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protein synthesis inhibitors Flashcards

1
Q

Chloramphenicol binds reversibly to which subunit

A

50S

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2
Q

Tetracyclines bind reversibly to which subunit

A

30S

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3
Q

Inhibits peptide bond formation

A

Chloramphenicol

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4
Q

Prevents addition of amino acids to the growing peptide
Blocks binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the acceptor site of the mRNA ribosome complex

A

Tetracyclines

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5
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitors active against chlamydia

A

Tetracyclines (Tigecycline, Eravacycline, Omadacycline)
Macrolides (Erythromycin, Azithromycin)

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6
Q

CAP, Syphilis, Leptospirosis, Acne, Lyme disease, Malaria prophylaxis, Amoebiasis

A

Doxycycline

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7
Q

Gastrointestinal ulcers caused by H. pylori

A

Tetracycline

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8
Q

Meningococcal carrier state

A

Minocycline

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9
Q

Inhibits renal actions of ADH (non microbial func)

A

Demeclocycline

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10
Q

Active against CONS, MRSA strains, VRE strains
Strep, Entero, gram (+) rods, Acinetobacter sp., anaerobes, Rickettsiae, Chlamydia sp., L. pneumophila, mycobacteria

A

Tigecycline, Eravacycline, Omadacycline

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11
Q

3rd line drug for TB

A

Tetracyclines

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12
Q

Penetrates Placenta and BBB

A

Chloramphenicol

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13
Q

Crosses placental barrier and is excreted in breast milk

A

Tetracyclines

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14
Q

Absorption impaired by multivalent cations (Ca, Mg, Fe, Al), dairy products, antacids, and alkaline pH

A

Tetracyclines

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15
Q

Tetracyclines eliminated nonrenally

A

Doxycycline and Tigecycline

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16
Q

Tetracyclines given IV

A

Tigecycline and Eravacycline

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17
Q

Bone marrow toxicity
Inhibition of RBC maturation
Aplastic Anemia
Gray Baby Syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

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18
Q

Tooth enamel dysplasia
Irregularities in bone growth
Crown deformation (permanent teeth)
Fanconi syndrome

A

Tetracyclines

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19
Q

Photosensitivity

A

Demeclocycline

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20
Q

Vestibular toxicity

A

Doxycycline and Minocycline

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21
Q

Macrolides and Clindamycin bind to which subunit

22
Q

Backup drug for MRSA

A

Clindamycin

23
Q

Toxic shock syndrome

A

Clindamycin + Penicillin G

24
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis

A

Clindamycin

25
Q

Penetrating wounds to the abdomen and gut

A

Clindamycin + Aminoglycoside or cephalosporin

26
Q

Prophylaxis of endocarditis in valvular disease
Pelvic, lung, and periodontal abscesses

A

Clindamycin

27
Q

PJP in Aids

A

Clindamycin + Primaquine

28
Q

AIDS-related toxoplasmosis

A

Clindamycin + Pyrimethamine

29
Q

Dosage reduction is recommended for patients with creatinine clearances less than 30 mL/min

A

Clarithromycin

30
Q

Torsades de pointes arrhythmia

A

Macrolides

31
Q

Traverses the placenta and reaches the fetus but cannot enter BBB

A

Erythromycin

32
Q

Penetrates into most tissues and phagocytic cells extremely well except for CSF

A

Azithromycin

33
Q

Acute Cholestatic Hepatitis

A

Erythromycin

34
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clindamycin

35
Q

Streptogramins and Lefamulin bind to which subunit

36
Q

Linezolid binds to which subunit

A

23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit

37
Q

Linezolid MOA

A

Prevents the formation of ribosome complex that initiates protein synthesis

38
Q

Lefamulin MOA

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Binding pocket closes around drug molecule, preventing tRNA from binding

39
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitors with MRSA activity

A

Tedizolid
Quinupristin-Dalfopristin

40
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitor active against gonorrhea

41
Q

Primarily eliminated in feces

A

Quinupristin-Dalfopristin

42
Q

Arthralgia-myalgia

A

Quinupristin-Dalfopristin

43
Q

Treatment of VRE infections, HCAP, CAP, skin and soft tissue infections, MDR-TB and Nocardia infections

44
Q

Oxazolidinone that is 100% bioavailable

45
Q

Thrombocytopenia
Anemia
Neutropenia
Optic and peripheral neuropathy
Lactic acidosis
Serotonin syndrome

46
Q

Oxazolidinone for skin and soft tissue infection

47
Q

Which is higher protein binding: Linezolid or Tedizolid

A

Tedizolid (70%-90%)

48
Q

For CAP and lower respiratory tract infections

49
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitor active against Lower respi infections, Atypical pathogens, Aerobic gram (+) and STI’s

50
Q

Causes congenital malformations

51
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitor that requires dose adjustments

pcol (6 decks)

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