f2f review Flashcards
First line of drug produce red-orange body fluids
Rifampin / Rifampicin
Antimycobacterials that are hepatotoxic
All first-line drugs
Antimycobacterial may cause peripheral neuritis
Isoniazid
Drug to give if patient is experiencing a gout attack, hyperuricemia, and increased uric acid
Pyrazinamide
2nd line drug that is given if TB strain is already resistant to Amikacin
Streptomycin
Technical definition of your MDR TB
Resistant to both Isoniazid and Rifampin
Duration of TB treatment intensive phase
2 months
Duration of continuation/maintenance of TB treatment
4 or more months
Duration of TB of the spine or TB meningitis treatment
1 year (2 months intensive, 10 months maintenance)
Main drug used for leprosy
Dapsone
Drug for multibacillary leprosy
Clofazimine
Rifampicin analog that can be used or can be given orally but is not absorbed systemically
Rifaximin
Rifampicin analog given to HIV/AIDS patients
Rifabutin
May cause tendon rupture or tendonitis
Fluoroquinolones
Causes myalgia-arthralgia
Streptogramins: Quinupristin-Dalfopristin
Causes gray baby syndrome
Chloramphenicol
Causes red man syndrome
Vancomycin
Has the propensity to cause pseudomembranous colitis
Ampicillin
Co-Amoxiclav
Carbapenems/Meropenems
Clindamycin
All drugs with MRSA activity
Vancomycin, Clindamycin
Streptogramins
Ceftaroline (5th gen beta-lactam)
Tigecycline, Eravacycline, Omadacycline
Rifampicin
Tedizolid
Cotrimoxazole
Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Sparfloxacin
Pseudomonal activity
Carbapenems (except ertapenem)
Cefoperazone
Ceftazidime
What age can tetracyclines be given
8 and above
Causes ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Aminoglycosides
Most notable adverse effect of Tetracyclines
Tooth enamel discoloration
Enamel dysplasia
Drugs that are contraindicated for pregnants
Tetracyclines:
Doxycycline
Demeclocycline
Minocycline
Tigecycline
Prophylaxis for leptospirosis
Doxycycline
Drugs that are allowed for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH)
Demeclocycline
Used for increased gastric motility
Erythromycin
Cause QT prolongation
Macrolides (Torsades de Pointes Arrhythmia)
Used for malaria
Doxycycline
Clindamycin
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine
Used for chlamydia
Doxycycline 100mg 2x a day for 1 week
Given to pregnant patient with chlamydia
Azithromycin
Drugs that inhibit the growth of microorganisms
Bacteriostatic
Drugs that kill the bacteria itself
Bactericidal
In cell wall inhibitors, what chemical structure is responsible for determining drug susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis?
R group
Used for gonorrhea
Ceftriaxone single IM dose
Used for syphilis
Penicillin G single IM injection
Which cephalosporin is active against MRSA
Ceftaroline (5th gen)
Which cephalosporin is active against P. aeruginosa
Ceftazidime
Cefoperazone
Which cephalosporin is used as prophylaxis before surgery
Cefazolin
Which carbapenem needs renal dehydropeptidase when administered
Imipenem
Which among tetracyclines is derived from fluorocyclines
Eravacycline
Which among tetracyclines is useful in the treatment for inappropriate secretion of ADH
Demeclocycline
What is the ratio of Streptogramins
70% Dalfopristin (Strep A)
30% Quinupristin (Strep B)
What is the target molecule of Streptogramins (MOA)
Inhibition of Protein synthesis by binding 50S Ribosomal RNA
What is the target molecule of Linezolid
23S of the 50S RIbosomal Unit
What part of the combination regimen in the treatment of H. pylori
Tetracycline
What is the clinical application of streptomycin
Tuberculosis
Plague
Tularemia
MDR strains of MTB
What agent is reserved for serious infections resistant to aminoglycoside
Netilmicin
Which is not recommended in the treatment of pharyngeal gonococcal infections
Spectinomycin
What is the MOA of Trimethoprim
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
What is the MOA of Sulfonamide
Inhibits dihydropteroate synthase
Drug of choice for P. jirovecii infection
Co-Trimoxazole/Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
Drug of choice for the prophylaxis in treatment anthrax
Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin
3rd Gen Fluoroquinolones
Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Sparfloxacin
What is a respiratory fluoroquinolone used to treat pneumonia; second line TB
Levofloxacin (Single Dosing)
Dose-dependent visual disturbances
Ethambutol
What treatment is used for tuberculosis patients with HIV
Rifabutin
What is the Drug of Choice for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex
Clarithromycin / Azithromycin
What is the MOA of dapsone
Inhibition of Folic Acid
Inhibits Mycolic Acid Synthesis
Isoniazid
What inhibits your DNA-dependent-RNA polymerase
Rifampicin
What vaccines are given at birth?
BCG
Hepatitis B
What Vaccines are Live-Attenuated
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
Varicella
Rotavirus
(MMRV-BOY)
When is 5 in 1 Vaccine given
6, 10, 14 weeks of age,
4, 6 years old,
then every 10 years
for Tetanus & Pertussis
What vaccines can be given orally?
Oral polio: Salk: Live Vaccine
Antigen that is able to induce an immune response
Immunogen
Can elicit an immune response;
Some are combined with antibodies
Vaccines
They could develop faster immunity but could become a full-blown disease if you have a weak immune system
Live Vaccines
