4.5
5
159
no diving for less than
6 ft
160
fencing
5 feet tall
4 ft horizontal bars
4'' gap
chain link 1.75''
161
what to do for formed stool or vomit
ph below 7.5 temp above 77
2ppm for 25 mins
162
what to do for diarhea in pool spa
ph below 7.5 or 6.5 if cya and 77 or above temp
| 40 ppm for 30 hrs
163
humans expel ____ qts per day of water
6 qts
164
humans breath how much per day
35 lbs
165
greenhosue effects
more cos in atm than water causes
| more sunlight
166
atmosphere percentages
n 78
o21
co2 and o3 .97
others .3
167
atmosphere layers
thermosphere 50mi/80 km
meso 30mi/50k
stratosphere 12mi/20k
troposphere
168
inorganic pollutants
sulfur oxides most =toxic
nitrous oxides
co3
169
organic pollutant
hydrocarbons
170
co forms from
incomplete comubations
171
name the particulates
dust 10u smaller
smoke .1u smaller
fumes metal
aerosols smaller liq than mists
172
federal clean air act name the 6
```
particulates 10 or smaller
pb
co3
no
so
co
```
173
hearing loss 2 types
socio - environment
| presbycusis - aging
174
PEL of noise
85 db
175
most common measureing device for noise
sound level meter
176
pts and tts
temp thershold shift noise
| permanent threshold shift noise - irreversible
177
100 db and 100 db is
103 db
178
2 times distance from noise = -__db
- 6 db
179
sound stravels how fast1
1178 ft/sec
| 770 mph
180
treat and riser
tread min 9''
| riser max 8.25''
181
direct connection gap req
2''
182
minimum living space
100 sq ft
70 per bedroom
no wall less than 7 ft
183
chimney distance
3 ft
184
max radon
4 mg/l
185
best sample for hazmat
grab sample
186
mulitple samples in multiple locations and times is called
compositve or bath sampling
187
number of samples for food and hazmat
food 3, 1 forviolatio
| hazmat 4 2 for violator
188
biohazart levels hwich is worse
1-4 4 is most dangerous
189
lq qty generator of med waste
200 lbs/month
190
steam sterilizing for med waste
121C/250F 30 mins
191
sm qty hauler med waste
20 lbs less driving ok
192
on site storage of med waste
7 days or 90 if below 32
193
med waste act past in wahat year
1990
194
3 requirements for light
illumination foot candles
brightness food lamberts
contrast
195
ideal contrast is waht percent
60 to 80
196
calculate contrast
backg - object
| x/back x 100
197
class room lighting req
50 foot candles
198
luminous flux is
amount of light from source
199
most pleasing color
green
200
how much stronger are fluorescent bulbs
4 times
201
negative ions
created by fluroescent bulbs
202
wavelength list
```
gamma
x ray
uv light
visibile light
ir
microwave
tv
radio
```
203
isotope
same protons diff neutrons
| same atomic number diff mass
204
many isotopes of one element is
radionuclides
205
worse type of radiation
ionizing
206
4 types of ionizing radiatoin
alpha - nucleus
beta - stronger - electrons
gamma - can be lethal
x ray - highly penetrate
207
pel for radiation
5 rem/yr
208
daedy amounts of radiaton is
350-400 rem
209
units for intensity of radiation
R, c/kg
| roentgen
210
units for exposure to radiation
REM, S sievert
211
units for radiation absorbed
RAD, Gy gray
212
units for energy of x ray
eV
213
units for radioactivity
curies C, or Bq becquerels
214
double the distance from radiation decreases the exposure by what percent
25%
215
civil wrong is a
tort
216
name the feasances
mal - wrong
mis - unknown wrong
non - knew about a wrong and didn't report
217
slander vs libel
slander is spoken
218
variance stat
difference w/ in data
219
std deviation state
how spread out data area sq root of variance
220
soveign immunity does what
protects agency from being sued
