sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and quinolones

Question 1

Competitive inhibitors of Dihydropteroate synthase

Answer 1

Sulfonamides

Question 2

Selective inhibitor of bacterial Dihydrofolate reductase

Answer 2

Trimethoprim

Question 3

Sequential blockade of folate synthesis

Answer 3

Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole)

Question 4

Act as substrates for dihydropteroate synthase, producing nonfunctional forms of folate

Answer 4

Sulfonamides

Question 5

Prevents formation of active tetrahydrofolate (THF)

Answer 5

Trimethoprim

Question 6

Sulfonamides for simple UTI

Answer 6

Triple sulfa, Sulfisoxazole

Question 7

Drug for ocular infection

Answer 7

Sulfacetamide

Question 8

Drug for burn infections

Answer 8

Mafenide, Silver Sulfadiazine

Question 9

Drug for ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 9

Sulfasalazine

Question 10

Drug for burn wounds but causes metabolic acidosis

Answer 10

Mafenide acetate

Question 11

First line for acute toxoplasmosis

Answer 11

Sulfadiazine + Pyrimethimine

Question 12

Second line antimalarial agent

Answer 12

Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine (Fansinadir)

Question 13

DOC for pjp, toxoplasma, nocardiosis

Answer 13

Co-trimoxazole

Question 14

3 separate sulfonamides used to reduce the likelihood of precipitating

Answer 14

Triple sulfa

Question 15

Adverse effects: Steven Johnson Syndrome, hemolytic anemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, kernicterus

Answer 15

Sulfonamides

Question 16

Adverse effects: Megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, granulocytopenia,
Mild elevation of blood creatinine

Answer 16

Trimethoprim

Question 17

What happens to sulfonamide when urine is acidic

Answer 17

Precipitates to sulfonamide crystals, decreased solubility

Question 18

Sulfonamides drug interaction

Answer 18

Competition with warfarin and methotrexate for plasma binding

Question 19

Trapped in acidic environment, good for prostatitis treatment

Answer 19

Trimethoprim

Question 20

Interferes with bacterial DNA synthesis
Inhibits Topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and Topoisomerase IV

Answer 20

Fluoroquinolones

Question 21

Activity: Gram (+), Gram (-), Enhanced activity against Anaerobes

Answer 21

4th gen: moxifloxacin, trovafloxacin

Question 22

Activity: Slightly less active against gram (-), Greater activity against gram (+) cocci

Answer 22

3rd gen: levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, sparfloxacin

Question 23

Activity: Greater activity against gram (-), Atypical organisms (M. pneumoniae)

Answer 23

2nd gen: ciprofloxacin

Question 24

Activity: against common pathogens that cause UTI

Answer 24

1st gen: norfloxacin

Question 25

Treatment for gonorrhea and chlamydia

Answer 25

2nd gen: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin

Question 26

Fluoroquinolone for typical and atypical pneumonia

Answer 26

3rd gen: levofloxacin

Question 27

Fluoroquinolone that has activity against: gram (+), penicillin resistant pneumococci

Answer 27

3rd gen: sparfloxacin

Question 28

Used in meningococcal carrier state
Tuberculosis
Prophylactic management of neutropenic patients

Answer 28

4th gen: moxifloxacin, trovafloxacin

Question 29

Adverse effects: photosensitivity

Answer 29

Lomefloxacin, Pefloxacin

Question 30

Adverse effects: QT prolongation

Answer 30

Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Gemifloxacin, Moxifloxacin

Question 31

Adverse effects: hyper or hypoglycemia

Answer 31

Gatifloxacin

Question 32

Adverse effects: Hepatotoxic

Answer 32

Trovafloxacin

Question 33

Adverse effects: Cardiac arrhythmia, photosensitivity

Answer 33

Sparfloxacin

Question 34

Short-acting sulfonamide

Answer 34

Sulfisozaxole

Question 35

Intermediate-acting sulfonamide

Answer 35

Sulfamethoxasole

Question 36

Long-acting sulfonamide

Answer 36

Sulfadoxine

Question 37

Has MRSA Activity

Answer 37

Co-Trimoxazole
3rd gen fluoroquinolones

Question 38

Fluoroquinolone with the longest half-life

Answer 38

Moxifloxacin (9-10 hrs)

Question 39

Earliest fluoroquinolone

Answer 39

Nalidixic acid

Question 40

Respiratory quinolone

Answer 40

Levofloxacin