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Psych Rotation > SUD > Flashcards

SUD Flashcards

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1
Q

mu agonist

A

opioids (heroin)

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2
Q

GABAa channel opening duration increased

A

barbiturates

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3
Q

GABAa channel opening frequency increased

A

benzodiazepines

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4
Q

injection drug users at risk for (5)

A 
right-sided endocarditis (Tricuspid valve)
abscesses
hepatitis
HIV
hemorrhoids
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5
Q

for heroin use, look for

A

track marks (needle injections)

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6
Q

opioid withdrawal is ___ fatal

A

NOT

- it is just unpleasant

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7
Q

opioid withdrawal can cause what pulmonary dysfunction?

A

pulmonary edema

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8
Q

Presents with: anxiety, insomnia, anorexia, sweating, dilated pupils, piloerection, fever, rhinorrhea, N/V/D

A

Opioid Withdrawal

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9
Q

treatment of Opioid withdrawal (3)

A

Clonidine (α2 agonist)

Subaxone (Buprenorphine + Naloxone)

Methadone

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10
Q

Subaxone (buprenorphine + naloxone) can precipitate opioid withdrawal if

A

given too soon (partial mu agonist) after intoxication
or
injected while using opioids

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11
Q

naloxone is not active when taken orally, so withdrawal symptoms occur only if

A

injected

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12
Q

Treatment of Barbiturate withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines with taper
or
Long-acting barbiturates (phenobarbital)

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13
Q

DO NOT treat benzodiazepine overdose in chronic Benzodiazepine users with ____
because it can cause seizures.

A

Flumazenil

*use for patients who do not have a chronic history of using benzos due to no GABA/Glutamate inbalance.

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14
Q

DO NOT restrain patients overdosed on stimulants because it may result in

A

rhabdomyolysis ?????

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15
Q

MDMA overdose treatment is

A

supportive for symptoms

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16
Q

Pregnant women using cocaine can lead to

A

Placental Infarction (Abruption)

*vasospasm of placental vessels

17
Q

contraindicated in MI secondary to cocaine due to HTN crisis (unopposed alpha)

A

beta-blockers

18
Q

Treatment of cocaine overdose

A

Benzos

19
Q

2 treatments for smoking cessation

A

Bupropion

Varenicline (partial nicotine receptor agonism)

20
Q

PCP overdose treatment

A

Benzos

antipsychotic (2nd line)

21
Q

Intoxication presents with short lived slurred speech, disorientation, blurred vision, and possibly coma

A

Inhalant

Teenagers/ poor people

22
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal treated with

A

Thiamine, Folate, Multivitamin, Dextrose, IV Fluids

Lorazepam or Diazepam (PRN)

23
Q

alcohol is a depressant that INCREASES ________ opening.

A

GABAa channel opening

24
Q

long term use of alcohol leads to down regulation of ____ and up regulation of

A

GABA channels (inhibitory)

NMDA-Glutamate receptors (excitatory)

25
Q

Alcoholic Hallucinosis seen within ____ hours of last drink

A

12-24
Presents with AVH or Tactile Hallucinations
no autonomic instability (as opposed to DT).

26
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal Tonic-Clonic Seizures seen within ____ hours of last drink

A

48 hours

2 days

27
Q

Delrium Tremens seen within ____ hours of last drink

A

48- 96
(2-4 days)

Autonomic instability + AVT Hallucinations
Disorientation
Agitation

28
Q

Minor Alcoholic withdrawal seen within ____ hours of last drink

A

6
Trembling, Irritability, Anxiety
Headache, Tachycardia, Insomnia

29
Q

How to tell the difference between Alcoholic Hallucinosis and DT?

A

DTs usually present 2 days after last drink and with autonomic instability.

AHs happens within 1 day of withdrawal and NO autonomic instability

30
Q

disulfiram - inhibits

A

acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
(aversive conditioning)

2nd line treatment for AuD & only if pt is abstinent already

31
Q

List the 6 stages of quitting SuD

A
  1. Pre-contemplation (denial)
  2. Contemplation (accepting)
  3. Preparation/Determination (ready to change)
  4. Action/ Willpower (actively changing)
  5. Maintenance
  6. Relapse
32
Q

most addictive drugs act on the ____ reward pathway

A

dopamine mesolimbic

33
Q

LONG acting opioid COMPETITIVE antagonist

A

Naltrexone

Naloxone has same MOA, but SHORT acting

34
Q

weak partial mu AGONIST

A

Buprenorphine

Subaxone = (Buprenorphine + Naloxone)

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